* Release notes in Docbook; ASCII release notes (i.e., the `NEWS'
file) is now generated from that using `w3m' and some XSL hackery.
This commit is contained in:
Eelco Dolstra
parent
ed1db42915
commit
025086edea
6 changed files with 581 additions and 332 deletions
327
NEWS
327
NEWS
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@ -1,327 +0,0 @@
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Version 0.9
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NOTE: this version of Nix uses Berkeley DB 4.3 instead of 4.2. The
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database is upgraded automatically, but you should be careful not to
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use old versions of Nix that still use Berkeley DB 4.2. In
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particular, if you use a Nix installed through Nix, you should run
|
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|
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nix-store --clear-substitutes
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first.
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* Unpacking of patch sequences is much faster now since we no longer
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do redundant unpacking and repacking of intermediate paths.
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* Nix now uses Berkeley DB 4.3.
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* The `derivation' primitive is lazier. Attributes of dependent
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derivations can mutually refer to each other (as long as there are
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no data dependencies on the `outPath' and `drvPath' attributes
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computed by `derivation').
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For example, the expression `derivation attrs' now evaluates to
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(essentially)
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attrs // {
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type = "derivation";
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outPath = derivation! attrs;
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drvPath = derivation! attrs;
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}
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||||
|
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where `derivation!' is a primop that does the actual derivation
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||||
instantiation (i.e., it does what `derivation' used to do). The
|
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advantage is that it allows commands such as `nix-env -qa' and
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`nix-env -i' to be much faster since they no longer need to
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instantiate all derivations, just the `name' attribute.
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Also, it allows derivations to cyclically reference each other, for
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example,
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webServer = derivation {
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...
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hostName = "svn.cs.uu.nl";
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services = [svnService];
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};
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svnService = derivation {
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...
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hostName = webServer.hostName;
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};
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Previously, this would yield a black hole (infinite recursion).
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* `nix-build' now defaults to using `./default.nix' if no Nix
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expression is specified.
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* `nix-instantiate', when applied to a Nix expression that evaluates
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to a function, will call the function automatically if all its
|
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arguments have defaults.
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* Nix now uses libtool to build dynamic libraries. This reduces the
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size of executables.
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* A new list concatenation operator `++'. For example, `[1 2 3] ++ [4
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5 6]' evaluates to `[1 2 3 4 5 6]'.
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* Some currently undocumented primops to support low-level build
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management using Nix (i.e., using Nix as a Make replacement). See
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the commit message for r3578 and r3580.
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* Various bug fixes and performance improvements.
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Version 0.8 (April 11, 2005)
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NOTE: the hashing scheme in Nix 0.8 changed (as detailed below). As a
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result, `nix-pull' manifests and channels built for Nix 0.7 and below
|
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will now work anymore. However, the Nix expression language has not
|
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changed, so you can still build from source. Also, existing user
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environments continue to work. Nix 0.8 will automatically upgrade the
|
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database schema of previous installations when it is first run.
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|
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If you get the error message
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you have an old-style manifest `/nix/var/nix/manifests/[...]';
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please delete it
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you should delete previously downloaded manifests:
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$ rm /nix/var/nix/manifests/*
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If `nix-channel' gives the error message
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manifest `http://catamaran.labs.cs.uu.nl/dist/nix/channels/[channel]/MANIFEST'
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is too old (i.e., for Nix <= 0.7)
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then you should unsubscribe from the offending channel (`nix-channel
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--remove URL'; leave out `/MANIFEST'), and subscribe to the same URL,
|
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with `channels' replaced by `channels-v3' (e.g.,
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http://catamaran.labs.cs.uu.nl/dist/nix/channels-v3/nixpkgs-unstable).
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Nix 0.8 has the following improvements:
|
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* The cryptographic hashes used in store paths are now 160 bits long,
|
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but encoded in base-32 so that they are still only 32 characters
|
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long (e.g., /nix/store/csw87wag8bqlqk7ipllbwypb14xainap-atk-1.9.0).
