Initial commit

This commit is contained in:
Griffin Smith 2021-03-07 15:29:59 -05:00
commit 80f8ede0bb
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eval "$(lorri direnv)"

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/target

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dependencies = [
"proc-macro2",
"quote",
"syn",
]
[[package]]
name = "textwrap"
version = "0.12.1"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
checksum = "203008d98caf094106cfaba70acfed15e18ed3ddb7d94e49baec153a2b462789"
dependencies = [
"unicode-width",
]
[[package]]
name = "thiserror"
version = "1.0.24"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
checksum = "e0f4a65597094d4483ddaed134f409b2cb7c1beccf25201a9f73c719254fa98e"
dependencies = [
"thiserror-impl",
]
[[package]]
name = "thiserror-impl"
version = "1.0.24"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
checksum = "7765189610d8241a44529806d6fd1f2e0a08734313a35d5b3a556f92b381f3c0"
dependencies = [
"proc-macro2",
"quote",
"syn",
]
[[package]]
name = "thread_local"
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source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
checksum = "8018d24e04c95ac8790716a5987d0fec4f8b27249ffa0f7d33f1369bdfb88cbd"
dependencies = [
"once_cell",
]
[[package]]
name = "ucd-trie"
version = "0.1.3"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
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name = "version_check"
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source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
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dependencies = [
"libc",
]
[[package]]
name = "wasi"
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source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
checksum = "fd6fbd9a79829dd1ad0cc20627bf1ed606756a7f77edff7b66b7064f9cb327c6"
[[package]]
name = "winapi"
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dependencies = [
"winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu",
"winapi-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu",
]
[[package]]
name = "winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu"
version = "0.4.0"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
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dependencies = [
"winapi",
]
[[package]]
name = "winapi-x86_64-pc-windows-gnu"
version = "0.4.0"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
checksum = "712e227841d057c1ee1cd2fb22fa7e5a5461ae8e48fa2ca79ec42cfc1931183f"
[[package]]
name = "wyz"
version = "0.2.0"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
checksum = "85e60b0d1b5f99db2556934e21937020776a5d31520bf169e851ac44e6420214"

18
Cargo.toml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
[package]
name = "achilles"
version = "0.1.0"
authors = ["Griffin Smith <root@gws.fyi>"]
edition = "2018"
[dependencies]
anyhow = "1.0.38"
clap = "3.0.0-beta.2"
derive_more = "0.99.11"
inkwell = { git = "https://github.com/TheDan64/inkwell", branch = "master", features = ["llvm11-0"] }
llvm-sys = "110.0.1"
nom = "6.1.2"
nom-trace = { git = "https://github.com/glittershark/nom-trace", branch = "nom-6" }
pratt = "0.3.0"
proptest = "1.0.0"
test-strategy = "0.1.1"
thiserror = "1.0.24"

2
ach/.gitignore vendored Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
*.ll
*.o

15
ach/Makefile Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
default: simple
%.ll: %.ach
cargo run -- compile $< -o $@ -f llvm
%.o: %.ll
llc $< -o $@ -filetype=obj
%: %.o
clang $< -o $@
.PHONY: clean
clean:
@rm -f *.ll *.o simple

3
ach/functions.ach Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
fn id x = x
fn plus x y = x + y
fn main = plus (id 2) 7

1
ach/simple.ach Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1 @@
fn main = let x = 2; y = 3 in x + y

20
shell.nix Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
with import (builtins.fetchTarball {
url = "https://github.com/nixos/nixpkgs/archive/93a812bb9f9c398bd5b9636ab3674dcfe8cfb884.tar.gz";
sha256 = "14zzsgnigd7vjbrpzm1s4qsknm73sci38ss00x96wamz6psaxyah";
}) {};
mkShell {
buildInputs = [
clang_11
llvm_11.lib
llvmPackages_11.bintools
llvmPackages_11.clang
llvmPackages_11.libclang.lib
zlib
ncurses
libxml2
libffi
pkg-config
];
}

