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1885 lines
69 KiB
Text
1885 lines
69 KiB
Text
This is ivy.info, produced by makeinfo version 6.1 from ivy.texi.
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Ivy manual, version 0.8.0
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Ivy is an interactive interface for completion in Emacs. Emacs uses
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completion mechanism in a variety of contexts: code, menus, commands,
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variables, functions, etc. Completion entails listing, sorting,
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filtering, previewing, and applying actions on selected items. When
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active, ‘ivy-mode’ completes the selection process by narrowing
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available choices while previewing in the minibuffer. Selecting the
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final candidate is either through simple keyboard character inputs or
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through powerful regular expressions.
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Copyright (C) 2015-2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
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document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
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Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software
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Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with the Front-Cover Texts
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being “A GNU Manual,” and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a)
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below. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled
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“GNU Free Documentation License.”
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(a) The FSF’s Back-Cover Text is: “You have the freedom to copy and
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modify this GNU manual.”
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INFO-DIR-SECTION Emacs
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START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
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* Ivy: (ivy). Using Ivy for completion.
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END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
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File: ivy.info, Node: Top, Next: Introduction, Up: (dir)
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Ivy User Manual
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***************
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* Menu:
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* Introduction::
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* Installation::
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* Getting started::
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* Key bindings::
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* Completion Styles::
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* Customization::
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* Commands::
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* API::
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* Variable Index::
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* Keystroke Index::
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— The Detailed Node Listing —
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Installation
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* Installing from Emacs Package Manager::
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* Installing from the Git repository::
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Getting started
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* Basic customization::
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Key bindings
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* Global key bindings::
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* Minibuffer key bindings::
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Minibuffer key bindings
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* Key bindings for navigation::
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* Key bindings for single selection, action, then exit minibuffer: Key bindings for single selection action then exit minibuffer.
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* Key bindings for multiple selections and actions, keep minibuffer open: Key bindings for multiple selections and actions keep minibuffer open.
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* Key bindings that alter the minibuffer input::
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* Other key bindings::
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* Hydra in the minibuffer::
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* Saving the current completion session to a buffer::
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Completion Styles
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* ivy--regex-plus::
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* ivy--regex-ignore-order::
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* ivy--regex-fuzzy::
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Customization
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* Faces::
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* Defcustoms::
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* Actions::
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* Packages::
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Actions
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* What are actions?::
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* How can different actions be called?::
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* How to modify the actions list?::
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* Example - add two actions to each command::
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* Example - define a new command with several actions::
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Example - add two actions to each command
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* How to undo adding the two actions::
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* How to add actions to a specific command::
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Example - define a new command with several actions
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* Test the above function with ivy-occur::
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Commands
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* File Name Completion::
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* Buffer Name Completion::
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* Counsel commands::
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File Name Completion
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* Using TRAMP::
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API
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* Required arguments for ivy-read::
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* Optional arguments for ivy-read::
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* Example - counsel-describe-function::
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* Example - counsel-locate::
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* Example - ivy-read-with-extra-properties::
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File: ivy.info, Node: Introduction, Next: Installation, Prev: Top, Up: Top
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1 Introduction
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**************
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Ivy is for quick and easy selection from a list. When Emacs prompts for
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a string from a list of several possible choices, Ivy springs into
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action to assist in narrowing and picking the right string from a vast
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number of choices.
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Ivy strives for minimalism, simplicity, customizability and
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discoverability.
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Minimalism
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..........
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Uncluttered minibuffer is minimalism. Ivy shows the completion
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defaults, the number of matches, and 10 candidate matches below the
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input line. Customize ‘ivy-height’ to adjust the number of
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candidate matches displayed in the minibuffer.
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Simplicity
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..........
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Simplicity is about Ivy’s behavior in the minibuffer. It is also
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about the code interface to extend Ivy’s functionality. The
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minibuffer area behaves as close to ‘fundamental-mode’ as possible.
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‘SPC’ inserts a space, for example, instead of being bound to the
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more complex ‘minibuffer-complete-word’. Ivy’s code uses
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easy-to-examine global variables; avoids needless complications
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with branch-introducing custom macros.
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Customizability
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...............
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Customizability is about being able to use different methods and
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interfaces of completion to tailor the selection process. For
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example, adding a custom display function that points to a selected
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candidate with ‘>’, instead of highlighting the selected candidate
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with the ‘ivy-current-match’ face (see ‘ivy-format-function’). Or
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take the customization of actions, say after the candidate function
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is selected. ‘RET’ uses ‘counsel-describe-function’ to describe
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the function, whereas ‘M-o d’ jumps to that function’s definition
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in the code. The ‘M-o’ prefix can be uniformly used with
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characters like ‘d’ to group similar actions.
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Discoverability
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...............
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Ivy displays easily discoverable commands through the hydra
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facility. ‘C-o’ in the minibuffer displays a hydra menu. It opens
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up within an expanded minibuffer area. Each menu item comes with
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short documentation strings and highlighted one-key completions.
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So discovering even seldom used keys is simply a matter of ‘C-o’ in
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the minibuffer while in the midst of the Ivy interaction. This
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discoverability minimizes exiting Ivy interface for documentation
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look-ups.
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File: ivy.info, Node: Installation, Next: Getting started, Prev: Introduction, Up: Top
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2 Installation
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**************
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Install Ivy automatically through Emacs’s package manager, or manually
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from Ivy’s development repository.
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Emacs 24.3 is the oldest version to run Ivy. Emacs 24.4 is the
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oldest version that runs Ivy with fancy faces display.
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* Menu:
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* Installing from Emacs Package Manager::
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* Installing from the Git repository::
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File: ivy.info, Node: Installing from Emacs Package Manager, Next: Installing from the Git repository, Up: Installation
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2.1 Installing from Emacs Package Manager
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=========================================
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‘M-x’ ‘package-install’ ‘RET’ ‘ivy’ ‘RET’
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Ivy is installed as part of ‘ivy’ package, which is available from
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two different package archives, GNU ELPA and MELPA. For the latest
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stable version, use the GNU ELPA archives using the above M-x command.
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For current hourly builds, use the MELPA archives. In MELPA, Ivy is
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split into three packages: ‘ivy’, ‘swiper’ and ‘counsel’; you can simply
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install ‘counsel’ which will bring in the other two as dependencies.
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See the code below for adding MELPA to the list of package archives:
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(require 'package)
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(add-to-list 'package-archives
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'("melpa" . "http://melpa.org/packages/"))
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After this do ‘M-x’ ‘package-refresh-contents’ ‘RET’, followed by
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‘M-x’ ‘package-install’ ‘RET’ ‘counsel’ ‘RET’.
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For package manager details, see *note (emacs)Packages::.
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File: ivy.info, Node: Installing from the Git repository, Prev: Installing from Emacs Package Manager, Up: Installation
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2.2 Installing from the Git repository
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======================================
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Why install from Git?
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.....................
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• No need to wait for MELPA’s hourly builds
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• Easy to revert to previous versions
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• Contribute to Ivy’s development; send patches; pull requests
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Configuration steps
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...................
