9da3ffee41
This is a massive diff that I had to do in a hurry - when leaving Urbint. I'm pretty sure that most of these are updating Emacs packages, but I'm not positive.
1885 lines
69 KiB
Text
1885 lines
69 KiB
Text
This is ivy.info, produced by makeinfo version 6.5 from ivy.texi.
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Ivy manual, version 0.8.0
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Ivy is an interactive interface for completion in Emacs. Emacs uses
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completion mechanism in a variety of contexts: code, menus, commands,
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variables, functions, etc. Completion entails listing, sorting,
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filtering, previewing, and applying actions on selected items. When
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active, ‘ivy-mode’ completes the selection process by narrowing
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available choices while previewing in the minibuffer. Selecting the
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final candidate is either through simple keyboard character inputs or
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through powerful regular expressions.
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Copyright (C) 2015-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
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document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
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Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software
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Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover Texts
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being “A GNU Manual,” and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a)
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below. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
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“GNU Free Documentation License.”
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(a) The FSF’s Back-Cover Text is: “You have the freedom to copy and
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modify this GNU manual.”
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INFO-DIR-SECTION Emacs
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START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
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* Ivy: (ivy). Using Ivy for completion.
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END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
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File: ivy.info, Node: Top, Next: Introduction, Up: (dir)
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Ivy User Manual
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***************
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* Menu:
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* Introduction::
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* Installation::
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* Getting started::
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* Key bindings::
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* Completion Styles::
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* Customization::
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* Commands::
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* API::
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* Variable Index::
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* Keystroke Index::
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— The Detailed Node Listing —
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Installation
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* Installing from Emacs Package Manager::
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* Installing from the Git repository::
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Getting started
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* Basic customization::
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Key bindings
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* Global key bindings::
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* Minibuffer key bindings::
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Minibuffer key bindings
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* Key bindings for navigation::
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* Key bindings for single selection, action, then exit minibuffer: Key bindings for single selection action then exit minibuffer.
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* Key bindings for multiple selections and actions, keep minibuffer open: Key bindings for multiple selections and actions keep minibuffer open.
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* Key bindings that alter the minibuffer input::
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* Other key bindings::
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* Hydra in the minibuffer::
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* Saving the current completion session to a buffer::
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Completion Styles
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* ivy--regex-plus::
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* ivy--regex-ignore-order::
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* ivy--regex-fuzzy::
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Customization
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* Faces::
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* Defcustoms::
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* Actions::
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* Packages::
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Actions
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* What are actions?::
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* How can different actions be called?::
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* How to modify the actions list?::
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* Example - add two actions to each command::
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* Example - define a new command with several actions::
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Example - add two actions to each command
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* How to undo adding the two actions::
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* How to add actions to a specific command::
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Example - define a new command with several actions
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* Test the above function with ivy-occur::
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Commands
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* File Name Completion::
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* Buffer Name Completion::
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* Counsel commands::
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File Name Completion
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* Using TRAMP::
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API
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* Required arguments for ivy-read::
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* Optional arguments for ivy-read::
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* Example - counsel-describe-function::
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* Example - counsel-locate::
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* Example - ivy-read-with-extra-properties::
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File: ivy.info, Node: Introduction, Next: Installation, Prev: Top, Up: Top
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1 Introduction
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**************
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Ivy is for quick and easy selection from a list. When Emacs prompts for
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a string from a list of several possible choices, Ivy springs into
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action to assist in narrowing and picking the right string from a vast
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number of choices.
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Ivy strives for minimalism, simplicity, customizability and
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discoverability.
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Minimalism
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..........
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Uncluttered minibuffer is minimalism. Ivy shows the completion
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defaults, the number of matches, and 10 candidate matches below the
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input line. Customize ‘ivy-height’ to adjust the number of
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candidate matches displayed in the minibuffer.
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Simplicity
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..........
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Simplicity is about Ivy’s behavior in the minibuffer. It is also
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about the code interface to extend Ivy’s functionality. The
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minibuffer area behaves as close to ‘fundamental-mode’ as possible.
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‘SPC’ inserts a space, for example, instead of being bound to the
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more complex ‘minibuffer-complete-word’. Ivy’s code uses
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easy-to-examine global variables; avoids needless complications
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with branch-introducing custom macros.
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Customizability
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...............
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Customizability is about being able to use different methods and
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interfaces of completion to tailor the selection process. For
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example, adding a custom display function that points to a selected
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candidate with ‘>’, instead of highlighting the selected candidate
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with the ‘ivy-current-match’ face (see ‘ivy-format-function’). Or
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take the customization of actions, say after the candidate function
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is selected. ‘RET’ uses ‘counsel-describe-function’ to describe
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the function, whereas ‘M-o d’ jumps to that function’s definition
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in the code. The ‘M-o’ prefix can be uniformly used with
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characters like ‘d’ to group similar actions.
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Discoverability
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...............
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Ivy displays easily discoverable commands through the hydra
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facility. ‘C-o’ in the minibuffer displays a hydra menu. It opens
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up within an expanded minibuffer area. Each menu item comes with
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short documentation strings and highlighted one-key completions.
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So discovering even seldom used keys is simply a matter of ‘C-o’ in
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the minibuffer while in the midst of the Ivy interaction. This
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discoverability minimizes exiting Ivy interface for documentation
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look-ups.
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File: ivy.info, Node: Installation, Next: Getting started, Prev: Introduction, Up: Top
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2 Installation
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**************
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Install Ivy automatically through Emacs’s package manager, or manually
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from Ivy’s development repository.
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Emacs 24.3 is the oldest version to run Ivy. Emacs 24.4 is the
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oldest version that runs Ivy with fancy faces display.
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* Menu:
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* Installing from Emacs Package Manager::
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* Installing from the Git repository::
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File: ivy.info, Node: Installing from Emacs Package Manager, Next: Installing from the Git repository, Up: Installation
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2.1 Installing from Emacs Package Manager
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=========================================
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‘M-x’ ‘package-install’ ‘RET’ ‘ivy’ ‘RET’
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Ivy is installed as part of ‘ivy’ package, which is available from
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two different package archives, GNU ELPA and MELPA. For the latest
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stable version, use the GNU ELPA archives using the above M-x command.
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For current hourly builds, use the MELPA archives. In MELPA, Ivy is
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split into three packages: ‘ivy’, ‘swiper’ and ‘counsel’; you can simply
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install ‘counsel’ which will bring in the other two as dependencies.
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See the code below for adding MELPA to the list of package archives:
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(require 'package)
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(add-to-list 'package-archives
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'("melpa" . "http://melpa.org/packages/"))
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After this do ‘M-x’ ‘package-refresh-contents’ ‘RET’, followed by
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‘M-x’ ‘package-install’ ‘RET’ ‘counsel’ ‘RET’.
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For package manager details, see *note (emacs)Packages::.
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File: ivy.info, Node: Installing from the Git repository, Prev: Installing from Emacs Package Manager, Up: Installation
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2.2 Installing from the Git repository
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======================================
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Why install from Git?
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.....................
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• No need to wait for MELPA’s hourly builds
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• Easy to revert to previous versions
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• Contribute to Ivy’s development; send patches; pull requests
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Configuration steps
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...................