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(This is actually a 160 bit truncation of a SHA-256 hash.)
|
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* Big cleanups and simplifications of the basic store semantics. The
|
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notion of "closure store expressions" is gone (and so is the notion
|
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of "successors"); the file system references of a store path are now
|
||||
just stored in the database.
|
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|
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For instance, given any store path, you can query its closure:
|
||||
|
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$ nix-store -qR $(which firefox)
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... lots of paths ...
|
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|
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Also, Nix now remembers for each store path the derivation that
|
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built it (the "deriver"):
|
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|
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$ nix-store -qR $(which firefox)
|
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/nix/store/4b0jx7vq80l9aqcnkszxhymsf1ffa5jd-firefox-1.0.1.drv
|
||||
|
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So to see the build-time dependencies, you can do
|
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|
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$ nix-store -qR $(nix-store -qd $(which firefox))
|
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|
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or, in a nicer format:
|
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|
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$ nix-store -q --tree $(nix-store -qd $(which firefox))
|
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|
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File system references are also stored in reverse. For instance,
|
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you can query all paths that directly or indirectly use a certain
|
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Glibc:
|
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|
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$ nix-store -q --referers-closure \
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/nix/store/8lz9yc6zgmc0vlqmn2ipcpkjlmbi51vv-glibc-2.3.4
|
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|
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* The concept of fixed-output derivations has been formalised.
|
||||
Previously, functions such as `fetchurl' in Nixpkgs used a hack
|
||||
(namely, explicitly specifying a store path hash) to prevent changes
|
||||
to, say, the URL of the file from propagating upwards through the
|
||||
dependency graph, causing rebuilds of everything. This can now be
|
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done cleanly by specifying the `outputHash' and `outputHashAlgo'
|
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attributes. Nix itself checks that the content of the output has
|
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the specified hash. (This is important for maintaining certain
|
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invariants necessary for future work on secure shared stores.)
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|
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* One-click installation :-) It is now possible to install any
|
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top-level component in Nixpkgs directly, through the web - see,
|
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e.g., http://catamaran.labs.cs.uu.nl/dist/nixpkgs-0.8/. All you
|
||||
have to do is associate `/nix/bin/nix-install-package' with the MIME
|
||||
type `application/nix-package' (or the extension `.nixpkg'), and
|
||||
clicking on a package link will cause it to be installed, with all
|
||||
appropriate dependencies. If you just want to install some specific
|
||||
application, this is easier than subscribing to a channel.
|
||||
|
||||
* `nix-store -r PATHS' now builds all the derivations PATHS in
|
||||
parallel. Previously it did them sequentially (though exploiting
|
||||
possible parallelism between subderivations). This is nice for
|
||||
build farms.
|
||||
|
||||
* `nix-channel' has new operations `--list' and `--remove'.
|
||||
|
||||
* New ways of installing components into user environments:
|
||||
|
||||
- Copy from another user environment:
|
||||
|
||||
$ nix-env -i --from-profile .../other-profile firefox
|
||||
|
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- Install a store derivation directly (bypassing the Nix expression
|
||||
language entirely):
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|
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$ nix-env -i /nix/store/z58v41v21xd3...-aterm-2.3.1.drv
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|
||||
(This is used to implement `nix-install-package', which is
|
||||
therefore immune to evolution in the Nix expression language.)
|
||||
|
||||
- Install an already built store path directly:
|
||||
|
||||
$ nix-env -i /nix/store/hsyj5pbn0d9i...-aterm-2.3.1
|
||||
|
||||
- Install the result of a Nix expression specified as a command-line
|
||||
argument:
|
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|
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$ nix-env -f .../i686-linux.nix -i -E 'x: x.firefoxWrapper'
|
||||
|
||||
The difference with the normal installation mode is that `-E' does
|
||||
not use the `name' attributes of derivations. Therefore, this can
|
||||
be used to disambiguate multiple derivations with the same name.