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First clone the Swiper repository with:
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cd ~/git && git clone https://github.com/abo-abo/swiper
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cd swiper && make compile
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Second, add these lines to the Emacs init file:
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(add-to-list 'load-path "~/git/swiper/")
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(require 'ivy)
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Then, update the code with:
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git pull
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make
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File: ivy.info, Node: Getting started, Next: Key bindings, Prev: Installation, Up: Top
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3 Getting started
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*****************
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First enable Ivy completion everywhere:
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(ivy-mode 1)
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Note: ‘ivy-mode’ can be toggled on and off with ‘M-x’ ‘ivy-mode’.
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* Menu:
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* Basic customization::
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File: ivy.info, Node: Basic customization, Up: Getting started
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3.1 Basic customization
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=======================
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Here are some basic settings particularly useful for new Ivy users:
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(setq ivy-use-virtual-buffers t)
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(setq ivy-count-format "(%d/%d) ")
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If you want, you can go without any customizations at all. The above
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settings are the most bang for the buck in terms of customization. So
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users that typically don’t like customize a lot are advised to look at
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these settings first.
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For more advanced customizations, refer to ‘M-x describe-variable’
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documentation.
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File: ivy.info, Node: Key bindings, Next: Completion Styles, Prev: Getting started, Up: Top
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4 Key bindings
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**************
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* Menu:
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* Global key bindings::
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* Minibuffer key bindings::
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File: ivy.info, Node: Global key bindings, Next: Minibuffer key bindings, Up: Key bindings
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4.1 Global key bindings
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=======================
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The recommended key bindings are:
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Ivy-based interface to standard commands
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........................................
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-s") 'swiper)
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(global-set-key (kbd "M-x") 'counsel-M-x)
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-x C-f") 'counsel-find-file)
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(global-set-key (kbd "<f1> f") 'counsel-describe-function)
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(global-set-key (kbd "<f1> v") 'counsel-describe-variable)
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(global-set-key (kbd "<f1> l") 'counsel-find-library)
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(global-set-key (kbd "<f2> i") 'counsel-info-lookup-symbol)
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(global-set-key (kbd "<f2> u") 'counsel-unicode-char)
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Ivy-based interface to shell and system tools
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.............................................
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-c g") 'counsel-git)
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-c j") 'counsel-git-grep)
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-c k") 'counsel-ag)
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-x l") 'counsel-locate)
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-S-o") 'counsel-rhythmbox)
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Ivy-resume and other commands
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.............................
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‘ivy-resume’ resumes the last Ivy-based completion.
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(global-set-key (kbd "C-c C-r") 'ivy-resume)
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File: ivy.info, Node: Minibuffer key bindings, Prev: Global key bindings, Up: Key bindings
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4.2 Minibuffer key bindings
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===========================
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Ivy includes several minibuffer bindings, which are defined in the
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‘ivy-minibuffer-map’ keymap variable. The most frequently used ones are
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described here.
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‘swiper’ or ‘counsel-M-x’ add more key bindings through the ‘keymap’
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argument to ‘ivy-read’. These keys, also active in the minibuffer, are
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described under their respective commands.
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A key feature of ‘ivy-minibuffer-map’ is its full editing capability
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where the familiar ‘C-a’, ‘C-f’, ‘M-d’, ‘M-DEL’, ‘M-b’, ‘M-w’, ‘C-k’,
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‘C-y’ key bindings work the same as in ‘fundamental-mode’.
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* Menu:
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* Key bindings for navigation::
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* Key bindings for single selection, action, then exit minibuffer: Key bindings for single selection action then exit minibuffer.
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* Key bindings for multiple selections and actions, keep minibuffer open: Key bindings for multiple selections and actions keep minibuffer open.
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* Key bindings that alter the minibuffer input::
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* Other key bindings::
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* Hydra in the minibuffer::
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* Saving the current completion session to a buffer::
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File: ivy.info, Node: Key bindings for navigation, Next: Key bindings for single selection action then exit minibuffer, Up: Minibuffer key bindings
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4.2.1 Key bindings for navigation
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---------------------------------
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• ‘C-n’ (‘ivy-next-line’) selects the next candidate
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• ‘C-p’ (‘ivy-previous-line’) selects the previous candidate
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• ‘M-<’ (‘ivy-beginning-of-buffer’) selects the first candidate
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• ‘M->’ (‘ivy-end-of-buffer’) selects the last candidate
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• ‘C-v’ (‘ivy-scroll-up-command’) scrolls up by ‘ivy-height’ lines
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• ‘M-v’ (‘ivy-scroll-down-command’) scrolls down by ‘ivy-height’
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lines
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-- User Option: ivy-wrap
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Specifies the wrap-around behavior for ‘C-n’ and ‘C-p’. When
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‘ivy-wrap’ is set to ‘t’, ‘ivy-next-line’ and ‘ivy-previous-line’
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will cycle past the last and the first candidates respectively.
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Warp-around behavior is off by default.
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-- User Option: ivy-height
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Use this option to adjust the minibuffer height, which also affects
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scroll size when using ‘C-v’ and ‘M-v’ key bindings.
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‘ivy-height’ is 10 lines by default.
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File: ivy.info, Node: Key bindings for single selection action then exit minibuffer, Next: Key bindings for multiple selections and actions keep minibuffer open, Prev: Key bindings for navigation, Up: Minibuffer key bindings
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4.2.2 Key bindings for single selection, action, then exit minibuffer
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---------------------------------------------------------------------
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Ivy can offer several actions from which to choose which action to run.
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This "calling an action" operates on the selected candidate. For
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example, when viewing a list of files, one action could open it for
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editing, one to view it, another to invoke a special function, and so
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on. Custom actions can be added to this interface. The precise action
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to call on the selected candidate can be delayed until after the
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narrowing is completed. No need to exit the interface if unsure which
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action to run. This delayed flexibility and customization of actions
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extends usability of lists in Emacs.
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‘C-m’ or ‘RET’ (‘ivy-done’)
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...........................
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Calls the default action and then exits the minibuffer.
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‘M-o’ (‘ivy-dispatching-done’)
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..............................
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Presents valid actions from which to choose. When only one action
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is available, there is no difference between ‘M-o’ and ‘C-m’.
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‘C-j’ (‘ivy-alt-done’)
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......................
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When completing file names, selects the current directory candidate
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and starts a new completion session there. Otherwise, it is the
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same as ‘ivy-done’.
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‘TAB’ (‘ivy-partial-or-done’)
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.............................
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Attempts partial completion, extending current input as much as
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possible. ‘TAB TAB’ is the same as ‘C-j’ (‘ivy-alt-done’).
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Example ERT test:
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(should
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(equal (ivy-with
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'(progn
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(ivy-read "Test: " '("can do" "can't, sorry" "other"))
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ivy-text)
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"c <tab>")
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"can"))
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‘C-M-j’ (‘ivy-immediate-done’)
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..............................
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Exits with _the current input_ instead of _the current candidate_
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(like other commands).
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This is useful e.g. when you call ‘find-file’ to create a new
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file, but the desired name matches an existing file. In that case,
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using ‘C-j’ would select that existing file, which isn’t what you
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want - use this command instead.
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‘C-'’ (‘ivy-avy’)
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.................