166
src/ast/mod.rs Normal file
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use std::borrow::Cow;
use std::convert::TryFrom;
use std::fmt::{self, Display, Formatter};
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct InvalidIdentifier<'a>(Cow<'a, str>);
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
pub struct Ident<'a>(pub Cow<'a, str>);
impl<'a> From<&'a Ident<'a>> for &'a str {
fn from(id: &'a Ident<'a>) -> Self {
id.0.as_ref()
}
}
impl<'a> Display for Ident<'a> {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
write!(f, "{}", self.0)
}
}
impl<'a> Ident<'a> {
pub fn to_owned(&self) -> Ident<'static> {
Ident(Cow::Owned(self.0.clone().into_owned()))
}
pub fn from_str_unchecked(s: &'a str) -> Self {
debug_assert!(is_valid_identifier(s));
Self(Cow::Borrowed(s))
}
pub fn from_string_unchecked(s: String) -> Self {
debug_assert!(is_valid_identifier(&s));
Self(Cow::Owned(s))
}
}
pub fn is_valid_identifier<S>(s: &S) -> bool
where
S: AsRef<str> + ?Sized,
{
s.as_ref()
.chars()
.any(|c| !c.is_alphanumeric() || !"_".contains(c))
}
impl<'a> TryFrom<&'a str> for Ident<'a> {
type Error = InvalidIdentifier<'a>;
fn try_from(s: &'a str) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
if is_valid_identifier(s) {
Ok(Ident(Cow::Borrowed(s)))
} else {
Err(InvalidIdentifier(Cow::Borrowed(s)))
}
}
}
impl<'a> TryFrom<String> for Ident<'a> {
type Error = InvalidIdentifier<'static>;
fn try_from(s: String) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
if is_valid_identifier(&s) {
Ok(Ident(Cow::Owned(s)))
} else {
Err(InvalidIdentifier(Cow::Owned(s)))
}
}
}
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum BinaryOperator {
/// `+`
Add,
/// `-`
Sub,
/// `*`
Mul,
/// `/`
Div,
/// `^`
Pow,
/// `==`
Equ,
/// `!=`
Neq,
}
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum UnaryOperator {
/// !
Not,
/// -
Neg,
}
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum Literal {
Int(u64),
}
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum Expr<'a> {
Ident(Ident<'a>),
Literal(Literal),
UnaryOp {
op: UnaryOperator,
rhs: Box<Expr<'a>>,
},
BinaryOp {
lhs: Box<Expr<'a>>,
op: BinaryOperator,
rhs: Box<Expr<'a>>,
},
Let {
bindings: Vec<(Ident<'a>, Expr<'a>)>,
body: Box<Expr<'a>>,
},
If {
condition: Box<Expr<'a>>,
then: Box<Expr<'a>>,
else_: Box<Expr<'a>>,
},
}
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct Fun<'a> {
pub name: Ident<'a>,
pub args: Vec<Ident<'a>>,
pub body: Expr<'a>,
}
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum Decl<'a> {
Fun(Fun<'a>),
}
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum Type {
Int,
Float,
Bool,
}
impl Display for Type {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
Self::Int => f.write_str("int"),
Self::Float => f.write_str("float"),
Self::Bool => f.write_str("bool"),
}
}
}