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First clone the Swiper repository with:
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cd ~/git && git clone https://github.com/abo-abo/swiper
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cd swiper && make compile
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Second, add these lines to the Emacs init file:
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(add-to-list 'load-path "~/git/swiper/")
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(require 'ivy)
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Then, update the code with:
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git pull
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make
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File: ivy.info, Node: Getting started, Next: Key bindings, Prev: Installation, Up: Top
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3 Getting started
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*****************
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First enable Ivy completion everywhere:
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(ivy-mode 1)
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Note: ‘ivy-mode’ can be toggled on and off with ‘M-x’ ‘ivy-mode’.
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* Menu:
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* Basic customization::
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File: ivy.info, Node: Basic customization, Up: Getting started
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3.1 Basic customization
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=======================
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Here are some basic settings particularly useful for new Ivy users:
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(setq ivy-use-virtual-buffers t)
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(setq ivy-count-format "(%d/%d) ")
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If you want, you can go without any customizations at all. The above
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settings are the most bang for the buck in terms of customization. So
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users that typically don’t like customize a lot are advised to look at
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these settings first.
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For more advanced customizations, refer to ‘M-x describe-variable’
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documentation.
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File: ivy.info, Node: Key bindings, Next: Completion Styles, Prev: Getting started, Up: Top
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4 Key bindings
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**************
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* Menu:
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* Global key bindings::
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* Minibuffer key bindings::
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File: ivy.info, Node: Global key bindings, Next: Minibuffer key bindings, Up: Key bindings
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4.1 Global key bindings
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=======================
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The recommended key bindings are:
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Ivy-based interface to standard commands
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........................................
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-s") 'swiper)
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(global-set-key (kbd "M-x") 'counsel-M-x)
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-x C-f") 'counsel-find-file)
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(global-set-key (kbd "<f1> f") 'counsel-describe-function)
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(global-set-key (kbd "<f1> v") 'counsel-describe-variable)
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(global-set-key (kbd "<f1> l") 'counsel-find-library)
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(global-set-key (kbd "<f2> i") 'counsel-info-lookup-symbol)
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(global-set-key (kbd "<f2> u") 'counsel-unicode-char)
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Ivy-based interface to shell and system tools
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.............................................
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-c g") 'counsel-git)
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-c j") 'counsel-git-grep)
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-c k") 'counsel-ag)
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-x l") 'counsel-locate)
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-S-o") 'counsel-rhythmbox)
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Ivy-resume and other commands
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.............................
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‘ivy-resume’ resumes the last Ivy-based completion.
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-c C-r") 'ivy-resume)
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File: ivy.info, Node: Minibuffer key bindings, Prev: Global key bindings, Up: Key bindings
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4.2 Minibuffer key bindings
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===========================
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Ivy includes several minibuffer bindings, which are defined in the
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‘ivy-minibuffer-map’ keymap variable. The most frequently used ones are
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described here.
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‘swiper’ or ‘counsel-M-x’ add more key bindings through the ‘keymap’
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argument to ‘ivy-read’. These keys, also active in the minibuffer, are
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described under their respective commands.
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A key feature of ‘ivy-minibuffer-map’ is its full editing capability
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where the familiar ‘C-a’, ‘C-f’, ‘M-d’, ‘M-DEL’, ‘M-b’, ‘M-w’, ‘C-k’,
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‘C-y’ key bindings work the same as in ‘fundamental-mode’.
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* Menu:
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* Key bindings for navigation::
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* Key bindings for single selection, action, then exit minibuffer: Key bindings for single selection action then exit minibuffer.
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* Key bindings for multiple selections and actions, keep minibuffer open: Key bindings for multiple selections and actions keep minibuffer open.
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* Key bindings that alter the minibuffer input::
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* Other key bindings::
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* Hydra in the minibuffer::
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* Saving the current completion session to a buffer::
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File: ivy.info, Node: Key bindings for navigation, Next: Key bindings for single selection action then exit minibuffer, Up: Minibuffer key bindings
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4.2.1 Key bindings for navigation
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---------------------------------
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• ‘C-n’ (‘ivy-next-line’) selects the next candidate
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• ‘C-p’ (‘ivy-previous-line’) selects the previous candidate
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• ‘M-<’ (‘ivy-beginning-of-buffer’) selects the first candidate
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• ‘M->’ (‘ivy-end-of-buffer’) selects the last candidate
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• ‘C-v’ (‘ivy-scroll-up-command’) scrolls up by ‘ivy-height’ lines
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• ‘M-v’ (‘ivy-scroll-down-command’) scrolls down by ‘ivy-height’
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lines
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-- User Option: ivy-wrap
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Specifies the wrap-around behavior for ‘C-n’ and ‘C-p’. When
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‘ivy-wrap’ is set to ‘t’, ‘ivy-next-line’ and ‘ivy-previous-line’
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will cycle past the last and the first candidates respectively.
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Warp-around behavior is off by default.
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-- User Option: ivy-height
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Use this option to adjust the minibuffer height, which also affects
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scroll size when using ‘C-v’ and ‘M-v’ key bindings.
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‘ivy-height’ is 10 lines by default.
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File: ivy.info, Node: Key bindings for single selection action then exit minibuffer, Next: Key bindings for multiple selections and actions keep minibuffer open, Prev: Key bindings for navigation, Up: Minibuffer key bindings
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4.2.2 Key bindings for single selection, action, then exit minibuffer
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---------------------------------------------------------------------
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Ivy can offer several actions from which to choose which action to run.
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This "calling an action" operates on the selected candidate. For
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example, when viewing a list of files, one action could open it for
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editing, one to view it, another to invoke a special function, and so
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on. Custom actions can be added to this interface. The precise action
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to call on the selected candidate can be delayed until after the
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narrowing is completed. No need to exit the interface if unsure which
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action to run. This delayed flexibility and customization of actions
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extends usability of lists in Emacs.
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‘C-m’ or ‘RET’ (‘ivy-done’)
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...........................
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Calls the default action and then exits the minibuffer.
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‘M-o’ (‘ivy-dispatching-done’)
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..............................
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Presents valid actions from which to choose. When only one action
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is available, there is no difference between ‘M-o’ and ‘C-m’.
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‘C-j’ (‘ivy-alt-done’)
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......................
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When completing file names, selects the current directory candidate
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and starts a new completion session there. Otherwise, it is the
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same as ‘ivy-done’.
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‘TAB’ (‘ivy-partial-or-done’)
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.............................
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Attempts partial completion, extending current input as much as
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possible. ‘TAB TAB’ is the same as ‘C-j’ (‘ivy-alt-done’).
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Example ERT test:
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(should
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(equal (ivy-with
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'(progn
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(ivy-read "Test: " '("can do" "can't, sorry" "other"))
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ivy-text)
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"c <tab>")
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"can"))
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‘C-M-j’ (‘ivy-immediate-done’)
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..............................
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Exits with _the current input_ instead of _the current candidate_
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(like other commands).
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This is useful e.g. when you call ‘find-file’ to create a new
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file, but the desired name matches an existing file. In that case,
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using ‘C-j’ would select that existing file, which isn’t what you
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want - use this command instead.