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Uses avy to select one of the candidates on the current candidate
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page. This can often be faster than multiple ‘C-n’ or ‘C-p’
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keystrokes followed by ‘C-m’.
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File: ivy.info, Node: Key bindings for multiple selections and actions keep minibuffer open, Next: Key bindings that alter the minibuffer input, Prev: Key bindings for single selection action then exit minibuffer, Up: Minibuffer key bindings
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4.2.3 Key bindings for multiple selections and actions, keep minibuffer open
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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For repeatedly applying multiple actions or acting on multiple
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candidates, Ivy does not close the minibuffer between commands. It
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keeps the minibuffer open for applying subsequent actions.
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Adding an extra meta key to the normal key chord invokes the special
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version of the regular commands that enables applying multiple actions.
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‘C-M-m’ (‘ivy-call’)
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....................
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Is the non-exiting version of ‘C-m’ (‘ivy-done’).
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Instead of closing the minibuffer, ‘C-M-m’ allows selecting another
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candidate or another action. For example, ‘C-M-m’ on functions
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list invokes ‘describe-function’. When combined with ‘C-n’,
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function descriptions can be invoked quickly in succession.
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‘C-M-o’ (‘ivy-dispatching-call’)
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................................
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Is the non-exiting version of ‘M-o’ (‘ivy-dispatching-done’).
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For example, during the ‘counsel-rhythmbox’ completion, press
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‘C-M-o e’ to en-queue the selected candidate, followed by ‘C-n C-m’
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to play the next candidate - the current action reverts to the
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default one after ‘C-M-o’.
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‘C-M-n’ (‘ivy-next-line-and-call’)
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..................................
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Combines ‘C-n’ and ‘C-M-m’. Applies an action and moves to next
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line.
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Comes in handy when opening multiple files from
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‘counsel-find-file’, ‘counsel-git-grep’, ‘counsel-ag’,
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‘counsel-rg’, or ‘counsel-locate’ lists. Just hold ‘C-M-n’ for
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rapid-fire default action on each successive element of the list.
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‘C-M-p’ (‘ivy-previous-line-and-call’)
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......................................
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Combines ‘C-p’ and ‘C-M-m’.
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Similar to the above except it moves through the list in the other
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direction.
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‘ivy-resume’
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............
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Recalls the state of the completion session just before its last
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exit.
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Useful after an accidental ‘C-m’ (‘ivy-done’).
|
||
|
||
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File: ivy.info, Node: Key bindings that alter the minibuffer input, Next: Other key bindings, Prev: Key bindings for multiple selections and actions keep minibuffer open, Up: Minibuffer key bindings
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|
||
4.2.4 Key bindings that alter the minibuffer input
|
||
--------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
‘M-n’ (‘ivy-next-history-element’)
|
||
..................................
|
||
|
||
Cycles forward through the Ivy command history.
|
||
|
||
Ivy updates an internal history list after each action. When this
|
||
history list is empty, ‘M-n’ inserts symbol (or URL) at point into
|
||
the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
‘M-p’ (‘ivy-previous-history-element’)
|
||
......................................
|
||
|
||
Cycles forward through the Ivy command history.
|
||
|
||
‘M-i’ (‘ivy-insert-current’)
|
||
............................
|
||
|
||
Inserts the current candidate into the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
Useful for copying and renaming files, for example: ‘M-i’ to insert
|
||
the original file name string, edit it, and then ‘C-m’ to complete
|
||
the renaming.
|
||
|
||
‘M-j’ (‘ivy-yank-word’)
|
||
.......................
|
||
|
||
Inserts the sub-word at point into the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
This is similar to ‘C-s C-w’ with ‘isearch’. Ivy reserves ‘C-w’
|
||
for ‘kill-region’. See also ‘ivy-yank-symbol’ and ‘ivy-yank-char’.
|
||
|
||
‘S-SPC’ (‘ivy-restrict-to-matches’)
|
||
...................................
|
||
|
||
Deletes the current input, and resets the candidates list to the
|
||
currently restricted matches.
|
||
|
||
This is how Ivy provides narrowing in successive tiers.
|
||
|
||
‘C-r’ (‘ivy-reverse-i-search’)
|
||
..............................
|
||
|
||
Starts a recursive completion session through the command’s
|
||
history.
|
||
|
||
This works just like ‘C-r’ at the bash command prompt, where the
|
||
completion candidates are the history items. Upon completion, the
|
||
selected candidate string is inserted into the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Other key bindings, Next: Hydra in the minibuffer, Prev: Key bindings that alter the minibuffer input, Up: Minibuffer key bindings
|
||
|
||
4.2.5 Other key bindings
|
||
------------------------
|
||
|
||
‘M-w’ (‘ivy-kill-ring-save’)
|
||
............................
|
||
|
||
Copies selected candidates to the kill ring.
|
||
|
||
Copies the region if the region is active.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Hydra in the minibuffer, Next: Saving the current completion session to a buffer, Prev: Other key bindings, Up: Minibuffer key bindings
|
||
|
||
4.2.6 Hydra in the minibuffer
|
||
-----------------------------
|
||
|
||
‘C-o’ (‘hydra-ivy/body’)
|
||
........................
|
||
|
||
Invokes the hydra menu with short key bindings.
|
||
|
||
When Hydra is active, minibuffer editing is disabled and menus
|
||
display short aliases:
|
||
|
||
Short Normal Command name
|
||
------------------------------------------------
|
||
‘o’ ‘C-g’ ‘keyboard-escape-quit’
|
||
‘j’ ‘C-n’ ‘ivy-next-line’
|
||
‘k’ ‘C-p’ ‘ivy-previous-line’
|
||
‘h’ ‘M-<’ ‘ivy-beginning-of-buffer’
|
||
‘l’ ‘M->’ ‘ivy-end-of-buffer’
|
||
‘d’ ‘C-m’ ‘ivy-done’
|
||
‘f’ ‘C-j’ ‘ivy-alt-done’
|
||
‘g’ ‘C-M-m’ ‘ivy-call’
|
||
‘u’ ‘C-c C-o’ ‘ivy-occur’
|
||
|
||
Hydra reduces key strokes, for example: ‘C-n C-n C-n C-n’ is ‘C-o
|
||
jjjj’ in Hydra.
|
||
|
||
Hydra menu offers these additional bindings:
|
||
|
||
‘c’ (‘ivy-toggle-calling’)
|
||
..........................
|
||
|
||
Toggle calling the action after each candidate change. It modifies
|
||
‘j’ to ‘jg’, ‘k’ to ‘kg’ etc.
|
||
|
||
‘m’ (‘ivy-rotate-preferred-builders’)
|
||
.....................................
|
||
|
||
Rotate the current regexp matcher.
|
||
|
||
‘>’ (‘ivy-minibuffer-grow’)
|
||
...........................
|
||
|
||
Increase ‘ivy-height’ for the current minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
‘<’ (‘ivy-minibuffer-shrink’)
|
||
.............................
|
||
|
||
Decrease ‘ivy-height’ for the current minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
‘w’ (‘ivy-prev-action’)
|
||
.......................
|
||
|
||
Select the previous action.
|
||
|
||
‘s’ (‘ivy-next-action’)
|
||
.......................
|
||
|
||
Select the next action.
|
||
|
||
‘a’ (‘ivy-read-action’)
|
||
.......................
|
||
|
||
Use a menu to select an action.
|
||
|
||
‘C’ (‘ivy-toggle-case-fold’)
|
||
............................
|
||
|
||
Toggle case folding (match both upper and lower case characters for
|
||
lower case input).