|
||||
|
||||
* A hash of the contents of a store path is now stored in the database
|
||||
after a succesful build. This allows you to check whether store
|
||||
paths have been tampered with: `nix-store --verify --check-contents'.
|
||||
|
||||
* Implemented a concurrent garbage collector. It is now always safe
|
||||
to run the garbage collector, even if other Nix operations are
|
||||
happening simultaneously.
|
||||
|
||||
However, there can still be GC races if you use `nix-instantiate'
|
||||
and `nix-store -r' directly to build things. To prevent races, use
|
||||
the `--add-root' flag of those commands.
|
||||
|
||||
* The garbage collector now finally deletes paths in the right order
|
||||
(i.e., topologically sorted under the `references' relation), thus
|
||||
making it safe to interrupt the collector without risking a store
|
||||
that violates the closure invariant.
|
||||
|
||||
* Likewise, the substitute mechanism now downloads files in the right
|
||||
order, thus preserving the closure invariant at all times.
|
||||
|
||||
* The result of `nix-build' is now registered as a root of the garbage
|
||||
collector. If the `./result' link is deleted, the GC root
|
||||
disappears automatically.
|
||||
|
||||
* The behaviour of the garbage collector can be changed globally by
|
||||
setting options in `/nix/etc/nix/nix.conf'.
|
||||
|
||||
- `gc-keep-derivations' specifies whether deriver links should be
|
||||
followed when searching for live paths.
|
||||
|
||||
- `gc-keep-outputs' specifies whether outputs of derivations should
|
||||
be followed when searching for live paths.
|
||||
|
||||
- `env-keep-derivations' specifies whether user environments should
|
||||
store the paths of derivations when they are added (thus keeping
|
||||
the derivations alive).
|
||||
|
||||
* New `nix-env' query flags `--drv-path' and `--out-path'.
|
||||
|
||||
* `fetchurl' allows SHA-1 and SHA-256 in addition to MD5. Just
|
||||
specify the attribute `sha1' or `sha256' instead of `md5'.
|
||||
|
||||
* Manual updates.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Version 0.7 (January 12, 2005)
|
||||
|
||||
* Binary patching. When upgrading components using pre-built binaries
|
||||
(through nix-pull / nix-channel), Nix can automatically download and
|
||||
apply binary patches to already installed components instead of full
|
||||
downloads. Patching is "smart": if there is a *sequence* of patches
|
||||
to an installed component, Nix will use it. Patches are currently
|
||||
generated automatically between Nixpkgs (pre-)releases.
|
||||
|
||||
* Simplifications to the substitute mechanism.
|
||||
|
||||
* Nix-pull now stores downloaded manifests in /nix/var/nix/manifests.
|
||||
|
||||
* Metadata on files in the Nix store is canonicalised after builds:
|
||||
the last-modified timestamp is set to 0 (00:00:00 1/1/1970), the
|
||||
mode is set to 0444 or 0555 (readable and possibly executable by
|
||||
all; setuid/setgid bits are dropped), and the group is set to the
|
||||
default. This ensures that the result of a build and an
|
||||
installation through a substitute is the same; and that timestamp
|
||||
dependencies are revealed.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Version 0.6 (November 14, 2004)
|
||||
|
||||
Major changes include the following:
|
||||
|
||||
* Rewrite of the normalisation engine.
|
||||
|
||||
* Multiple builds can now be performed in parallel (option `-j').
|
||||
|
||||
* Distributed builds. Nix can now call a shell script to forward
|
||||
builds to Nix installations on remote machines, which may or may
|
||||
not be of the same platform type.
|
||||
|
||||
* Option `--fallback' allows recovery from broken substitutes.
|
||||
|
||||
* Option `--keep-going' causes building of other (unaffected)
|
||||
derivations to continue if one failed.
|
||||
|
||||
* Improvements to the garbage collector (i.e., it should actually work
|
||||
now).
|
||||
|
||||
* Setuid Nix installations allow a Nix store to be shared among
|
||||
multiple users.
|
||||
|
||||
* Substitute registration is much faster now.