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‘C-'’ (‘ivy-avy’)
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.................
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Uses avy to select one of the candidates on the current candidate
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page. This can often be faster than multiple ‘C-n’ or ‘C-p’
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keystrokes followed by ‘C-m’.
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File: ivy.info, Node: Key bindings for multiple selections and actions keep minibuffer open, Next: Key bindings that alter the minibuffer input, Prev: Key bindings for single selection action then exit minibuffer, Up: Minibuffer key bindings
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4.2.3 Key bindings for multiple selections and actions, keep minibuffer open
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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For repeatedly applying multiple actions or acting on multiple
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candidates, Ivy does not close the minibuffer between commands. It
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keeps the minibuffer open for applying subsequent actions.
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Adding an extra meta key to the normal key chord invokes the special
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version of the regular commands that enables applying multiple actions.
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‘C-M-m’ (‘ivy-call’)
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....................
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Is the non-exiting version of ‘C-m’ (‘ivy-done’).
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Instead of closing the minibuffer, ‘C-M-m’ allows selecting another
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candidate or another action. For example, ‘C-M-m’ on functions
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list invokes ‘describe-function’. When combined with ‘C-n’,
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function descriptions can be invoked quickly in succession.
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‘C-M-o’ (‘ivy-dispatching-call’)
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................................
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Is the non-exiting version of ‘M-o’ (‘ivy-dispatching-done’).
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For example, during the ‘counsel-rhythmbox’ completion, press
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‘C-M-o e’ to en-queue the selected candidate, followed by ‘C-n C-m’
|
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to play the next candidate - the current action reverts to the
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default one after ‘C-M-o’.
|
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‘C-M-n’ (‘ivy-next-line-and-call’)
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..................................
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Combines ‘C-n’ and ‘C-M-m’. Applies an action and moves to next
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line.
|
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Comes in handy when opening multiple files from
|
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‘counsel-find-file’, ‘counsel-git-grep’, ‘counsel-ag’,
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‘counsel-rg’, or ‘counsel-locate’ lists. Just hold ‘C-M-n’ for
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rapid-fire default action on each successive element of the list.
|
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|
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‘C-M-p’ (‘ivy-previous-line-and-call’)
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......................................
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Combines ‘C-p’ and ‘C-M-m’.
|
||
|
||
Similar to the above except it moves through the list in the other
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direction.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-resume’
|
||
............
|
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|
||
Recalls the state of the completion session just before its last
|
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exit.
|
||
|
||
Useful after an accidental ‘C-m’ (‘ivy-done’).
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Key bindings that alter the minibuffer input, Next: Other key bindings, Prev: Key bindings for multiple selections and actions keep minibuffer open, Up: Minibuffer key bindings
|
||
|
||
4.2.4 Key bindings that alter the minibuffer input
|
||
--------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
‘M-n’ (‘ivy-next-history-element’)
|
||
..................................
|
||
|
||
Cycles forward through the Ivy command history.
|
||
|
||
Ivy updates an internal history list after each action. When this
|
||
history list is empty, ‘M-n’ inserts symbol (or URL) at point into
|
||
the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
‘M-p’ (‘ivy-previous-history-element’)
|
||
......................................
|
||
|
||
Cycles forward through the Ivy command history.
|
||
|
||
‘M-i’ (‘ivy-insert-current’)
|
||
............................
|
||
|
||
Inserts the current candidate into the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
Useful for copying and renaming files, for example: ‘M-i’ to insert
|
||
the original file name string, edit it, and then ‘C-m’ to complete
|
||
the renaming.
|
||
|
||
‘M-j’ (‘ivy-yank-word’)
|
||
.......................
|
||
|
||
Inserts the sub-word at point into the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
This is similar to ‘C-s C-w’ with ‘isearch’. Ivy reserves ‘C-w’
|
||
for ‘kill-region’. See also ‘ivy-yank-symbol’ and ‘ivy-yank-char’.
|
||
|
||
‘S-SPC’ (‘ivy-restrict-to-matches’)
|
||
...................................
|
||
|
||
Deletes the current input, and resets the candidates list to the
|
||
currently restricted matches.
|
||
|
||
This is how Ivy provides narrowing in successive tiers.
|
||
|
||
‘C-r’ (‘ivy-reverse-i-search’)
|
||
..............................
|
||
|
||
Starts a recursive completion session through the command’s
|
||
history.
|
||
|
||
This works just like ‘C-r’ at the bash command prompt, where the
|
||
completion candidates are the history items. Upon completion, the
|
||
selected candidate string is inserted into the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Other key bindings, Next: Hydra in the minibuffer, Prev: Key bindings that alter the minibuffer input, Up: Minibuffer key bindings
|
||
|
||
4.2.5 Other key bindings
|
||
------------------------
|
||
|
||
‘M-w’ (‘ivy-kill-ring-save’)
|
||
............................
|
||
|
||
Copies selected candidates to the kill ring.
|
||
|
||
Copies the region if the region is active.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Hydra in the minibuffer, Next: Saving the current completion session to a buffer, Prev: Other key bindings, Up: Minibuffer key bindings
|
||
|
||
4.2.6 Hydra in the minibuffer
|
||
-----------------------------
|
||
|
||
‘C-o’ (‘hydra-ivy/body’)
|
||
........................
|
||
|
||
Invokes the hydra menu with short key bindings.
|
||
|
||
When Hydra is active, minibuffer editing is disabled and menus
|
||
display short aliases:
|
||
|
||
Short Normal Command name
|
||
------------------------------------------------
|
||
‘o’ ‘C-g’ ‘keyboard-escape-quit’
|
||
‘j’ ‘C-n’ ‘ivy-next-line’
|
||
‘k’ ‘C-p’ ‘ivy-previous-line’
|
||
‘h’ ‘M-<’ ‘ivy-beginning-of-buffer’
|
||
‘l’ ‘M->’ ‘ivy-end-of-buffer’
|
||
‘d’ ‘C-m’ ‘ivy-done’
|
||
‘f’ ‘C-j’ ‘ivy-alt-done’
|
||
‘g’ ‘C-M-m’ ‘ivy-call’
|
||
‘u’ ‘C-c C-o’ ‘ivy-occur’
|
||
|
||
Hydra reduces key strokes, for example: ‘C-n C-n C-n C-n’ is ‘C-o
|
||
jjjj’ in Hydra.
|
||
|
||
Hydra menu offers these additional bindings:
|
||
|
||
‘c’ (‘ivy-toggle-calling’)
|
||
..........................
|
||
|
||
Toggle calling the action after each candidate change. It modifies
|
||
‘j’ to ‘jg’, ‘k’ to ‘kg’ etc.
|
||
|
||
‘m’ (‘ivy-rotate-preferred-builders’)
|
||
.....................................
|
||
|
||
Rotate the current regexp matcher.
|
||
|
||
‘>’ (‘ivy-minibuffer-grow’)
|
||
...........................
|
||
|
||
Increase ‘ivy-height’ for the current minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
‘<’ (‘ivy-minibuffer-shrink’)
|
||
.............................
|
||
|
||
Decrease ‘ivy-height’ for the current minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
‘w’ (‘ivy-prev-action’)
|
||
.......................
|
||
|
||
Select the previous action.
|
||
|
||
‘s’ (‘ivy-next-action’)
|
||
.......................
|
||
|
||
Select the next action.
|
||
|
||
‘a’ (‘ivy-read-action’)
|
||
.......................
|
||
|
||
Use a menu to select an action.
|
||
|
||
‘C’ (‘ivy-toggle-case-fold’)
|
||
............................
|
||
|
||
Toggle case folding (match both upper and lower case characters for
|
||
lower case input).