282
src/codegen/llvm.rs Normal file
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use std::path::Path;
use std::result;
use inkwell::basic_block::BasicBlock;
use inkwell::builder::Builder;
pub use inkwell::context::Context;
use inkwell::module::Module;
use inkwell::support::LLVMString;
use inkwell::types::FunctionType;
use inkwell::values::{BasicValueEnum, FunctionValue};
use inkwell::IntPredicate;
use thiserror::Error;
use crate::ast::{BinaryOperator, Decl, Expr, Fun, Ident, Literal, UnaryOperator};
use crate::common::env::Env;
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Error)]
pub enum Error {
#[error("Undefined variable {0}")]
UndefinedVariable(Ident<'static>),
#[error("LLVM Error: {0}")]
LLVMError(String),
}
impl From<LLVMString> for Error {
fn from(s: LLVMString) -> Self {
Self::LLVMError(s.to_string())
}
}
pub type Result<T> = result::Result<T, Error>;
pub struct Codegen<'ctx, 'ast> {
context: &'ctx Context,
pub module: Module<'ctx>,
builder: Builder<'ctx>,
env: Env<'ast, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>>,
function: Option<FunctionValue<'ctx>>,
}
impl<'ctx, 'ast> Codegen<'ctx, 'ast> {
pub fn new(context: &'ctx Context, module_name: &str) -> Self {
let module = context.create_module(module_name);
let builder = context.create_builder();
Self {
context,
module,
builder,
env: Default::default(),
function: None,
}
}
pub fn new_function<'a>(
&'a mut self,
name: &str,
ty: FunctionType<'ctx>,
) -> &'a FunctionValue<'ctx> {
self.function = Some(self.module.add_function(name, ty, None));
let basic_block = self.append_basic_block("entry");
self.builder.position_at_end(basic_block);
self.function.as_ref().unwrap()
}
pub fn finish_function(&self, res: &BasicValueEnum<'ctx>) {
self.builder.build_return(Some(res));
}
pub fn append_basic_block(&self, name: &str) -> BasicBlock<'ctx> {
self.context
.append_basic_block(self.function.unwrap(), name)
}
pub fn codegen_expr(&mut self, expr: &'ast Expr<'ast>) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>> {
match expr {
Expr::Ident(id) => self
.env
.resolve(id)
.cloned()
.ok_or_else(|| Error::UndefinedVariable(id.to_owned())),
Expr::Literal(Literal::Int(i)) => {
let ty = self.context.i64_type();
Ok(BasicValueEnum::IntValue(ty.const_int(*i, false)))
}
Expr::UnaryOp { op, rhs } => {
let rhs = self.codegen_expr(rhs)?;
match op {
UnaryOperator::Not => unimplemented!(),
UnaryOperator::Neg => Ok(BasicValueEnum::IntValue(
self.builder.build_int_neg(rhs.into_int_value(), "neg"),
)),
}
}
Expr::BinaryOp { lhs, op, rhs } => {
let lhs = self.codegen_expr(lhs)?;
let rhs = self.codegen_expr(rhs)?;
match op {
BinaryOperator::Add => {
Ok(BasicValueEnum::IntValue(self.builder.build_int_add(
lhs.into_int_value(),
rhs.into_int_value(),
"add",
)))
}
BinaryOperator::Sub => {
Ok(BasicValueEnum::IntValue(self.builder.build_int_sub(
lhs.into_int_value(),
rhs.into_int_value(),
"add",
)))
}
BinaryOperator::Mul => {
Ok(BasicValueEnum::IntValue(self.builder.build_int_sub(
lhs.into_int_value(),
rhs.into_int_value(),
"add",
)))
}
BinaryOperator::Div => {
Ok(BasicValueEnum::IntValue(self.builder.build_int_signed_div(
lhs.into_int_value(),
rhs.into_int_value(),
"add",
)))
}
BinaryOperator::Pow => unimplemented!(),
BinaryOperator::Equ => {
Ok(BasicValueEnum::IntValue(self.builder.build_int_compare(
IntPredicate::EQ,
lhs.into_int_value(),
rhs.into_int_value(),
"eq",
)))
}
BinaryOperator::Neq => todo!(),
}
}
Expr::Let { bindings, body } => {
self.env.push();
for (id, val) in bindings {
let val = self.codegen_expr(val)?;
self.env.set(id, val);
}
let res = self.codegen_expr(body);
self.env.pop();
res
}
Expr::If {
condition,
then,
else_,
} => {
let then_block = self.append_basic_block("then");
let else_block = self.append_basic_block("else");
let join_block = self.append_basic_block("join");
let condition = self.codegen_expr(condition)?;
self.builder.build_conditional_branch(
condition.into_int_value(),
then_block,
else_block,
);
self.builder.position_at_end(then_block);
let then_res = self.codegen_expr(then)?;
self.builder.build_unconditional_branch(join_block);
self.builder.position_at_end(else_block);
let else_res = self.codegen_expr(else_)?;
self.builder.build_unconditional_branch(join_block);
self.builder.position_at_end(join_block);
let phi = self.builder.build_phi(self.context.i64_type(), "join");
phi.add_incoming(&[(&then_res, then_block), (&else_res, else_block)]);
Ok(phi.as_basic_value())
}
}
}
pub fn codegen_decl(&mut self, decl: &'ast Decl<'ast>) -> Result<()> {
match decl {
Decl::Fun(Fun { name, args, body }) => {
let i64_type = self.context.i64_type();
self.new_function(
name.into(),
i64_type.fn_type(
args.iter()
.map(|_| i64_type.into())
.collect::<Vec<_>>()
.as_slice(),
false,
),
);
self.env.push();
for (i, arg) in args.iter().enumerate() {
self.env
.set(arg, self.function.unwrap().get_nth_param(i as u32).unwrap());
}
let res = self.codegen_expr(body)?;
self.env.pop();
self.finish_function(&res);
Ok(())
}
}
}
pub fn codegen_main(&mut self, expr: &'ast Expr<'ast>) -> Result<()> {
self.new_function("main", self.context.i64_type().fn_type(&[], false));
let res = self.codegen_expr(expr)?;
self.finish_function(&res);
Ok(())
}
pub fn print_to_file<P>(&self, path: P) -> Result<()>
where
P: AsRef<Path>,
{
Ok(self.module.print_to_file(path)?)
}
pub fn binary_to_file<P>(&self, path: P) -> Result<()>
where
P: AsRef<Path>,
{
if self.module.write_bitcode_to_path(path.as_ref()) {
Ok(())
} else {
Err(Error::LLVMError(
"Error writing bitcode to output path".to_owned(),
))
}
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use inkwell::execution_engine::JitFunction;
use inkwell::OptimizationLevel;
use super::*;
fn jit_eval<T>(expr: &str) -> anyhow::Result<T> {
let expr = crate::parser::expr(expr).unwrap().1;
let context = Context::create();
let mut codegen = Codegen::new(&context, "test");
let execution_engine = codegen
.module
.create_jit_execution_engine(OptimizationLevel::None)
.unwrap();
codegen.new_function("test", context.i64_type().fn_type(&[], false));
let res = codegen.codegen_expr(&expr)?;
codegen.finish_function(&res);
unsafe {
let fun: JitFunction<unsafe extern "C" fn() -> T> =
execution_engine.get_function("test")?;
Ok(fun.call())
}
}
#[test]
fn add_literals() {
assert_eq!(jit_eval::<i64>("1 + 2").unwrap(), 3);
}
#[test]
fn variable_shadowing() {
assert_eq!(
jit_eval::<i64>("let x = 1 in (let x = 2 in x) + x").unwrap(),
3
);
}
#[test]
fn eq() {
assert_eq!(
jit_eval::<i64>("let x = 1 in if x == 1 then 2 else 4").unwrap(),
2
);
}
}

