Define Extras module

I'll use as the host for utility functions needed to extend the stdlib.

assessments/semiprimes/server/test/extras_test.exs

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+defmodule ExtrasTest do
+  use ExUnit.Case
+  doctest Extras
+
+  describe "range" do
+    test "returns an empty list for descending sequences" do
+      assert Extras.range(0, -2) == []
+    end
+
+    test "returns an empty list for non-ascending sequences" do
+      assert Extras.range(8, 8) == []
+    end
+
+    test "returns an exclusive range" do
+      assert Extras.range(3, 6) == [3, 4, 5]
+    end
+  end
+end