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Saving the current completion session to a buffer, Prev: Hydra in the minibuffer, Up: Minibuffer key bindings
|
||
|
||
4.2.7 Saving the current completion session to a buffer
|
||
-------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
‘C-c C-o’ (‘ivy-occur’)
|
||
.......................
|
||
|
||
Saves the current candidates to a new buffer and exits completion.
|
||
|
||
The new buffer is read-only and has a few useful bindings defined.
|
||
|
||
‘RET’ or ‘f’ (‘ivy-occur-press’)
|
||
................................
|
||
|
||
Call the current action on the selected candidate.
|
||
|
||
‘mouse-1’ (‘ivy-occur-click’)
|
||
.............................
|
||
|
||
Call the current action on the selected candidate.
|
||
|
||
‘j’ (‘next-line’)
|
||
.................
|
||
|
||
Move to next line.
|
||
|
||
‘k’ (‘previous-line’)
|
||
.....................
|
||
|
||
Move to previous line.
|
||
|
||
‘a’ (‘ivy-occur-read-action’)
|
||
.............................
|
||
|
||
Read an action and make it current for this buffer.
|
||
|
||
‘o’ (‘ivy-occur-dispatch’)
|
||
..........................
|
||
|
||
Read an action and call it on the selected candidate.
|
||
|
||
‘q’ (‘quit-window’)
|
||
...................
|
||
|
||
Bury the current buffer.
|
||
|
||
Ivy has no limit on the number of active buffers like these.
|
||
|
||
Ivy takes care of naming buffers uniquely by constructing descriptive
|
||
names. For example: ‘*ivy-occur counsel-describe-variable "function$*’.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Completion Styles, Next: Customization, Prev: Key bindings, Up: Top
|
||
|
||
5 Completion Styles
|
||
*******************
|
||
|
||
Ivy’s completion functions rely on a regex builder - a function that
|
||
transforms a string input to a string regex. All current candidates
|
||
simply have to match this regex. Each collection can be assigned its
|
||
own regex builder by customizing ‘ivy-re-builders-alist’.
|
||
|
||
The keys of this alist are collection names, and the values are one
|
||
of the following:
|
||
• ‘ivy--regex’
|
||
• ‘ivy--regex-plus’
|
||
• ‘ivy--regex-ignore-order’
|
||
• ‘ivy--regex-fuzzy’
|
||
• ‘regexp-quote’
|
||
|
||
A catch-all key, ‘t’, applies to all collections that don’t have
|
||
their own key.
|
||
|
||
The default is:
|
||
|
||
(setq ivy-re-builders-alist
|
||
'((t . ivy--regex-plus)))
|
||
|
||
This example shows a custom regex builder assigned to file name
|
||
completion:
|
||
|
||
(setq ivy-re-builders-alist
|
||
'((read-file-name-internal . ivy--regex-fuzzy)
|
||
(t . ivy--regex-plus)))
|
||
|
||
Here, ‘read-file-name-internal’ is a function that is passed as the
|
||
second argument to ‘completing-read’ for file name completion.
|
||
|
||
The regex builder resolves as follows (in order of priority):
|
||
1. ‘re-builder’ argument passed to ‘ivy-read’.
|
||
2. ‘collection’ argument passed to ‘ivy-read’ is a function and has an
|
||
entry on ‘ivy-re-builders-alist’.
|
||
3. ‘caller’ argument passed to ‘ivy-read’ has an entry on
|
||
‘ivy-re-builders-alist’.
|
||
4. ‘this-command’ has an entry on ‘ivy-re-builders-alist’.
|
||
5. ‘t’ has an entry on ‘ivy-re-builders-alist’.
|
||
6. ‘ivy--regex’.
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* ivy--regex-plus::
|
||
* ivy--regex-ignore-order::
|
||
* ivy--regex-fuzzy::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: ivy--regex-plus, Next: ivy--regex-ignore-order, Up: Completion Styles
|
||
|
||
5.1 ivy–regex-plus
|
||
==================
|
||
|
||
‘ivy--regex-plus’ is Ivy’s default completion method.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy--regex-plus’ matches by splitting the input by spaces and
|
||
rebuilding it into a regex.
|
||
|
||
As the search string is typed in Ivy’s minibuffer, it is transformed
|
||
into valid regex syntax. If the string is ‘"for example"’, it is
|
||
transformed into
|
||
|
||
"\\(for\\).*\\(example\\)"
|
||
|
||
which in regex terminology matches ‘"for"’ followed by a wild card
|
||
and then ‘"example"’. Note how Ivy uses the space character to build
|
||
wild cards. To match a literal white space, use an extra space. So to
|
||
match one space type two spaces, to match two spaces type three spaces,
|
||
and so on.
|
||
|
||
As Ivy transforms typed characters into regex strings, it provides an
|
||
intuitive feedback through font highlights.
|
||
|
||
Ivy supports regexp negation with ‘"!"’. For example, ‘"define key !
|
||
ivy quit"’ first selects everything matching ‘"define.*key"’, then
|
||
removes everything matching ‘"ivy"’, and finally removes everything
|
||
matching ‘"quit"’. What remains is the final result set of the negation
|
||
regexp.
|
||
|
||
Since Ivy treats minibuffer input as a regexp, the standard regexp
|
||
identifiers work: ‘"^"’, ‘"$"’, ‘"\b"’ or ‘"[a-z]"’. The exceptions are
|
||
spaces, which translate to ‘".*"’, and ‘"!"’ that signal the beginning
|
||
of a negation group.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: ivy--regex-ignore-order, Next: ivy--regex-fuzzy, Prev: ivy--regex-plus, Up: Completion Styles
|
||
|
||
5.2 ivy–regex-ignore-order
|
||
==========================
|
||
|
||
‘ivy--regex-ignore-order’ ignores the order of regexp tokens when
|
||
searching for matching candidates. For instance, the input ‘"for
|
||
example"’ will match ‘"example test for"’.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: ivy--regex-fuzzy, Prev: ivy--regex-ignore-order, Up: Completion Styles
|
||
|
||
5.3 ivy–regex-fuzzy
|
||
===================
|
||
|
||
‘ivy--regex-fuzzy’ splits each character with a wild card. Searching
|
||
for ‘"for"’ returns all ‘"f.*o.*r"’ matches, resulting in a large number
|
||
of hits. Yet some searches need these extra hits. Ivy sorts such large
|
||
lists using ‘flx’ package’s scoring mechanism, if it’s installed.