26
src/codegen/mod.rs Normal file
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pub mod llvm;
use inkwell::execution_engine::JitFunction;
use inkwell::OptimizationLevel;
pub use llvm::*;
use crate::ast::Expr;
use crate::common::Result;
pub fn jit_eval<T>(expr: &Expr) -> Result<T> {
let context = Context::create();
let mut codegen = Codegen::new(&context, "eval");
let execution_engine = codegen
.module
.create_jit_execution_engine(OptimizationLevel::None)
.map_err(Error::from)?;
codegen.new_function("eval", context.i64_type().fn_type(&[], false));
let res = codegen.codegen_expr(&expr)?;
codegen.finish_function(&res);
unsafe {
let fun: JitFunction<unsafe extern "C" fn() -> T> =
execution_engine.get_function("eval").unwrap();
Ok(fun.call())
}
}

28
src/commands/compile.rs Normal file
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use std::path::PathBuf;
use clap::Clap;
use crate::common::Result;
use crate::compiler::{self, CompilerOptions};
#[derive(Clap)]
pub struct Compile {
file: PathBuf,
#[clap(short = 'o')]
out_file: PathBuf,
#[clap(flatten)]
options: CompilerOptions,
}
impl Compile {
pub fn run(self) -> Result<()> {
eprintln!(
">>> {} -> {}",
&self.file.to_string_lossy(),
self.out_file.to_string_lossy()
);
compiler::compile_file(&self.file, &self.out_file, &self.options)
}
}

30
src/commands/eval.rs Normal file
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use clap::Clap;
use crate::codegen;
use crate::interpreter;
use crate::parser;
use crate::Result;
/// Evaluate an expression and print its result
#[derive(Clap)]
pub struct Eval {
/// JIT-compile with LLVM instead of interpreting
#[clap(long)]
jit: bool,
/// Expression to evaluate
expr: String,
}
impl Eval {
pub fn run(self) -> Result<()> {
let (_, parsed) = parser::expr(&self.expr)?;
let result = if self.jit {
codegen::jit_eval::<i64>(&parsed)?.into()
} else {
interpreter::eval(&parsed)?
};
println!("{}", result);
Ok(())
}
}

5
src/commands/mod.rs Normal file
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pub mod compile;
pub mod eval;
pub use compile::Compile;
pub use eval::Eval;

40
src/common/env.rs Normal file
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use std::collections::HashMap;
use crate::ast::Ident;
/// A lexical environment
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct Env<'ast, V>(Vec<HashMap<&'ast Ident<'ast>, V>>);
impl<'ast, V> Default for Env<'ast, V> {
fn default() -> Self {
Self::new()
}
}
impl<'ast, V> Env<'ast, V> {
pub fn new() -> Self {
Self(vec![Default::default()])
}
pub fn push(&mut self) {
self.0.push(Default::default());
}
pub fn pop(&mut self) {
self.0.pop();
}
pub fn set(&mut self, k: &'ast Ident<'ast>, v: V) {
self.0.last_mut().unwrap().insert(k, v);
}
pub fn resolve<'a>(&'a self, k: &'ast Ident<'ast>) -> Option<&'a V> {
for ctx in self.0.iter().rev() {
if let Some(res) = ctx.get(k) {
return Some(res);
}
}
None
}
}

50
src/common/error.rs Normal file
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use std::{io, result};
use thiserror::Error;
use crate::{codegen, interpreter, parser};
#[derive(Error, Debug)]
pub enum Error {
#[error(transparent)]
IOError(#[from] io::Error),
#[error("Error parsing input: {0}")]
ParseError(#[from] parser::Error),
#[error("Error evaluating expression: {0}")]
EvalError(#[from] interpreter::Error),
#[error("Compile error: {0}")]
CodegenError(#[from] codegen::Error),
#[error("{0}")]
Message(String),
}
impl From<String> for Error {
fn from(s: String) -> Self {
Self::Message(s)
}
}
impl<'a> From<nom::Err<nom::error::Error<&'a str>>> for Error {
fn from(e: nom::Err<nom::error::Error<&'a str>>) -> Self {
use nom::error::Error as NomError;
use nom::Err::*;
Self::ParseError(match e {
Incomplete(i) => Incomplete(i),
Error(NomError { input, code }) => Error(NomError {
input: input.to_owned(),
code,
}),
Failure(NomError { input, code }) => Failure(NomError {
input: input.to_owned(),
code,
}),
})
}
}
pub type Result<T> = result::Result<T, Error>;

4
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pub(crate) mod env;
pub(crate) mod error;
pub use error::{Error, Result};