|
||||
|
||||
* A utility `nix-build' to build a Nix expression and create a symlink
|
||||
to the result int the current directory; useful for testing Nix
|
||||
derivations.
|
||||
|
||||
* Manual updates.
|
||||
|
||||
* `nix-env' changes:
|
||||
|
||||
* Derivations for other platforms are filtered out (which can be
|
||||
overriden using `--system-filter').
|
||||
|
||||
* `--install' by default now uninstall previous derivations with the
|
||||
same name.
|
||||
|
||||
* `--upgrade' allows upgrading to a specific version.
|
||||
|
||||
* New operation `--delete-generations' to remove profile
|
||||
generations (necessary for effective garbage collection).
|
||||
|
||||
* Nicer output (sorted, columnised).
|
||||
|
||||
* More sensible verbosity levels all around (builder output is now
|
||||
shown always, unless `-Q' is given).
|
||||
|
||||
* Nix expression language changes:
|
||||
|
||||
* New language construct: `with E1; E2' brings all attributes
|
||||
defined in the attribute set E1 in scope in E2.
|
||||
|
||||
* Added a `map' function.
|
||||
|
||||
* Various new operators (e.g., string concatenation).
|
||||
|
||||
* Expression evaluation is much faster.
|
||||
|
||||
* An Emacs mode for editing Nix expressions (with syntax highlighting
|
||||
and indentation) has been added.
|
||||
|
||||
* Many bug fixes.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
Version 0.5 and earlier
|
||||
|
||||
Please refer to the Subversion commit log messages.
|
||||
|
|
@ -37,7 +37,24 @@ manual.html: $(MANUAL_SRCS) manual.is-valid images
|
|||
$(XSLTPROC) --nonet --xinclude --output manual.html \
|
||||
$(docbookxsl)/html/docbook.xsl manual.xml
|
||||
|
||||
all-local: manual.html
|
||||
|
||||
NEWS_OPTS = \
|
||||
--stringparam generate.toc "article nop" \
|
||||
--stringparam section.autolabel.max.depth 0 \
|
||||
--stringparam header.rule 0
|
||||
|
||||
NEWS.html: release-notes.xml
|
||||
$(XSLTPROC) --nonet --xinclude --output $@ $(NEWS_OPTS) \
|
||||
$(docbookxsl)/html/docbook.xsl release-notes.xml
|
||||
|
||||
NEWS.txt: release-notes.xml
|
||||
$(XSLTPROC) --nonet --xinclude quote-literals.xsl release-notes.xml | \
|
||||
$(XSLTPROC) --nonet --output $@.tmp.html $(NEWS_OPTS) \
|
||||
$(docbookxsl)/html/docbook.xsl -
|
||||
w3m -dump $@.tmp.html > $@
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
all-local: manual.html NEWS.html NEWS.txt
|
||||
|
||||
install-data-local: manual.html
|
||||
$(INSTALL) -d $(DESTDIR)$(datadir)/nix/manual
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ collection. It also discusses some advanced topics, such as setting
|
|||
up a Nix-based build farm, and doing service deployment using
|
||||
Nix.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<note><para>Some background information on Nix can be found in three
|
||||
papers. The ICSE 2004 paper <ulink
|
||||
<note><para>Some background information on Nix can be found in a
|
||||
number of papers. The ICSE 2004 paper <ulink
|
||||
url='http://www.cs.uu.nl/~eelco/pubs/immdsd-icse2004-final.pdf'><citetitle>Imposing
|
||||
a Memory Management Discipline on Software
|
||||
Deployment</citetitle></ulink> discusses the hashing mechanism used to
|
||||
|
|
@ -144,7 +144,10 @@ Deployment</citetitle></ulink> gives a more general discussion of Nix
|
|||
from a system-administration perspective. The CBSE 2005 paper <ulink
|
||||
url='http://www.cs.uu.nl/~eelco/pubs/eupfcdm-cbse2005-final.pdf'><citetitle>Efficient
|
||||
Upgrading in a Purely Functional Component Deployment Model
|
||||
</citetitle></ulink> is about transparent patch deployment in
|
||||
Nix.</para></note>
|
||||
</citetitle></ulink> is about transparent patch deployment in Nix.