|
||
|
||
‘C-o m’ toggles the current regexp builder.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Customization, Next: Commands, Prev: Completion Styles, Up: Top
|
||
|
||
6 Customization
|
||
***************
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* Faces::
|
||
* Defcustoms::
|
||
* Actions::
|
||
* Packages::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Faces, Next: Defcustoms, Up: Customization
|
||
|
||
6.1 Faces
|
||
=========
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-current-match’
|
||
...................
|
||
|
||
Highlights the currently selected candidate.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-minibuffer-match-face-1’
|
||
.............................
|
||
|
||
Highlights the background of the match.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-minibuffer-match-face-2’
|
||
.............................
|
||
|
||
Highlights the first (modulo 3) matched group.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-minibuffer-match-face-3’
|
||
.............................
|
||
|
||
Highlights the second (modulo 3) matched group.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-minibuffer-match-face-4’
|
||
.............................
|
||
|
||
Highlights the third (modulo 3) matched group.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-confirm-face’
|
||
..................
|
||
|
||
Highlights the "(confirm)" part of the prompt.
|
||
|
||
When ‘confirm-nonexistent-file-or-buffer’ set to ‘t’, then
|
||
confirming non-existent files in ‘ivy-mode’ requires an additional
|
||
‘RET’.
|
||
|
||
The confirmation prompt will use this face.
|
||
|
||
For example:
|
||
|
||
(setq confirm-nonexistent-file-or-buffer t)
|
||
|
||
Then call ‘find-file’, enter "eldorado" and press ‘RET’ - the
|
||
prompt will be appended with "(confirm)". Press ‘RET’ once more to
|
||
confirm, or any key to continue the completion.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-match-required-face’
|
||
.........................
|
||
|
||
Highlights the "(match required)" part of the prompt.
|
||
|
||
When completions have to match available candidates and cannot take
|
||
random input, the "(match required)" prompt signals this
|
||
constraint.
|
||
|
||
For example, call ‘describe-variable’, enter "waldo" and press
|
||
‘RET’ - "(match required)" is prompted. Press any key for the
|
||
prompt to disappear.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-subdir’
|
||
............
|
||
|
||
Highlights directories when completing file names.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-remote’
|
||
............
|
||
|
||
Highlights remote files when completing file names.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-virtual’
|
||
.............
|
||
|
||
Highlights virtual buffers when completing buffer names.
|
||
|
||
Virtual buffers correspond to bookmarks and recent files list,
|
||
‘recentf’.
|
||
|
||
Enable virtual buffers with:
|
||
|
||
(setq ivy-use-virtual-buffers t)
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Defcustoms, Next: Actions, Prev: Faces, Up: Customization
|
||
|
||
6.2 Defcustoms
|
||
==============
|
||
|
||
-- User Option: ivy-count-format
|
||
A string that specifies display of number of candidates and current
|
||
candidate, if one exists.
|
||
|
||
The number of matching candidates by default is shown as a right-
|
||
padded integer value.
|
||
|
||
To disable showing the number of candidates:
|
||
|
||
(setq ivy-count-format "")
|
||
|
||
To also display the current candidate:
|
||
|
||
(setq ivy-count-format "(%d/%d) ")
|
||
|
||
The ‘format’-style switches this variable uses are described in the
|
||
‘format’ documentation.
|
||
|
||
-- User Option: ivy-display-style
|
||
Specifies highlighting candidates in the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
The default setting is ‘'fancy’ in Emacs versions 24.4 or newer.
|
||
|
||
Set ‘ivy-display-style’ to ‘nil’ for a plain minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
-- User Option: ivy-on-del-error-function
|
||
Specifies what to do when ‘DEL’ (‘ivy-backward-delete-char’) fails.
|
||
|
||
This is usually the case when there is no text left to delete,
|
||
i.e., when ‘DEL’ is typed at the beginning of the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
The default behavior is to quit the completion after ‘DEL’ – a
|
||
handy key to invoke after mistakenly triggering a completion.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Actions, Next: Packages, Prev: Defcustoms, Up: Customization
|
||
|
||
6.3 Actions
|
||
===========
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* What are actions?::
|
||
* How can different actions be called?::
|
||
* How to modify the actions list?::
|
||
* Example - add two actions to each command::
|
||
* Example - define a new command with several actions::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: What are actions?, Next: How can different actions be called?, Up: Actions
|
||
|
||
6.3.1 What are actions?
|
||
-----------------------
|
||
|
||
An action is a function that is called after you select a candidate
|
||
during completion. This function takes a single string argument, which
|
||
is the selected candidate.
|
||
|
||
Window context when calling an action
|
||
.....................................
|
||
|
||
Currently, the action is executed in the minibuffer window context.
|
||
This means e.g. that if you call ‘insert’ the text will be
|
||
inserted into the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
If you want to execute the action in the initial window from which
|
||
the completion started, use the ‘with-ivy-window’ wrapper macro.
|
||
|
||
(defun ivy-insert-action (x)
|
||
(with-ivy-window
|
||
(insert x)))
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: How can different actions be called?, Next: How to modify the actions list?, Prev: What are actions?, Up: Actions
|
||
|
||
6.3.2 How can different actions be called?
|
||
------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
• ‘C-m’ (‘ivy-done’) calls the current action.
|
||
• ‘M-o’ (‘ivy-dispatching-done’) presents available actions for
|
||
selection, calls it after selection, and then exits.
|
||
• ‘C-M-o’ (‘ivy-dispatching-call’) presents available actions for
|
||
selection, calls it after selection, and then does not exit.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: How to modify the actions list?, Next: Example - add two actions to each command, Prev: How can different actions be called?, Up: Actions
|
||
|
||
6.3.3 How to modify the actions list?
|
||
-------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
Currently, you can append any amount of your own actions to the default
|
||
list of actions. This can be done either for a specific command, or for
|
||
all commands at once.
|
||
|
||
Usually, the command has only one default action. The convention is
|
||
to use single letters when selecting a command, and the letter ‘o’ is
|
||
designated for the default command. This way, ‘M-o o’ should be always
|
||
equivalent to ‘C-m’.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Example - add two actions to each command, Next: Example - define a new command with several actions, Prev: How to modify the actions list?, Up: Actions
|
||
|
||
6.3.4 Example - add two actions to each command
|
||
-----------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
The first action inserts the current candidate into the Ivy window - the
|
||
window from which ‘ivy-read’ was called.
|
||
|
||
The second action copies the current candidate to the kill ring.
|
||
|
||
(defun ivy-yank-action (x)
|
||
(kill-new x))
|
||
|
||
(defun ivy-copy-to-buffer-action (x)
|
||
(with-ivy-window
|
||
(insert x)))
|
||
|
||
(ivy-set-actions
|
||
t
|
||
'(("i" ivy-copy-to-buffer-action "insert")
|
||
("y" ivy-yank-action "yank")))
|
||
|
||
Then in any completion session, ‘M-o y’ invokes ‘ivy-yank-action’,
|
||
and ‘M-o i’ invokes ‘ivy-copy-to-buffer-action’.