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use std::fmt::{self, Display};
use std::path::Path;
use std::str::FromStr;
use std::{fs, result};
use clap::Clap;
use test_strategy::Arbitrary;
use crate::codegen::{self, Codegen};
use crate::common::Result;
use crate::parser;
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Arbitrary)]
pub enum OutputFormat {
LLVM,
Bitcode,
}
impl Default for OutputFormat {
fn default() -> Self {
Self::Bitcode
}
}
impl FromStr for OutputFormat {
type Err = String;
fn from_str(s: &str) -> result::Result<Self, Self::Err> {
match s {
"llvm" => Ok(Self::LLVM),
"binary" => Ok(Self::Bitcode),
_ => Err(format!(
"Invalid output format {}, expected one of {{llvm, binary}}",
s
)),
}
}
}
impl Display for OutputFormat {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
OutputFormat::LLVM => f.write_str("llvm"),
OutputFormat::Bitcode => f.write_str("binary"),
}
}
}
#[derive(Clap, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
pub struct CompilerOptions {
#[clap(long, short = 'f', default_value)]
format: OutputFormat,
}
pub fn compile_file(input: &Path, output: &Path, options: &CompilerOptions) -> Result<()> {
let src = fs::read_to_string(input)?;
let (_, decls) = parser::toplevel(&src)?; // TODO: statements
let context = codegen::Context::create();
let mut codegen = Codegen::new(
&context,
&input
.file_stem()
.map_or("UNKNOWN".to_owned(), |s| s.to_string_lossy().into_owned()),
);
for decl in &decls {
codegen.codegen_decl(decl)?;
}
match options.format {
OutputFormat::LLVM => codegen.print_to_file(output)?,
OutputFormat::Bitcode => codegen.binary_to_file(output)?,
}
Ok(())
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use test_strategy::proptest;
#[proptest]
fn output_format_display_from_str_round_trip(of: OutputFormat) {
assert_eq!(OutputFormat::from_str(&of.to_string()), Ok(of));
}
}

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use std::result;
use thiserror::Error;
use crate::ast::{Ident, Type};
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Error)]
pub enum Error {
#[error("Undefined variable {0}")]
UndefinedVariable(Ident<'static>),
#[error("Unexpected type {actual}, expected type {expected}")]
InvalidType { actual: Type, expected: Type },
}
pub type Result<T> = result::Result<T, Error>;

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mod error;
mod value;
pub use self::error::{Error, Result};
pub use self::value::Value;
use crate::ast::{BinaryOperator, Expr, Ident, Literal, UnaryOperator};
use crate::common::env::Env;
#[derive(Debug, Default)]
pub struct Interpreter<'a> {
env: Env<'a, Value>,
}
impl<'a> Interpreter<'a> {
pub fn new() -> Self {
Self::default()
}
fn resolve(&self, var: &'a Ident<'a>) -> Result<Value> {
self.env
.resolve(var)
.cloned()
.ok_or_else(|| Error::UndefinedVariable(var.to_owned()))
}
pub fn eval(&mut self, expr: &'a Expr<'a>) -> Result<Value> {
match expr {
Expr::Ident(id) => self.resolve(id),
Expr::Literal(Literal::Int(i)) => Ok((*i).into()),
Expr::UnaryOp { op, rhs } => {
let rhs = self.eval(rhs)?;
match op {
UnaryOperator::Neg => -rhs,
_ => unimplemented!(),
}
}
Expr::BinaryOp { lhs, op, rhs } => {
let lhs = self.eval(lhs)?;
let rhs = self.eval(rhs)?;
match op {
BinaryOperator::Add => lhs + rhs,
BinaryOperator::Sub => lhs - rhs,
BinaryOperator::Mul => lhs * rhs,
BinaryOperator::Div => lhs / rhs,
BinaryOperator::Pow => todo!(),
BinaryOperator::Equ => Ok(lhs.eq(&rhs).into()),
BinaryOperator::Neq => todo!(),
}
}
Expr::Let { bindings, body } => {
self.env.push();
for (id, val) in bindings {
let val = self.eval(val)?;
self.env.set(id, val);
}
let res = self.eval(body)?;
self.env.pop();
Ok(res)
}
Expr::If {
condition,
then,
else_,
} => {
let condition = self.eval(condition)?;
if *(condition.into_type::<bool>()?) {
self.eval(then)
} else {
self.eval(else_)
}
}
}
}
}
pub fn eval<'a>(expr: &'a Expr<'a>) -> Result<Value> {
let mut interpreter = Interpreter::new();
interpreter.eval(expr)
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use std::convert::TryFrom;
use super::value::{TypeOf, Val};
use super::*;
use BinaryOperator::*;
fn int_lit(i: u64) -> Box<Expr<'static>> {
Box::new(Expr::Literal(Literal::Int(i)))
}
fn parse_eval<T>(src: &str) -> T
where
for<'a> &'a T: TryFrom<&'a Val>,
T: Clone + TypeOf,
{
let expr = crate::parser::expr(src).unwrap().1;
let res = eval(&expr).unwrap();
res.into_type::<T>().unwrap().clone()
}
#[test]
fn simple_addition() {
let expr = Expr::BinaryOp {
lhs: int_lit(1),
op: Mul,
rhs: int_lit(2),
};
let res = eval(&expr).unwrap();
assert_eq!(*res.into_type::<i64>().unwrap(), 2);
}
#[test]
fn variable_shadowing() {
let res = parse_eval::<i64>("let x = 1 in (let x = 2 in x) + x");
assert_eq!(res, 3);
}
#[test]
fn conditional_with_equals() {
let res = parse_eval::<i64>("let x = 1 in if x == 1 then 2 else 4");
assert_eq!(res, 2);
}
}