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Saving the current completion session to a buffer, Prev: Hydra in the minibuffer, Up: Minibuffer key bindings
|
||
|
||
4.2.7 Saving the current completion session to a buffer
|
||
-------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
‘C-c C-o’ (‘ivy-occur’)
|
||
.......................
|
||
|
||
Saves the current candidates to a new buffer and exits completion.
|
||
|
||
The new buffer is read-only and has a few useful bindings defined.
|
||
|
||
‘RET’ or ‘f’ (‘ivy-occur-press’)
|
||
................................
|
||
|
||
Call the current action on the selected candidate.
|
||
|
||
‘mouse-1’ (‘ivy-occur-click’)
|
||
.............................
|
||
|
||
Call the current action on the selected candidate.
|
||
|
||
‘j’ (‘next-line’)
|
||
.................
|
||
|
||
Move to next line.
|
||
|
||
‘k’ (‘previous-line’)
|
||
.....................
|
||
|
||
Move to previous line.
|
||
|
||
‘a’ (‘ivy-occur-read-action’)
|
||
.............................
|
||
|
||
Read an action and make it current for this buffer.
|
||
|
||
‘o’ (‘ivy-occur-dispatch’)
|
||
..........................
|
||
|
||
Read an action and call it on the selected candidate.
|
||
|
||
‘q’ (‘quit-window’)
|
||
...................
|
||
|
||
Bury the current buffer.
|
||
|
||
Ivy has no limit on the number of active buffers like these.
|
||
|
||
Ivy takes care of naming buffers uniquely by constructing descriptive
|
||
names. For example: ‘*ivy-occur counsel-describe-variable "function$*’.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Completion Styles, Next: Customization, Prev: Key bindings, Up: Top
|
||
|
||
5 Completion Styles
|
||
*******************
|
||
|
||
Ivy’s completion functions rely on a regex builder - a function that
|
||
transforms a string input to a string regex. All current candidates
|
||
simply have to match this regex. Each collection can be assigned its
|
||
own regex builder by customizing ‘ivy-re-builders-alist’.
|
||
|
||
The keys of this alist are collection names, and the values are one
|
||
of the following:
|
||
• ‘ivy--regex’
|
||
• ‘ivy--regex-plus’
|
||
• ‘ivy--regex-ignore-order’
|
||
• ‘ivy--regex-fuzzy’
|
||
• ‘regexp-quote’
|
||
|
||
A catch-all key, ‘t’, applies to all collections that don’t have
|
||
their own key.
|
||
|
||
The default is:
|
||
|
||
(setq ivy-re-builders-alist
|
||
'((t . ivy--regex-plus)))
|
||
|
||
This example shows a custom regex builder assigned to file name
|
||
completion:
|
||
|
||
(setq ivy-re-builders-alist
|
||
'((read-file-name-internal . ivy--regex-fuzzy)
|
||
(t . ivy--regex-plus)))
|
||
|
||
Here, ‘read-file-name-internal’ is a function that is passed as the
|
||
second argument to ‘completing-read’ for file name completion.
|
||
|
||
The regex builder resolves as follows (in order of priority):
|
||
1. ‘re-builder’ argument passed to ‘ivy-read’.
|
||
2. ‘collection’ argument passed to ‘ivy-read’ is a function and has an
|
||
entry on ‘ivy-re-builders-alist’.
|
||
3. ‘caller’ argument passed to ‘ivy-read’ has an entry on
|
||
‘ivy-re-builders-alist’.
|
||
4. ‘this-command’ has an entry on ‘ivy-re-builders-alist’.
|
||
5. ‘t’ has an entry on ‘ivy-re-builders-alist’.
|
||
6. ‘ivy--regex’.
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* ivy--regex-plus::
|
||
* ivy--regex-ignore-order::
|
||
* ivy--regex-fuzzy::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: ivy--regex-plus, Next: ivy--regex-ignore-order, Up: Completion Styles
|
||
|
||
5.1 ivy–regex-plus
|
||
==================
|
||
|
||
‘ivy--regex-plus’ is Ivy’s default completion method.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy--regex-plus’ matches by splitting the input by spaces and
|
||
rebuilding it into a regex.
|
||
|
||
As the search string is typed in Ivy’s minibuffer, it is transformed
|
||
into valid regex syntax. If the string is ‘"for example"’, it is
|
||
transformed into
|
||
|
||
"\\(for\\).*\\(example\\)"
|
||
|
||
which in regex terminology matches ‘"for"’ followed by a wild card
|
||
and then ‘"example"’. Note how Ivy uses the space character to build
|
||
wild cards. To match a literal white space, use an extra space. So to
|
||
match one space type two spaces, to match two spaces type three spaces,
|
||
and so on.
|
||
|
||
As Ivy transforms typed characters into regex strings, it provides an
|
||
intuitive feedback through font highlights.
|
||
|
||
Ivy supports regexp negation with ‘"!"’. For example, ‘"define key !
|
||
ivy quit"’ first selects everything matching ‘"define.*key"’, then
|
||
removes everything matching ‘"ivy"’, and finally removes everything
|
||
matching ‘"quit"’. What remains is the final result set of the negation
|
||
regexp.
|
||
|
||
Since Ivy treats minibuffer input as a regexp, the standard regexp
|
||
identifiers work: ‘"^"’, ‘"$"’, ‘"\b"’ or ‘"[a-z]"’. The exceptions are
|
||
spaces, which translate to ‘".*"’, and ‘"!"’ that signal the beginning
|
||
of a negation group.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: ivy--regex-ignore-order, Next: ivy--regex-fuzzy, Prev: ivy--regex-plus, Up: Completion Styles
|
||
|
||
5.2 ivy–regex-ignore-order
|
||
==========================
|
||
|
||
‘ivy--regex-ignore-order’ ignores the order of regexp tokens when
|
||
searching for matching candidates. For instance, the input ‘"for
|
||
example"’ will match ‘"example test for"’.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: ivy--regex-fuzzy, Prev: ivy--regex-ignore-order, Up: Completion Styles
|
||
|
||
5.3 ivy–regex-fuzzy
|
||
===================
|
||
|
||
‘ivy--regex-fuzzy’ splits each character with a wild card. Searching
|
||
for ‘"for"’ returns all ‘"f.*o.*r"’ matches, resulting in a large number
|
||
of hits. Yet some searches need these extra hits. Ivy sorts such large
|
||
lists using ‘flx’ package’s scoring mechanism, if it’s installed.
|
||
|
||
‘C-o m’ toggles the current regexp builder.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Customization, Next: Commands, Prev: Completion Styles, Up: Top
|
||
|
||
6 Customization
|
||
***************
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* Faces::
|
||
* Defcustoms::
|
||
* Actions::
|
||
* Packages::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Faces, Next: Defcustoms, Up: Customization
|
||
|
||
6.1 Faces
|
||
=========
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-current-match’
|
||
...................