|
||||
Finally, the SCM-12 paper <ulink
|
||||
url='http://www.cs.uu.nl/~eelco/pubs/servicecm-scm12-final.pdf'>
|
||||
Service Configuration Management</ulink> shows how services (e.g., web
|
||||
servers) can be deployed and managed through Nix.</para></note>
|
||||
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
46
doc/manual/quote-literals.xsl
Normal file
46
doc/manual/quote-literals.xsl
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
|
|||
<?xml version="1.0"?>
|
||||
|
||||
<xsl:stylesheet
|
||||
version="1.0"
|
||||
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
|
||||
xmlns:str="http://exslt.org/strings"
|
||||
extension-element-prefixes="str">
|
||||
|
||||
<xsl:output method="xml"/>
|
||||
|
||||
<xsl:template match="function|command|literal|varname|filename|option|quote">`<xsl:apply-templates/>'</xsl:template>
|
||||
|
||||
<xsl:template match="token"><xsl:text> </xsl:text><xsl:apply-templates /><xsl:text>
|
||||
</xsl:text></xsl:template>
|
||||
|
||||
<xsl:template match="screen|programlisting">
|
||||
<screen><xsl:apply-templates select="str:split(., '
')" /></screen>
|
||||
</xsl:template>
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
<xsl:template match="section/title">
|
||||
<title><xsl:text>FOO
BAR</xsl:text><xsl:value-of select="." /></title>
|
||||
</xsl:template>
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<xsl:template match="section[following::section]">
|
||||
<section>
|
||||
<xsl:apply-templates />
|
||||
<screen><xsl:text>
|
||||
</xsl:text></screen>
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
</xsl:template>
|
||||
|
||||
<xsl:template match="*">
|
||||
<xsl:element name="{name(.)}" namespace="{namespace-uri(.)}">
|
||||
<xsl:copy-of select="namespace::*" />
|
||||
<xsl:for-each select="@*">
|
||||
<xsl:attribute name="{name(.)}" namespace="{namespace-uri(.)}">
|
||||
<xsl:value-of select="."/>
|
||||
</xsl:attribute>
|
||||
</xsl:for-each>
|
||||
<xsl:apply-templates/>
|
||||
</xsl:element>
|
||||
</xsl:template>
|
||||
|
||||
</xsl:stylesheet>
|
||||
505
doc/manual/release-notes.xml
Normal file
505
doc/manual/release-notes.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,505 @@
|
|||
<?xml version="1.0"?>
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE book
|
||||
PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN"
|
||||
"http://www.docbook.org/xml/4.3/docbook-xml-4.3.zip"
|
||||
[
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article><title>Nix Release Notes</title>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<section><title>Release 0.9</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>NOTE: this version of Nix uses Berkeley DB 4.3 instead of 4.2.
|
||||
The database is upgraded automatically, but you should be careful not
|
||||
to use old versions of Nix that still use Berkeley DB 4.2. In
|
||||
particular, if you use a Nix installed through Nix, you should run
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
$ nix-store --clear-substitutes</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
first.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Unpacking of patch sequences is much faster now
|
||||
since we no longer do redundant unpacking and repacking of
|
||||
intermediate paths.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Nix now uses Berkeley DB 4.3.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>The <function>derivation</function> primitive is
|
||||
lazier. Attributes of dependent derivations can mutually refer to
|
||||
each other (as long as there are no data dependencies on the
|
||||
<varname>outPath</varname> and <varname>drvPath</varname> attributes
|
||||
computed by <function>derivation</function>).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For example, the expression <literal>derivation
|
||||
attrs</literal> now evaluates to (essentially)
|
||||
|
||||
<programlisting>
|
||||
attrs // {
|
||||
type = "derivation";
|
||||
outPath = derivation! attrs;
|
||||
drvPath = derivation! attrs;
|
||||
}</programlisting>
|
||||
|
||||
where <function>derivation!</function> is a primop that does the
|
||||
actual derivation instantiation (i.e., it does what
|
||||
<function>derivation</function> used to do). The advantage is that
|
||||
it allows commands such as <command>nix-env -qa</command> and
|
||||
<command>nix-env -i</command> to be much faster since they no longer
|
||||
need to instantiate all derivations, just the
|
||||
<varname>name</varname> attribute.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Also, it allows derivations to cyclically reference each
|
||||
other, for example,
|
||||
|
||||
<programlisting>
|
||||
webServer = derivation {
|
||||
...