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use std::convert::TryFrom;
use std::fmt::{self, Display};
use std::ops::{Add, Div, Mul, Neg, Sub};
use std::rc::Rc;
use derive_more::{Deref, From, TryInto};
use super::{Error, Result};
use crate::ast::Type;
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, From, TryInto)]
#[try_into(owned, ref)]
pub enum Val {
Int(i64),
Float(f64),
Bool(bool),
}
impl From<u64> for Val {
fn from(i: u64) -> Self {
Self::from(i as i64)
}
}
impl Display for Val {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
match self {
Val::Int(x) => x.fmt(f),
Val::Float(x) => x.fmt(f),
Val::Bool(x) => x.fmt(f),
}
}
}
impl Val {
pub fn type_(&self) -> Type {
match self {
Val::Int(_) => Type::Int,
Val::Float(_) => Type::Float,
Val::Bool(_) => Type::Bool,
}
}
pub fn into_type<'a, T>(&'a self) -> Result<&'a T>
where
T: TypeOf + 'a + Clone,
&'a T: TryFrom<&'a Self>,
{
<&T>::try_from(self).map_err(|_| Error::InvalidType {
actual: self.type_(),
expected: <T as TypeOf>::type_of(),
})
}
}
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone, Deref)]
pub struct Value(Rc<Val>);
impl Display for Value {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
self.0.fmt(f)
}
}
impl<T> From<T> for Value
where
Val: From<T>,
{
fn from(x: T) -> Self {
Self(Rc::new(x.into()))
}
}
impl Neg for Value {
type Output = Result<Value>;
fn neg(self) -> Self::Output {
Ok((-self.into_type::<i64>()?).into())
}
}
impl Add for Value {
type Output = Result<Value>;
fn add(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
Ok((self.into_type::<i64>()? + rhs.into_type::<i64>()?).into())
}
}
impl Sub for Value {
type Output = Result<Value>;
fn sub(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
Ok((self.into_type::<i64>()? - rhs.into_type::<i64>()?).into())
}
}
impl Mul for Value {
type Output = Result<Value>;
fn mul(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
Ok((self.into_type::<i64>()? * rhs.into_type::<i64>()?).into())
}
}
impl Div for Value {
type Output = Result<Value>;
fn div(self, rhs: Self) -> Self::Output {
Ok((self.into_type::<f64>()? / rhs.into_type::<f64>()?).into())
}
}
pub trait TypeOf {
fn type_of() -> Type;
}
impl TypeOf for i64 {
fn type_of() -> Type {
Type::Int
}
}
impl TypeOf for bool {
fn type_of() -> Type {
Type::Bool
}
}
impl TypeOf for f64 {
fn type_of() -> Type {
Type::Float
}
}

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use clap::Clap;
pub mod ast;
pub mod codegen;
pub(crate) mod commands;
pub(crate) mod common;
pub mod compiler;
pub mod interpreter;
pub mod parser;
pub use common::{Error, Result};
#[derive(Clap)]
struct Opts {
#[clap(subcommand)]
subcommand: Command,
}
#[derive(Clap)]
enum Command {
Eval(commands::Eval),
Compile(commands::Compile),
}
fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
let opts = Opts::parse();
match opts.subcommand {
Command::Eval(eval) => Ok(eval.run()?),
Command::Compile(compile) => Ok(compile.run()?),
}
}