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* How to undo adding the two actions::
|
||
* How to add actions to a specific command::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: How to undo adding the two actions, Next: How to add actions to a specific command, Up: Example - add two actions to each command
|
||
|
||
6.3.4.1 How to undo adding the two actions
|
||
..........................................
|
||
|
||
Since ‘ivy-set-actions’ modifies the internal dictionary with new data,
|
||
set the extra actions list to ‘nil’ by assigning ‘nil’ value to the ‘t’
|
||
key as follows:
|
||
|
||
(ivy-set-actions t nil)
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: How to add actions to a specific command, Prev: How to undo adding the two actions, Up: Example - add two actions to each command
|
||
|
||
6.3.4.2 How to add actions to a specific command
|
||
................................................
|
||
|
||
Use the command name as the key:
|
||
|
||
(ivy-set-actions
|
||
'swiper
|
||
'(("i" ivy-copy-to-buffer-action "insert")
|
||
("y" ivy-yank-action "yank")))
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Example - define a new command with several actions, Prev: Example - add two actions to each command, Up: Actions
|
||
|
||
6.3.5 Example - define a new command with several actions
|
||
---------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
(defun my-action-1 (x)
|
||
(message "action-1: %s" x))
|
||
|
||
(defun my-action-2 (x)
|
||
(message "action-2: %s" x))
|
||
|
||
(defun my-action-3 (x)
|
||
(message "action-3: %s" x))
|
||
|
||
(defun my-command-with-3-actions ()
|
||
(interactive)
|
||
(ivy-read "test: " '("foo" "bar" "baz")
|
||
:action '(1
|
||
("o" my-action-1 "action 1")
|
||
("j" my-action-2 "action 2")
|
||
("k" my-action-3 "action 3"))))
|
||
|
||
The number 1 above is the index of the default action. Each action
|
||
has its own string description for easy selection.
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* Test the above function with ivy-occur::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Test the above function with ivy-occur, Up: Example - define a new command with several actions
|
||
|
||
6.3.5.1 Test the above function with ‘ivy-occur’
|
||
................................................
|
||
|
||
To examine each action with each candidate in a key-efficient way, try:
|
||
|
||
• Call ‘my-command-with-3-actions’
|
||
• Press ‘C-c C-o’ to close the completion window and move to an
|
||
ivy-occur buffer
|
||
• Press ‘kkk’ to move to the first candidate, since the point is most
|
||
likely at the end of the buffer
|
||
• Press ‘oo’ to call the first action
|
||
• Press ‘oj’ and ‘ok’ to call the second and the third actions
|
||
• Press ‘j’ to move to the next candidate
|
||
• Press ‘oo’, ‘oj’, ‘ok’
|
||
• Press ‘j’ to move to the next candidate
|
||
• and so on...
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Packages, Prev: Actions, Up: Customization
|
||
|
||
6.4 Packages
|
||
============
|
||
|
||
‘org-mode’
|
||
..........
|
||
|
||
‘org-mode’ versions 8.3.3 or later obey ‘completing-read-function’
|
||
(which ‘ivy-mode’ sets). Try refiling headings with similar names
|
||
to appreciate ‘ivy-mode’.
|
||
|
||
‘magit’
|
||
.......
|
||
|
||
Magit requires this setting for ivy completion:
|
||
|
||
(setq magit-completing-read-function 'ivy-completing-read)
|
||
|
||
‘find-file-in-project’
|
||
......................
|
||
|
||
It uses ivy by default if Ivy is installed.
|
||
|
||
‘projectile’
|
||
............
|
||
|
||
Projectile requires this setting for ivy completion:
|
||
|
||
(setq projectile-completion-system 'ivy)
|
||
|
||
‘helm-make’
|
||
...........
|
||
|
||
Helm-make requires this setting for ivy completion.
|
||
|
||
(setq helm-make-completion-method 'ivy)
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Commands, Next: API, Prev: Customization, Up: Top
|
||
|
||
7 Commands
|
||
**********
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* File Name Completion::
|
||
* Buffer Name Completion::
|
||
* Counsel commands::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: File Name Completion, Next: Buffer Name Completion, Up: Commands
|
||
|
||
7.1 File Name Completion
|
||
========================
|
||
|
||
Since file name completion is ubiquitous, Ivy provides extra bindings
|
||
that work here:
|
||
|
||
‘C-j’ (‘ivy-alt-done’)
|
||
......................
|
||
|
||
On a directory, restarts completion from that directory.
|
||
|
||
On a file or ‘./’, exit completion with the selected candidate.
|
||
|
||
‘DEL’ (‘ivy-backward-delete-char’)
|
||
..................................
|
||
|
||
Restart the completion in the parent directory if current input is
|
||
empty.
|
||
|
||
‘//’ (‘self-insert-command’)
|
||
............................
|
||
|
||
Switch to the root directory.
|
||
|
||
‘~’ (‘self-insert-command’)
|
||
...........................
|
||
|
||
Switch to the home directory.
|
||
|
||
‘/’ (‘self-insert-command’)
|
||
...........................
|
||
|
||
If the current input matches an existing directory name exactly,
|
||
switch the completion to that directory.
|
||
|
||
‘M-r’ (‘ivy-toggle-regexp-quote’)
|
||
.................................
|
||
|
||
Toggle between input as regexp or not.
|
||
|
||
Switch to matching literally since file names include ‘.’, which is
|
||
for matching any char in regexp mode.
|
||
-- User Option: ivy-extra-directories
|
||
Decide if you want to see ‘../’ and ‘./’ during file name
|
||
completion.
|
||
|
||
Reason to remove: ‘../’ is the same as ‘DEL’.
|
||
|
||
Reason not to remove: navigate anywhere with only ‘C-n’, ‘C-p’ and
|
||
‘C-j’.
|
||
|
||
Likewise, ‘./’ can be removed.
|
||
|
||
History
|
||
.......
|
||
|
||
File history works the same with ‘M-p’, ‘M-n’, and ‘C-r’, but uses
|
||
a custom code for file name completion that cycles through files
|
||
previously opened. It also works with TRAMP files.
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* Using TRAMP::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Using TRAMP, Up: File Name Completion
|
||
|
||
7.1.1 Using TRAMP
|
||
-----------------
|
||
|
||
From any directory, with the empty input, inputting ‘/ssh:’ and pressing
|
||
‘C-j’ (or ‘RET’, which is the same thing) completes for host and user
|
||
names.
|
||
|
||
For ‘/ssh:user@’ input, completes the domain name.
|
||
|
||
‘C-i’ works in a similar way to the default completion.
|
||
|
||
You can also get sudo access for the current directory by inputting
|
||
‘/sudo::’ ‘RET’. Using ‘/sudo:’ (i.e. single colon instead of double)
|
||
will result in a completion session for the desired user.
|
||
|
||
Multi-hopping is possible, although a bit complex.
|
||
|
||
Example : connect to a remote host ‘cloud’ and open a file with ‘sudo’ there
|
||
............................................................................
|
||
|
||
• ‘C-x C-f’ ‘/ssh:cloud|sudo:root:/’.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Buffer Name Completion, Next: Counsel commands, Prev: File Name Completion, Up: Commands
|
||
|
||
7.2 Buffer Name Completion
|
||
==========================
|
||
|
||
-- User Option: ivy-use-virtual-buffers
|
||
When non-nil, add ‘recentf-mode’ and bookmarks to
|
||
‘ivy-switch-buffer’ completion candidates.