|
||
|
||
Highlights the currently selected candidate.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-minibuffer-match-face-1’
|
||
.............................
|
||
|
||
Highlights the background of the match.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-minibuffer-match-face-2’
|
||
.............................
|
||
|
||
Highlights the first (modulo 3) matched group.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-minibuffer-match-face-3’
|
||
.............................
|
||
|
||
Highlights the second (modulo 3) matched group.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-minibuffer-match-face-4’
|
||
.............................
|
||
|
||
Highlights the third (modulo 3) matched group.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-confirm-face’
|
||
..................
|
||
|
||
Highlights the "(confirm)" part of the prompt.
|
||
|
||
When ‘confirm-nonexistent-file-or-buffer’ set to ‘t’, then
|
||
confirming non-existent files in ‘ivy-mode’ requires an additional
|
||
‘RET’.
|
||
|
||
The confirmation prompt will use this face.
|
||
|
||
For example:
|
||
|
||
(setq confirm-nonexistent-file-or-buffer t)
|
||
|
||
Then call ‘find-file’, enter "eldorado" and press ‘RET’ - the
|
||
prompt will be appended with "(confirm)". Press ‘RET’ once more to
|
||
confirm, or any key to continue the completion.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-match-required-face’
|
||
.........................
|
||
|
||
Highlights the "(match required)" part of the prompt.
|
||
|
||
When completions have to match available candidates and cannot take
|
||
random input, the "(match required)" prompt signals this
|
||
constraint.
|
||
|
||
For example, call ‘describe-variable’, enter "waldo" and press
|
||
‘RET’ - "(match required)" is prompted. Press any key for the
|
||
prompt to disappear.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-subdir’
|
||
............
|
||
|
||
Highlights directories when completing file names.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-remote’
|
||
............
|
||
|
||
Highlights remote files when completing file names.
|
||
|
||
‘ivy-virtual’
|
||
.............
|
||
|
||
Highlights virtual buffers when completing buffer names.
|
||
|
||
Virtual buffers correspond to bookmarks and recent files list,
|
||
‘recentf’.
|
||
|
||
Enable virtual buffers with:
|
||
|
||
(setq ivy-use-virtual-buffers t)
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Defcustoms, Next: Actions, Prev: Faces, Up: Customization
|
||
|
||
6.2 Defcustoms
|
||
==============
|
||
|
||
-- User Option: ivy-count-format
|
||
A string that specifies display of number of candidates and current
|
||
candidate, if one exists.
|
||
|
||
The number of matching candidates by default is shown as a right-
|
||
padded integer value.
|
||
|
||
To disable showing the number of candidates:
|
||
|
||
(setq ivy-count-format "")
|
||
|
||
To also display the current candidate:
|
||
|
||
(setq ivy-count-format "(%d/%d) ")
|
||
|
||
The ‘format’-style switches this variable uses are described in the
|
||
‘format’ documentation.
|
||
|
||
-- User Option: ivy-display-style
|
||
Specifies highlighting candidates in the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
The default setting is ‘'fancy’ in Emacs versions 24.4 or newer.
|
||
|
||
Set ‘ivy-display-style’ to ‘nil’ for a plain minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
-- User Option: ivy-on-del-error-function
|
||
Specifies what to do when ‘DEL’ (‘ivy-backward-delete-char’) fails.
|
||
|
||
This is usually the case when there is no text left to delete,
|
||
i.e., when ‘DEL’ is typed at the beginning of the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
The default behavior is to quit the completion after ‘DEL’ – a
|
||
handy key to invoke after mistakenly triggering a completion.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Actions, Next: Packages, Prev: Defcustoms, Up: Customization
|
||
|
||
6.3 Actions
|
||
===========
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* What are actions?::
|
||
* How can different actions be called?::
|
||
* How to modify the actions list?::
|
||
* Example - add two actions to each command::
|
||
* Example - define a new command with several actions::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: What are actions?, Next: How can different actions be called?, Up: Actions
|
||
|
||
6.3.1 What are actions?
|
||
-----------------------
|
||
|
||
An action is a function that is called after you select a candidate
|
||
during completion. This function takes a single string argument, which
|
||
is the selected candidate.
|
||
|
||
Window context when calling an action
|
||
.....................................
|
||
|
||
Currently, the action is executed in the minibuffer window context.
|
||
This means e.g. that if you call ‘insert’ the text will be
|
||
inserted into the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
If you want to execute the action in the initial window from which
|
||
the completion started, use the ‘with-ivy-window’ wrapper macro.
|
||
|
||
(defun ivy-insert-action (x)
|
||
(with-ivy-window
|
||
(insert x)))
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: How can different actions be called?, Next: How to modify the actions list?, Prev: What are actions?, Up: Actions
|
||
|
||
6.3.2 How can different actions be called?
|
||
------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
• ‘C-m’ (‘ivy-done’) calls the current action.
|
||
• ‘M-o’ (‘ivy-dispatching-done’) presents available actions for
|
||
selection, calls it after selection, and then exits.
|
||
• ‘C-M-o’ (‘ivy-dispatching-call’) presents available actions for
|
||
selection, calls it after selection, and then does not exit.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: How to modify the actions list?, Next: Example - add two actions to each command, Prev: How can different actions be called?, Up: Actions
|
||
|
||
6.3.3 How to modify the actions list?
|
||
-------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
Currently, you can append any amount of your own actions to the default
|
||
list of actions. This can be done either for a specific command, or for
|
||
all commands at once.
|
||
|
||
Usually, the command has only one default action. The convention is
|
||
to use single letters when selecting a command, and the letter ‘o’ is
|
||
designated for the default command. This way, ‘M-o o’ should be always
|
||
equivalent to ‘C-m’.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Example - add two actions to each command, Next: Example - define a new command with several actions, Prev: How to modify the actions list?, Up: Actions
|
||
|
||
6.3.4 Example - add two actions to each command
|
||
-----------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
The first action inserts the current candidate into the Ivy window - the
|
||
window from which ‘ivy-read’ was called.
|
||
|
||
The second action copies the current candidate to the kill ring.
|
||
|
||
(defun ivy-yank-action (x)
|
||
(kill-new x))
|
||
|
||
(defun ivy-copy-to-buffer-action (x)
|
||
(with-ivy-window
|
||
(insert x)))
|
||
|
||
(ivy-set-actions
|
||
t
|
||
'(("i" ivy-copy-to-buffer-action "insert")
|
||
("y" ivy-yank-action "yank")))
|
||
|
||
Then in any completion session, ‘M-o y’ invokes ‘ivy-yank-action’,
|
||
and ‘M-o i’ invokes ‘ivy-copy-to-buffer-action’.