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use nom::character::complete::{digit1, multispace0, multispace1};
use nom::error::{ErrorKind, ParseError};
use nom::{
alt, char, complete, delimited, do_parse, flat_map, many0, map, named, parse_to,
separated_list0, separated_list1, tag, tuple,
};
use pratt::{Affix, Associativity, PrattParser, Precedence};
use crate::ast::{BinaryOperator, Decl, Expr, Fun, Ident, Literal, UnaryOperator};
pub type Error = nom::Err<nom::error::Error<String>>;
#[derive(Debug)]
enum TokenTree<'a> {
Prefix(UnaryOperator),
// Postfix(char),
Infix(BinaryOperator),
Primary(Expr<'a>),
Group(Vec<TokenTree<'a>>),
}
named!(prefix(&str) -> TokenTree, map!(alt!(
complete!(char!('-')) => { |_| UnaryOperator::Neg } |
complete!(char!('!')) => { |_| UnaryOperator::Not }
), TokenTree::Prefix));
named!(infix(&str) -> TokenTree, map!(alt!(
complete!(tag!("==")) => { |_| BinaryOperator::Equ } |
complete!(tag!("!=")) => { |_| BinaryOperator::Neq } |
complete!(char!('+')) => { |_| BinaryOperator::Add } |
complete!(char!('-')) => { |_| BinaryOperator::Sub } |
complete!(char!('*')) => { |_| BinaryOperator::Mul } |
complete!(char!('/')) => { |_| BinaryOperator::Div } |
complete!(char!('^')) => { |_| BinaryOperator::Pow }
), TokenTree::Infix));
named!(primary(&str) -> TokenTree, alt!(
do_parse!(
multispace0 >>
char!('(') >>
multispace0 >>
group: group >>
multispace0 >>
char!(')') >>
multispace0 >>
(TokenTree::Group(group))
) |
delimited!(multispace0, simple_expr, multispace0) => { |s| TokenTree::Primary(s) }
));
named!(
rest(&str) -> Vec<(TokenTree, Vec<TokenTree>, TokenTree)>,
many0!(tuple!(
infix,
delimited!(multispace0, many0!(prefix), multispace0),
primary
// many0!(postfix)
))
);
named!(group(&str) -> Vec<TokenTree>, do_parse!(
prefix: many0!(prefix)
>> primary: primary
// >> postfix: many0!(postfix)
>> rest: rest
>> ({
let mut res = prefix;
res.push(primary);
// res.append(&mut postfix);
for (infix, mut prefix, primary/*, mut postfix*/) in rest {
res.push(infix);
res.append(&mut prefix);
res.push(primary);
// res.append(&mut postfix);
}
res
})
));
fn token_tree(i: &str) -> nom::IResult<&str, Vec<TokenTree>> {
group(i)
}
struct ExprParser;
impl<'a, I> PrattParser<I> for ExprParser
where
I: Iterator<Item = TokenTree<'a>>,
{
type Error = pratt::NoError;
type Input = TokenTree<'a>;
type Output = Expr<'a>;
fn query(&mut self, input: &Self::Input) -> Result<Affix, Self::Error> {
use BinaryOperator::*;
use UnaryOperator::*;
Ok(match input {
TokenTree::Infix(Add) => Affix::Infix(Precedence(6), Associativity::Left),
TokenTree::Infix(Sub) => Affix::Infix(Precedence(6), Associativity::Left),
TokenTree::Infix(Mul) => Affix::Infix(Precedence(7), Associativity::Left),
TokenTree::Infix(Div) => Affix::Infix(Precedence(7), Associativity::Left),
TokenTree::Infix(Pow) => Affix::Infix(Precedence(8), Associativity::Right),
TokenTree::Infix(Equ) => Affix::Infix(Precedence(4), Associativity::Right),
TokenTree::Infix(Neq) => Affix::Infix(Precedence(4), Associativity::Right),
TokenTree::Prefix(Neg) => Affix::Prefix(Precedence(6)),
TokenTree::Prefix(Not) => Affix::Prefix(Precedence(6)),
TokenTree::Primary(_) => Affix::Nilfix,
TokenTree::Group(_) => Affix::Nilfix,
})
}
fn primary(&mut self, input: Self::Input) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
Ok(match input {
TokenTree::Primary(expr) => expr,
TokenTree::Group(group) => self.parse(&mut group.into_iter()).unwrap(),
_ => unreachable!(),
})
}
fn infix(
&mut self,
lhs: Self::Output,
op: Self::Input,
rhs: Self::Output,
) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
let op = match op {
TokenTree::Infix(op) => op,
_ => unreachable!(),
};
Ok(Expr::BinaryOp {
lhs: Box::new(lhs),
op,
rhs: Box::new(rhs),
})
}
fn prefix(&mut self, op: Self::Input, rhs: Self::Output) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
let op = match op {
TokenTree::Prefix(op) => op,
_ => unreachable!(),
};
Ok(Expr::UnaryOp {
op,
rhs: Box::new(rhs),
})
}
fn postfix(
&mut self,
_lhs: Self::Output,
_op: Self::Input,
) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
unreachable!()
}
}
fn ident<'a, E>(i: &'a str) -> nom::IResult<&'a str, Ident, E>
where
E: ParseError<&'a str>,
{
let mut chars = i.chars();
if let Some(f) = chars.next() {
if f.is_alphabetic() || f == '_' {
let mut idx = 1;
for c in chars {
if !(c.is_alphanumeric() || c == '_') {
break;
}
idx += 1;
}
Ok((&i[idx..], Ident::from_str_unchecked(&i[..idx])))
} else {