|
||
|
||
Adding this to Emacs init file:
|
||
|
||
(setq ivy-use-virtual-buffers t)
|
||
will add additional virtual buffers to the buffers list for recent
|
||
files. Selecting such virtual buffers, which are highlighted with
|
||
‘ivy-virtual’ face, will open the corresponding file.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Counsel commands, Prev: Buffer Name Completion, Up: Commands
|
||
|
||
7.3 Counsel commands
|
||
====================
|
||
|
||
The main advantages of ‘counsel-’ functions over their basic equivalents
|
||
in ‘ivy-mode’ are:
|
||
|
||
1. Multi-actions and non-exiting actions work.
|
||
2. ‘ivy-resume’ can resume the last completion session.
|
||
3. Customize ‘ivy-set-actions’, ‘ivy-re-builders-alist’.
|
||
4. Customize individual keymaps, such as ‘counsel-describe-map’,
|
||
‘counsel-git-grep-map’, or ‘counsel-find-file-map’, instead of
|
||
customizing ‘ivy-minibuffer-map’ that applies to all completion
|
||
sessions.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: API, Next: Variable Index, Prev: Commands, Up: Top
|
||
|
||
8 API
|
||
*****
|
||
|
||
The main (and only) entry point is the ‘ivy-read’ function. It takes
|
||
two required arguments and many optional arguments that can be passed by
|
||
a key. The optional ‘:action’ argument is highly recommended for
|
||
features such as multi-actions, non-exiting actions, ‘ivy-occur’ and
|
||
‘ivy-resume’.
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* Required arguments for ivy-read::
|
||
* Optional arguments for ivy-read::
|
||
* Example - counsel-describe-function::
|
||
* Example - counsel-locate::
|
||
* Example - ivy-read-with-extra-properties::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Required arguments for ivy-read, Next: Optional arguments for ivy-read, Up: API
|
||
|
||
8.1 Required arguments for ‘ivy-read’
|
||
=====================================
|
||
|
||
‘prompt’
|
||
........
|
||
|
||
A format string normally ending in a colon and a space.
|
||
|
||
‘%d’ anywhere in the string is replaced by the current number of
|
||
matching candidates. To use a literal ‘%’ character, escape it as
|
||
‘%%’. See also ‘ivy-count-format’.
|
||
|
||
‘collection’
|
||
............
|
||
|
||
Either a list of strings, a function, an alist or a hash table.
|
||
|
||
If a function, then it has to be compatible with ‘all-completions’.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Optional arguments for ivy-read, Next: Example - counsel-describe-function, Prev: Required arguments for ivy-read, Up: API
|
||
|
||
8.2 Optional arguments for ‘ivy-read’
|
||
=====================================
|
||
|
||
‘predicate’
|
||
...........
|
||
|
||
Is a function to filter the initial collection. It has to be
|
||
compatible with ‘all-completions’. Tip: most of the time, it’s
|
||
simpler to just apply this filter to the ‘collection’ argument
|
||
itself, e.g. ‘(cl-remove-if-not predicate collection)’.
|
||
|
||
‘require-match’
|
||
...............
|
||
|
||
When set to a non-nil value, input must match one of the
|
||
candidates. Custom input is not accepted.
|
||
|
||
‘initial-input’
|
||
...............
|
||
|
||
This string argument is included for compatibility with
|
||
‘completing-read’, which inserts it into the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
It’s recommended to use the ‘preselect’ argument instead of this.
|
||
|
||
‘history’
|
||
.........
|
||
|
||
Name of the symbol to store history. See ‘completing-read’.
|
||
|
||
‘preselect’
|
||
...........
|
||
|
||
When set to a string value, select the first candidate matching
|
||
this value.
|
||
|
||
When set to an integer value, select the candidate with that index
|
||
value.
|
||
|
||
Every time the input becomes empty, the item corresponding to to
|
||
‘preselect’ is selected.
|
||
|
||
‘keymap’
|
||
........
|
||
|
||
A keymap to be composed with ‘ivy-minibuffer-map’. This keymap has
|
||
priority over ‘ivy-minibuffer-map’ and can be modified at any later
|
||
stage.
|
||
|
||
‘update-fn’
|
||
...........
|
||
|
||
Is the function called each time the current candidate changes.
|
||
This function takes no arguments and is called in the minibuffer’s
|
||
‘post-command-hook’. See ‘swiper’ for an example usage.
|
||
|
||
‘sort’
|
||
......
|
||
|
||
When non-nil, use ‘ivy-sort-functions-alist’ to sort the collection
|
||
as long as the collection is not larger than ‘ivy-sort-max-size’.
|
||
|
||
‘action’
|
||
........
|
||
|
||
Is the function to call after selection. It takes a string
|
||
argument.
|
||
|
||
‘unwind’
|
||
........
|
||
|
||
Is the function to call before exiting completion. It takes no
|
||
arguments. This function is called even if the completion is
|
||
interrupted with ‘C-g’. See ‘swiper’ for an example usage.
|
||
|
||
‘re-builder’
|
||
............
|
||
|
||
Is a function that takes a string and returns a valid regex. See
|
||
‘Completion Styles’ for details.
|
||
|
||
‘matcher’
|
||
.........
|
||
|
||
Is a function that takes a regex string and a list of strings and
|
||
returns a list of strings matching the regex. Any ordinary Emacs
|
||
matching function will suffice, yet finely tuned matching functions
|
||
can be used. See ‘counsel-find-file’ for an example usage.
|
||
|
||
‘dynamic-collection’
|
||
....................
|
||
|
||
When non-nil, ‘collection’ will be used to dynamically generate the
|
||
candidates each time the input changes, instead of being used once
|
||
statically with ‘all-completions’ to generate a list of strings.
|
||
See ‘counsel-locate’ for an example usage.
|
||
|
||
‘caller’
|
||
........
|
||
|
||
Is a symbol that uniquely identifies the function that called
|
||
‘ivy-read’, which may be useful for further customizations.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Example - counsel-describe-function, Next: Example - counsel-locate, Prev: Optional arguments for ivy-read, Up: API
|
||
|
||
8.3 Example - ‘counsel-describe-function’
|
||
=========================================
|
||
|
||
This is a typical example of a function with a non-async collection,
|
||
which is a collection where all the strings in the collection are known
|
||
prior to any input from the user.
|
||
|
||
Only the first two arguments (along with ‘action’) are essential -
|
||
the rest of the arguments are for fine-tuning, and could be omitted.
|
||
|
||
The ‘action’ argument could also be omitted - but then ‘ivy-read’
|
||
would do nothing except returning the string result, which you could
|
||
later use yourself. However, it’s recommended that you use the ‘action’
|
||
argument.
|
||
|
||
(defun counsel-describe-function ()
|
||
"Forward to `describe-function'."