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* How to undo adding the two actions::
|
||
* How to add actions to a specific command::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: How to undo adding the two actions, Next: How to add actions to a specific command, Up: Example - add two actions to each command
|
||
|
||
6.3.4.1 How to undo adding the two actions
|
||
..........................................
|
||
|
||
Since ‘ivy-set-actions’ modifies the internal dictionary with new data,
|
||
set the extra actions list to ‘nil’ by assigning ‘nil’ value to the ‘t’
|
||
key as follows:
|
||
|
||
(ivy-set-actions t nil)
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: How to add actions to a specific command, Prev: How to undo adding the two actions, Up: Example - add two actions to each command
|
||
|
||
6.3.4.2 How to add actions to a specific command
|
||
................................................
|
||
|
||
Use the command name as the key:
|
||
|
||
(ivy-set-actions
|
||
'swiper
|
||
'(("i" ivy-copy-to-buffer-action "insert")
|
||
("y" ivy-yank-action "yank")))
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Example - define a new command with several actions, Prev: Example - add two actions to each command, Up: Actions
|
||
|
||
6.3.5 Example - define a new command with several actions
|
||
---------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
(defun my-action-1 (x)
|
||
(message "action-1: %s" x))
|
||
|
||
(defun my-action-2 (x)
|
||
(message "action-2: %s" x))
|
||
|
||
(defun my-action-3 (x)
|
||
(message "action-3: %s" x))
|
||
|
||
(defun my-command-with-3-actions ()
|
||
(interactive)
|
||
(ivy-read "test: " '("foo" "bar" "baz")
|
||
:action '(1
|
||
("o" my-action-1 "action 1")
|
||
("j" my-action-2 "action 2")
|
||
("k" my-action-3 "action 3"))))
|
||
|
||
The number 1 above is the index of the default action. Each action
|
||
has its own string description for easy selection.
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* Test the above function with ivy-occur::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Test the above function with ivy-occur, Up: Example - define a new command with several actions
|
||
|
||
6.3.5.1 Test the above function with ‘ivy-occur’
|
||
................................................
|
||
|
||
To examine each action with each candidate in a key-efficient way, try:
|
||
|
||
• Call ‘my-command-with-3-actions’
|
||
• Press ‘C-c C-o’ to close the completion window and move to an
|
||
ivy-occur buffer
|
||
• Press ‘kkk’ to move to the first candidate, since the point is most
|
||
likely at the end of the buffer
|
||
• Press ‘oo’ to call the first action
|
||
• Press ‘oj’ and ‘ok’ to call the second and the third actions
|
||
• Press ‘j’ to move to the next candidate
|
||
• Press ‘oo’, ‘oj’, ‘ok’
|
||
• Press ‘j’ to move to the next candidate
|
||
• and so on...
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Packages, Prev: Actions, Up: Customization
|
||
|
||
6.4 Packages
|
||
============
|
||
|
||
‘org-mode’
|
||
..........
|
||
|
||
‘org-mode’ versions 8.3.3 or later obey ‘completing-read-function’
|
||
(which ‘ivy-mode’ sets). Try refiling headings with similar names
|
||
to appreciate ‘ivy-mode’.
|
||
|
||
‘magit’
|
||
.......
|
||
|
||
Magit requires this setting for ivy completion:
|
||
|
||
(setq magit-completing-read-function 'ivy-completing-read)
|
||
|
||
‘find-file-in-project’
|
||
......................
|
||
|
||
It uses ivy by default if Ivy is installed.
|
||
|
||
‘projectile’
|
||
............
|
||
|
||
Projectile requires this setting for ivy completion:
|
||
|
||
(setq projectile-completion-system 'ivy)
|
||
|
||
‘helm-make’
|
||
...........
|
||
|
||
Helm-make requires this setting for ivy completion.
|
||
|
||
(setq helm-make-completion-method 'ivy)
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Commands, Next: API, Prev: Customization, Up: Top
|
||
|
||
7 Commands
|
||
**********
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* File Name Completion::
|
||
* Buffer Name Completion::
|
||
* Counsel commands::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: File Name Completion, Next: Buffer Name Completion, Up: Commands
|
||
|
||
7.1 File Name Completion
|
||
========================
|
||
|
||
Since file name completion is ubiquitous, Ivy provides extra bindings
|
||
that work here:
|
||
|
||
‘C-j’ (‘ivy-alt-done’)
|
||
......................
|
||
|
||
On a directory, restarts completion from that directory.
|
||
|
||
On a file or ‘./’, exit completion with the selected candidate.
|
||
|
||
‘DEL’ (‘ivy-backward-delete-char’)
|
||
..................................
|
||
|
||
Restart the completion in the parent directory if current input is
|
||
empty.
|
||
|
||
‘//’ (‘self-insert-command’)
|
||
............................
|
||
|
||
Switch to the root directory.
|
||
|
||
‘~’ (‘self-insert-command’)
|
||
...........................
|
||
|
||
Switch to the home directory.
|
||
|
||
‘/’ (‘self-insert-command’)
|
||
...........................
|
||
|
||
If the current input matches an existing directory name exactly,
|
||
switch the completion to that directory.
|
||
|
||
‘M-r’ (‘ivy-toggle-regexp-quote’)
|
||
.................................
|
||
|
||
Toggle between input as regexp or not.
|
||
|
||
Switch to matching literally since file names include ‘.’, which is
|
||
for matching any char in regexp mode.
|
||
-- User Option: ivy-extra-directories
|
||
Decide if you want to see ‘../’ and ‘./’ during file name
|
||
completion.
|
||
|
||
Reason to remove: ‘../’ is the same as ‘DEL’.
|
||
|
||
Reason not to remove: navigate anywhere with only ‘C-n’, ‘C-p’ and
|
||
‘C-j’.
|
||
|
||
Likewise, ‘./’ can be removed.
|
||
|
||
History
|
||
.......
|
||
|
||
File history works the same with ‘M-p’, ‘M-n’, and ‘C-r’, but uses
|
||
a custom code for file name completion that cycles through files
|
||
previously opened. It also works with TRAMP files.
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* Using TRAMP::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Using TRAMP, Up: File Name Completion
|
||
|
||
7.1.1 Using TRAMP
|
||
-----------------
|
||
|
||
From any directory, with the empty input, inputting ‘/ssh:’ and pressing
|
||
‘C-j’ (or ‘RET’, which is the same thing) completes for host and user
|
||
names.
|
||
|
||
For ‘/ssh:user@’ input, completes the domain name.
|
||
|
||
‘C-i’ works in a similar way to the default completion.
|
||
|
||
You can also get sudo access for the current directory by inputting
|
||
‘/sudo::’ ‘RET’. Using ‘/sudo:’ (i.e. single colon instead of double)
|
||
will result in a completion session for the desired user.
|
||
|
||
Multi-hopping is possible, although a bit complex.
|
||
|
||
Example : connect to a remote host ‘cloud’ and open a file with ‘sudo’ there
|
||
............................................................................
|
||
|
||
• ‘C-x C-f’ ‘/ssh:cloud|sudo:root:/’.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Buffer Name Completion, Next: Counsel commands, Prev: File Name Completion, Up: Commands
|
||
|
||
7.2 Buffer Name Completion
|
||
==========================
|
||
|
||
-- User Option: ivy-use-virtual-buffers
|
||
When non-nil, add ‘recentf-mode’ and bookmarks to
|
||
‘ivy-switch-buffer’ completion candidates.