Err(nom::Err::Error(E::from_error_kind(i, ErrorKind::Satisfy)))
}
} else {
Err(nom::Err::Error(E::from_error_kind(i, ErrorKind::Eof)))
}
}
named!(int(&str) -> Literal, map!(flat_map!(digit1, parse_to!(u64)), Literal::Int));
named!(literal(&str) -> Expr, map!(alt!(int), Expr::Literal));
named!(binding(&str) -> (Ident, Expr), do_parse!(
multispace0
>> ident: ident
>> multispace0
>> char!('=')
>> multispace0
>> expr: expr
>> (ident, expr)
));
named!(let_(&str) -> Expr, do_parse!(
tag!("let")
>> multispace0
>> bindings: separated_list1!(alt!(char!(';') | char!('\n')), binding)
>> multispace0
>> tag!("in")
>> multispace0
>> body: expr
>> (Expr::Let {
bindings,
body: Box::new(body)
})
));
named!(if_(&str) -> Expr, do_parse! (
tag!("if")
>> multispace0
>> condition: expr
>> multispace0
>> tag!("then")
>> multispace0
>> then: expr
>> multispace0
>> tag!("else")
>> multispace0
>> else_: expr
>> (Expr::If {
condition: Box::new(condition),
then: Box::new(then),
else_: Box::new(else_)
})
));
named!(ident_expr(&str) -> Expr, map!(ident, Expr::Ident));
named!(simple_expr(&str) -> Expr, alt!(
let_ |
if_ |
literal |
ident_expr
));
named!(pub expr(&str) -> Expr, alt!(
map!(token_tree, |tt| {
ExprParser.parse(&mut tt.into_iter()).unwrap()
}) |
simple_expr));
//////
named!(fun(&str) -> Fun, do_parse!(
tag!("fn")
>> multispace0
>> name: ident
>> multispace1
>> args: separated_list0!(multispace1, ident)
>> multispace0
>> char!('=')
>> multispace0
>> body: expr
>> (Fun {
name,
args,
body
})
));
named!(pub decl(&str) -> Decl, alt!(
fun => { |f| Decl::Fun(f) }
));
named!(pub toplevel(&str) -> Vec<Decl>, separated_list0!(multispace1, decl));
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use std::convert::{TryFrom, TryInto};
use super::*;
use BinaryOperator::*;
use Expr::{BinaryOp, If, Let, UnaryOp};
use UnaryOperator::*;
fn ident_expr(s: &str) -> Box<Expr> {
Box::new(Expr::Ident(Ident::try_from(s).unwrap()))
}
macro_rules! test_parse {
($parser: ident, $src: expr) => {{
let (rem, res) = $parser($src).unwrap();
assert!(
rem.is_empty(),
"non-empty remainder: \"{}\", parsed: {:?}",
rem,
res
);
res
}};
}
mod operators {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn mul_plus() {
let (rem, res) = expr("x*y+z").unwrap();
assert!(rem.is_empty());
assert_eq!(
res,
BinaryOp {
lhs: Box::new(BinaryOp {
lhs: ident_expr("x"),
op: Mul,
rhs: ident_expr("y")
}),
op: Add,
rhs: ident_expr("z")
}
)
}
#[test]
fn mul_plus_ws() {
let (rem, res) = expr("x * y + z").unwrap();
assert!(rem.is_empty(), "non-empty remainder: \"{}\"", rem);
assert_eq!(
res,
BinaryOp {
lhs: Box::new(BinaryOp {
lhs: ident_expr("x"),
op: Mul,
rhs: ident_expr("y")
}),
op: Add,
rhs: ident_expr("z")
}
)
}
#[test]
fn unary() {
let (rem, res) = expr("x * -z").unwrap();
assert!(rem.is_empty(), "non-empty remainder: \"{}\"", rem);
assert_eq!(
res,
BinaryOp {
lhs: ident_expr("x"),
op: Mul,
rhs: Box::new(UnaryOp {
op: Neg,
rhs: ident_expr("z"),
})
}
)
}
#[test]
fn mul_literal() {
let (rem, res) = expr("x * 3").unwrap();
assert!(rem.is_empty());
assert_eq!(
res,
BinaryOp {
lhs: ident_expr("x"),
op: Mul,
rhs: Box::new(Expr::Literal(Literal::Int(3))),
}
)
}
#[test]
fn equ() {
let res = test_parse!(expr, "x * 7 == 7");
assert_eq!(
res,
BinaryOp {
lhs: Box::new(BinaryOp {
lhs: ident_expr("x"),
op: Mul,
rhs: Box::new(Expr::Literal(Literal::Int(7)))
}),
op: Equ,
rhs: Box::new(Expr::Literal(Literal::Int(7)))
}
)
}
}
#[test]
fn let_complex() {
let res = test_parse!(expr, "let x = 1; y = x * 7 in (x + y) * 4");
assert_eq!(
res,
Let {
bindings: vec![
(
Ident::try_from("x").unwrap(),
Expr::Literal(Literal::Int(1))
),
(
Ident::try_from("y").unwrap(),
Expr::BinaryOp {
lhs: ident_expr("x"),
op: Mul,
rhs: Box::new(Expr::Literal(Literal::Int(7)))
}
)
],
body: Box::new(Expr::BinaryOp {
lhs: Box::new(Expr::BinaryOp {
lhs: ident_expr("x"),
op: Add,
rhs: ident_expr("y"),
}),
op: Mul,
rhs: Box::new(Expr::Literal(Literal::Int(4))),
})
}
)
}
#[test]
fn if_simple() {
let res = test_parse!(expr, "if x == 8 then 9 else 20");
assert_eq!(
res,
If {
condition: Box::new(BinaryOp {
lhs: ident_expr("x"),
op: Equ,
rhs: Box::new(Expr::Literal(Literal::Int(8))),
}),
then: Box::new(Expr::Literal(Literal::Int(9))),
else_: Box::new(Expr::Literal(Literal::Int(20)))
}
)
}
#[test]
fn fn_decl() {
let res = test_parse!(decl, "fn id x = x");
assert_eq!(
res,
Decl::Fun(Fun {
name: "id".try_into().unwrap(),
args: vec!["x".try_into().unwrap()],
body: *ident_expr("x"),
})
)
}
}