|
||
(interactive)
|
||
(ivy-read "Describe function: "
|
||
(let (cands)
|
||
(mapatoms
|
||
(lambda (x)
|
||
(when (fboundp x)
|
||
(push (symbol-name x) cands))))
|
||
cands)
|
||
:keymap counsel-describe-map
|
||
:preselect (ivy-thing-at-point)
|
||
:history 'counsel-describe-symbol-history
|
||
:require-match t
|
||
:sort t
|
||
:action (lambda (x)
|
||
(describe-function
|
||
(intern x)))
|
||
:caller 'counsel-describe-function))
|
||
|
||
Here are the interesting features of the above function, in the order
|
||
that they appear:
|
||
|
||
• The ‘prompt’ argument is a simple string ending in ": ".
|
||
• The ‘collection’ argument evaluates to a (large) list of strings.
|
||
• The ‘keymap’ argument is for a custom keymap to supplement
|
||
‘ivy-minibuffer-map’.
|
||
• The ‘preselect’ is provided by ‘ivy-thing-at-point’, which returns
|
||
a symbol near the point. Ivy then selects the first candidate from
|
||
the collection that matches this symbol. To select this
|
||
pre-selected candidate, a ‘RET’ will suffice. No further user
|
||
input is necessary.
|
||
• The ‘history’ argument is for keeping the history of this command
|
||
separate from the common history in ‘ivy-history’.
|
||
• The ‘require-match’ is set to ‘t’ since it doesn’t make sense to
|
||
call ‘describe-function’ on an un-interned symbol.
|
||
• The ‘sort’ argument is set to ‘t’ so choosing between similar
|
||
candidates becomes easier. Sometimes, the collection size will
|
||
exceed ‘ivy-sort-max-size’, which is 30000 by default. In that
|
||
case the sorting will not happen to avoid delays.
|
||
|
||
Adjust this variable to choose between sorting time and completion
|
||
start-up time.
|
||
• The ‘action’ argument calls ‘describe-function’ on the interned
|
||
selected candidate.
|
||
• The ‘caller’ argument identifies this completion session. This is
|
||
important, since with the collection being a list of strings and
|
||
not a function name, the only other way for ‘ivy-read’ to identify
|
||
"who’s calling" and to apply the appropriate customizations is to
|
||
examine ‘this-command’. But ‘this-command’ would be modified if
|
||
another command called ‘counsel-describe-function’.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Example - counsel-locate, Next: Example - ivy-read-with-extra-properties, Prev: Example - counsel-describe-function, Up: API
|
||
|
||
8.4 Example - ‘counsel-locate’
|
||
==============================
|
||
|
||
This is a typical example of a function with an async collection. Since
|
||
the collection function cannot pre-compute all the locatable files in
|
||
memory within reasonable limits (time or memory), it relies on user
|
||
input to filter the universe of possible candidates to a manageable size
|
||
while also continuing to search asynchronously for possible candidates.
|
||
Both the filtering and searching continues with each character change of
|
||
the input with rapid updates to the collection presented without idle
|
||
waiting times. This live update will continue as long as there are
|
||
likely candidates. Eventually updates to the minibuffer will stop after
|
||
user input, filtering, and searching have exhausted looking for possible
|
||
candidates.
|
||
|
||
Async collections suit long-running shell commands, such as ‘locate’.
|
||
With each new input, a new process starts while the old process is
|
||
killed. The collection is refreshed anew with each new process.
|
||
Meanwhile the user can provide more input characters (for further
|
||
narrowing) or select a candidate from the visible collection.
|
||
|
||
(defun counsel-locate-function (str)
|
||
(or
|
||
(counsel-more-chars)
|
||
(progn
|
||
(counsel--async-command
|
||
(format "locate %s '%s'"
|
||
(mapconcat #'identity counsel-locate-options " ")
|
||
(counsel-unquote-regex-parens
|
||
(ivy--regex str))))
|
||
'("" "working..."))))
|
||
|
||
;;;###autoload
|
||
(defun counsel-locate (&optional initial-input)
|
||
"Call the \"locate\" shell command.
|
||
INITIAL-INPUT can be given as the initial minibuffer input."
|
||
(interactive)
|
||
(ivy-read "Locate: " #'counsel-locate-function
|
||
:initial-input initial-input
|
||
:dynamic-collection t
|
||
:history 'counsel-locate-history
|
||
:action (lambda (file)
|
||
(with-ivy-window
|
||
(when file
|
||
(find-file file))))
|
||
:unwind #'counsel-delete-process
|
||
:caller 'counsel-locate))
|
||
|
||
Here are the interesting features of the above functions, in the
|
||
order that they appear:
|
||
|
||
• ‘counsel-locate-function’ takes a string argument and returns a
|
||
list of strings. Note that it’s not compatible with
|
||
‘all-completions’, but since we’re not using that here, might as
|
||
well use one argument instead of three.
|
||
• ‘counsel-more-chars’ is a simple function that returns e.g. ‘'("2
|
||
chars more")’ asking the user for more input.
|
||
• ‘counsel--async-command’ is a very easy API simplification that
|
||
takes a single string argument suitable for
|
||
‘shell-command-to-string’. So you could prototype your function as
|
||
non-async using ‘shell-command-to-string’ and ‘split-string’ to
|
||
produce a collection, then decide that you want async and simply
|
||
swap in ‘counsel--async-command’.
|
||
• ‘counsel-locate’ is an interactive function with an optional
|
||
‘initial-input’.
|
||
• ‘#'counsel-locate-function’ is passed as the ‘collection’ argument.
|
||
• ‘dynamic-collection’ is set to t, since this is an async
|
||
collection.
|
||
• ‘action’ argument uses ‘with-ivy-window’ wrapper, since we want to
|
||
open the selected file in the same window from which
|
||
‘counsel-locate’ was called.
|
||
• ‘unwind’ argument is set to ‘#'counsel-delete-process’: when we
|
||
press ‘C-g’ we want to kill the running process created by
|
||
‘counsel--async-command’.
|
||
• ‘caller’ argument identifies this command for easier customization.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Example - ivy-read-with-extra-properties, Prev: Example - counsel-locate, Up: API
|
||
|
||
8.5 Example - ‘ivy-read-with-extra-properties’
|
||
==============================================
|
||
|
||
This is another example to show how to associate additional values to
|
||
each displayed strings.
|
||
|
||
(defun find-candidates-function (str pred _)
|
||
(let ((props '(1 2))
|
||
(strs '("foo" "foo2")))
|
||
(cl-mapcar (lambda (s p) (propertize s 'property p))
|
||
strs
|
||
props)))
|
||
|
||
(defun find-candidates ()
|
||
(interactive)
|
||
(ivy-read "Find symbols: "
|
||
#'find-candidates-function
|
||
:action (lambda (x)
|
||
(message "Value: %s" (get-text-property 0 'property x)
|
||
))))
|
||
|
||
Here are the interesting features of the above function:
|
||
|
||
• ‘find-candidates-function’ builds up a list of strings and
|
||
associates "foo" with the value 1 and "foo2" with 2.
|
||
• ‘find-candidates’ is an interactive function.
|
||
• ‘#'find-candidates’ is passed as the ‘collection’ argument.
|
||
• ‘action’ gets passed the selected string with the associated value.
|
||
It then retrieves that value and displays it.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Variable Index, Next: Keystroke Index, Prev: API, Up: Top
|
||
|
||
Variable Index
|
||
**************
|
||
|
||
|