|
||
|
||
Adding this to Emacs init file:
|
||
|
||
(setq ivy-use-virtual-buffers t)
|
||
will add additional virtual buffers to the buffers list for recent
|
||
files. Selecting such virtual buffers, which are highlighted with
|
||
‘ivy-virtual’ face, will open the corresponding file.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Counsel commands, Prev: Buffer Name Completion, Up: Commands
|
||
|
||
7.3 Counsel commands
|
||
====================
|
||
|
||
The main advantages of ‘counsel-’ functions over their basic equivalents
|
||
in ‘ivy-mode’ are:
|
||
|
||
1. Multi-actions and non-exiting actions work.
|
||
2. ‘ivy-resume’ can resume the last completion session.
|
||
3. Customize ‘ivy-set-actions’, ‘ivy-re-builders-alist’.
|
||
4. Customize individual keymaps, such as ‘counsel-describe-map’,
|
||
‘counsel-git-grep-map’, or ‘counsel-find-file-map’, instead of
|
||
customizing ‘ivy-minibuffer-map’ that applies to all completion
|
||
sessions.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: API, Next: Variable Index, Prev: Commands, Up: Top
|
||
|
||
8 API
|
||
*****
|
||
|
||
The main (and only) entry point is the ‘ivy-read’ function. It takes
|
||
two required arguments and many optional arguments that can be passed by
|
||
a key. The optional ‘:action’ argument is highly recommended for
|
||
features such as multi-actions, non-exiting actions, ‘ivy-occur’ and
|
||
‘ivy-resume’.
|
||
|
||
* Menu:
|
||
|
||
* Required arguments for ivy-read::
|
||
* Optional arguments for ivy-read::
|
||
* Example - counsel-describe-function::
|
||
* Example - counsel-locate::
|
||
* Example - ivy-read-with-extra-properties::
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Required arguments for ivy-read, Next: Optional arguments for ivy-read, Up: API
|
||
|
||
8.1 Required arguments for ‘ivy-read’
|
||
=====================================
|
||
|
||
‘prompt’
|
||
........
|
||
|
||
A format string normally ending in a colon and a space.
|
||
|
||
‘%d’ anywhere in the string is replaced by the current number of
|
||
matching candidates. To use a literal ‘%’ character, escape it as
|
||
‘%%’. See also ‘ivy-count-format’.
|
||
|
||
‘collection’
|
||
............
|
||
|
||
Either a list of strings, a function, an alist or a hash table.
|
||
|
||
If a function, then it has to be compatible with ‘all-completions’.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Optional arguments for ivy-read, Next: Example - counsel-describe-function, Prev: Required arguments for ivy-read, Up: API
|
||
|
||
8.2 Optional arguments for ‘ivy-read’
|
||
=====================================
|
||
|
||
‘predicate’
|
||
...........
|
||
|
||
Is a function to filter the initial collection. It has to be
|
||
compatible with ‘all-completions’. Tip: most of the time, it’s
|
||
simpler to just apply this filter to the ‘collection’ argument
|
||
itself, e.g. ‘(cl-remove-if-not predicate collection)’.
|
||
|
||
‘require-match’
|
||
...............
|
||
|
||
When set to a non-nil value, input must match one of the
|
||
candidates. Custom input is not accepted.
|
||
|
||
‘initial-input’
|
||
...............
|
||
|
||
This string argument is included for compatibility with
|
||
‘completing-read’, which inserts it into the minibuffer.
|
||
|
||
It’s recommended to use the ‘preselect’ argument instead of this.
|
||
|
||
‘history’
|
||
.........
|
||
|
||
Name of the symbol to store history. See ‘completing-read’.
|
||
|
||
‘preselect’
|
||
...........
|
||
|
||
When set to a string value, select the first candidate matching
|
||
this value.
|
||
|
||
When set to an integer value, select the candidate with that index
|
||
value.
|
||
|
||
Every time the input becomes empty, the item corresponding to to
|
||
‘preselect’ is selected.
|
||
|
||
‘keymap’
|
||
........
|
||
|
||
A keymap to be composed with ‘ivy-minibuffer-map’. This keymap has
|
||
priority over ‘ivy-minibuffer-map’ and can be modified at any later
|
||
stage.
|
||
|
||
‘update-fn’
|
||
...........
|
||
|
||
Is the function called each time the current candidate changes.
|
||
This function takes no arguments and is called in the minibuffer’s
|
||
‘post-command-hook’. See ‘swiper’ for an example usage.
|
||
|
||
‘sort’
|
||
......
|
||
|
||
When non-nil, use ‘ivy-sort-functions-alist’ to sort the collection
|
||
as long as the collection is not larger than ‘ivy-sort-max-size’.
|
||
|
||
‘action’
|
||
........
|
||
|
||
Is the function to call after selection. It takes a string
|
||
argument.
|
||
|
||
‘unwind’
|
||
........
|
||
|
||
Is the function to call before exiting completion. It takes no
|
||
arguments. This function is called even if the completion is
|
||
interrupted with ‘C-g’. See ‘swiper’ for an example usage.
|
||
|
||
‘re-builder’
|
||
............
|
||
|
||
Is a function that takes a string and returns a valid regex. See
|
||
‘Completion Styles’ for details.
|
||
|
||
‘matcher’
|
||
.........
|
||
|
||
Is a function that takes a regex string and a list of strings and
|
||
returns a list of strings matching the regex. Any ordinary Emacs
|
||
matching function will suffice, yet finely tuned matching functions
|
||
can be used. See ‘counsel-find-file’ for an example usage.
|
||
|
||
‘dynamic-collection’
|
||
....................
|
||
|
||
When non-nil, ‘collection’ will be used to dynamically generate the
|
||
candidates each time the input changes, instead of being used once
|
||
statically with ‘all-completions’ to generate a list of strings.
|
||
See ‘counsel-locate’ for an example usage.
|
||
|
||
‘caller’
|
||
........
|
||
|
||
Is a symbol that uniquely identifies the function that called
|
||
‘ivy-read’, which may be useful for further customizations.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Example - counsel-describe-function, Next: Example - counsel-locate, Prev: Optional arguments for ivy-read, Up: API
|
||
|
||
8.3 Example - ‘counsel-describe-function’
|
||
=========================================
|
||
|
||
This is a typical example of a function with a non-async collection,
|
||
which is a collection where all the strings in the collection are known
|
||
prior to any input from the user.
|
||
|
||
Only the first two arguments (along with ‘action’) are essential -
|
||
the rest of the arguments are for fine-tuning, and could be omitted.
|
||
|
||
The ‘action’ argument could also be omitted - but then ‘ivy-read’
|
||
would do nothing except returning the string result, which you could
|
||
later use yourself. However, it’s recommended that you use the ‘action’
|
||
argument.
|
||
|
||
(defun counsel-describe-function ()
|
||
"Forward to `describe-function'."
|
||
(interactive)
|
||
(ivy-read "Describe function: "
|
||
(let (cands)
|
||
(mapatoms
|
||
(lambda (x)
|
||
(when (fboundp x)
|
||
(push (symbol-name x) cands))))
|
||
cands)
|
||
:keymap counsel-describe-map
|
||
:preselect (counsel-symbol-at-point)
|
||
:history 'counsel-describe-symbol-history
|
||
:require-match t
|
||
:sort t
|
||
:action (lambda (x)
|
||
(describe-function
|
||
(intern x)))
|
||
:caller 'counsel-describe-function))
|
||
|
||
Here are the interesting features of the above function, in the order
|
||
that they appear:
|
||
|
||
• The ‘prompt’ argument is a simple string ending in ": ".
|
||
• The ‘collection’ argument evaluates to a (large) list of strings.
|
||
• The ‘keymap’ argument is for a custom keymap to supplement
|
||
‘ivy-minibuffer-map’.
|
||
• The ‘preselect’ is provided by ‘counsel-symbol-at-point’, which
|
||
returns a symbol near the point. Ivy then selects the first
|
||
candidate from the collection that matches this symbol. To select
|
||
this pre-selected candidate, a ‘RET’ will suffice. No further user
|
||
input is necessary.
|
||
• The ‘history’ argument is for keeping the history of this command
|
||
separate from the common history in ‘ivy-history’.
|
||
• The ‘require-match’ is set to ‘t’ since it doesn’t make sense to
|
||
call ‘describe-function’ on an un-interned symbol.
|
||
• The ‘sort’ argument is set to ‘t’ so choosing between similar
|
||
candidates becomes easier. Sometimes, the collection size will
|
||
exceed ‘ivy-sort-max-size’, which is 30000 by default. In that
|
||
case the sorting will not happen to avoid delays.
|
||
|
||
Adjust this variable to choose between sorting time and completion
|
||
start-up time.
|
||
• The ‘action’ argument calls ‘describe-function’ on the interned
|
||
selected candidate.
|
||
• The ‘caller’ argument identifies this completion session. This is
|
||
important, since with the collection being a list of strings and
|
||
not a function name, the only other way for ‘ivy-read’ to identify
|
||
"who’s calling" and to apply the appropriate customizations is to
|
||
examine ‘this-command’. But ‘this-command’ would be modified if
|
||
another command called ‘counsel-describe-function’.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Example - counsel-locate, Next: Example - ivy-read-with-extra-properties, Prev: Example - counsel-describe-function, Up: API
|
||
|
||
8.4 Example - ‘counsel-locate’
|
||
==============================
|
||
|
||
This is a typical example of a function with an async collection. Since
|
||
the collection function cannot pre-compute all the locatable files in
|
||
memory within reasonable limits (time or memory), it relies on user
|
||
input to filter the universe of possible candidates to a manageable size
|
||
while also continuing to search asynchronously for possible candidates.
|
||
Both the filtering and searching continues with each character change of
|
||
the input with rapid updates to the collection presented without idle
|
||
waiting times. This live update will continue as long as there are
|
||
likely candidates. Eventually updates to the minibuffer will stop after
|
||
user input, filtering, and searching have exhausted looking for possible
|
||
candidates.
|
||
|
||
Async collections suit long-running shell commands, such as ‘locate’.
|
||
With each new input, a new process starts while the old process is
|
||
killed. The collection is refreshed anew with each new process.
|
||
Meanwhile the user can provide more input characters (for further
|
||
narrowing) or select a candidate from the visible collection.
|
||
|
||
(defun counsel-locate-function (str)
|
||
(or
|
||
(counsel-more-chars)
|
||
(progn
|
||
(counsel--async-command
|
||
(format "locate %s '%s'"
|
||
(mapconcat #'identity counsel-locate-options " ")
|
||
(counsel-unquote-regex-parens
|
||
(ivy--regex str))))
|
||
'("" "working..."))))
|
||
|
||
;;;###autoload
|
||
(defun counsel-locate (&optional initial-input)
|
||
"Call the \"locate\" shell command.
|
||
INITIAL-INPUT can be given as the initial minibuffer input."
|
||
(interactive)
|
||
(ivy-read "Locate: " #'counsel-locate-function
|
||
:initial-input initial-input
|
||
:dynamic-collection t
|
||
:history 'counsel-locate-history
|
||
:action (lambda (file)
|
||
(with-ivy-window
|
||
(when file
|
||
(find-file file))))
|
||
:unwind #'counsel-delete-process
|
||
:caller 'counsel-locate))
|
||
|
||
Here are the interesting features of the above functions, in the
|
||
order that they appear:
|
||
|
||
• ‘counsel-locate-function’ takes a string argument and returns a
|
||
list of strings. Note that it’s not compatible with
|
||
‘all-completions’, but since we’re not using that here, might as
|
||
well use one argument instead of three.
|
||
• ‘counsel-more-chars’ is a simple function that returns e.g. ‘'("2
|
||
chars more")’ asking the user for more input.
|
||
• ‘counsel--async-command’ is a very easy API simplification that
|
||
takes a single string argument suitable for
|
||
‘shell-command-to-string’. So you could prototype your function as
|
||
non-async using ‘shell-command-to-string’ and ‘split-string’ to
|
||
produce a collection, then decide that you want async and simply
|
||
swap in ‘counsel--async-command’.
|
||
• ‘counsel-locate’ is an interactive function with an optional
|
||
‘initial-input’.
|
||
• ‘#'counsel-locate-function’ is passed as the ‘collection’ argument.
|
||
• ‘dynamic-collection’ is set to t, since this is an async
|
||
collection.
|
||
• ‘action’ argument uses ‘with-ivy-window’ wrapper, since we want to
|
||
open the selected file in the same window from which
|
||
‘counsel-locate’ was called.
|
||
• ‘unwind’ argument is set to ‘#'counsel-delete-process’: when we
|
||
press ‘C-g’ we want to kill the running process created by
|
||
‘counsel--async-command’.
|
||
• ‘caller’ argument identifies this command for easier customization.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Example - ivy-read-with-extra-properties, Prev: Example - counsel-locate, Up: API
|
||
|
||
8.5 Example - ‘ivy-read-with-extra-properties’
|
||
==============================================
|
||
|
||
This is another example to show how to associate additional values to
|
||
each displayed strings.
|
||
|
||
(defun find-candidates-function (str pred _)
|
||
(let ((props '(1 2))
|
||
(strs '("foo" "foo2")))
|
||
(cl-mapcar (lambda (s p) (propertize s 'property p))
|
||
strs
|
||
props)))
|
||
|
||
(defun find-candidates ()
|
||
(interactive)
|
||
(ivy-read "Find symbols: "
|
||
#'find-candidates-function
|
||
:action (lambda (x)
|
||
(message "Value: %s" (get-text-property 0 'property x)
|
||
))))
|
||
|
||
Here are the interesting features of the above function:
|
||
|
||
• ‘find-candidates-function’ builds up a list of strings and
|
||
associates "foo" with the value 1 and "foo2" with 2.
|
||
• ‘find-candidates’ is an interactive function.
|
||
• ‘#'find-candidates’ is passed as the ‘collection’ argument.
|
||
• ‘action’ gets passed the selected string with the associated value.
|
||
It then retrieves that value and displays it.
|
||
|
||
|
||
File: ivy.info, Node: Variable Index, Next: Keystroke Index, Prev: API, Up: Top
|
||
|
||
Variable Index
|
||
**************
|
||
|
||
|