|
||||
hostName = "svn.cs.uu.nl";
|
||||
services = [svnService];
|
||||
};
|
||||
 
|
||||
svnService = derivation {
|
||||
...
|
||||
hostName = webServer.hostName;
|
||||
};</programlisting>
|
||||
|
||||
Previously, this would yield a black hole (infinite recursion).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para><command>nix-build</command> now defaults to using
|
||||
<filename>./default.nix</filename> if no Nix expression is
|
||||
specified.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para><command>nix-instantiate</command>, when applied to
|
||||
a Nix expression that evaluates to a function, will call the
|
||||
function automatically if all its arguments have
|
||||
defaults.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Nix now uses libtool to build dynamic libraries.
|
||||
This reduces the size of executables.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>A new list concatenation operator
|
||||
<literal>++</literal>. For example, <literal>[1 2 3] ++ [4 5
|
||||
6]</literal> evaluates to <literal>[1 2 3 4 5
|
||||
6]</literal>.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Some currently undocumented primops to support
|
||||
low-level build management using Nix (i.e., using Nix as a Make
|
||||
replacement). See the commit messages for <literal>r3578</literal>
|
||||
and <literal>r3580</literal>.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Various bug fixes and performance
|
||||
improvements.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<section><title>Release 0.8 (April 11, 2005)</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>NOTE: the hashing scheme in Nix 0.8 changed (as detailed below).
|
||||
As a result, <command>nix-pull</command> manifests and channels built
|
||||
for Nix 0.7 and below will now work anymore. However, the Nix
|
||||
expression language has not changed, so you can still build from
|
||||
source. Also, existing user environments continue to work. Nix 0.8
|
||||
will automatically upgrade the database schema of previous
|
||||
installations when it is first run.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If you get the error message
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
you have an old-style manifest `/nix/var/nix/manifests/[...]'; please
|
||||
delete it</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
you should delete previously downloaded manifests:
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
$ rm /nix/var/nix/manifests/*</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
If <command>nix-channel</command> gives the error message
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
manifest `http://catamaran.labs.cs.uu.nl/dist/nix/channels/[channel]/MANIFEST'
|
||||
is too old (i.e., for Nix <= 0.7)</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
then you should unsubscribe from the offending channel
|
||||
(<command>nix-channel --remove
|
||||
<replaceable>URL</replaceable></command>; leave out
|
||||
<literal>/MANIFEST</literal>), and subscribe to the same URL, with
|
||||
<literal>channels</literal> replaced by <literal>channels-v3</literal>
|
||||
(e.g.,
|
||||
http://catamaran.labs.cs.uu.nl/dist/nix/channels-v3/nixpkgs-unstable).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Nix 0.8 has the following improvements:
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>The cryptographic hashes used in store paths are now
|
||||
160 bits long, but encoded in base-32 so that they are still only 32
|
||||
characters long (e.g.,
|
||||
/nix/store/csw87wag8bqlqk7ipllbwypb14xainap-atk-1.9.0). (This is
|
||||
actually a 160 bit truncation of a SHA-256 hash.)</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Big cleanups and simplifications of the basic store
|
||||
semantics. The notion of "closure store expressions" is gone (and
|
||||
so is the notion of "successors"); the file system references of a
|
||||
store path are now just stored in the database.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For instance, given any store path, you can query its closure:
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
$ nix-store -qR $(which firefox)
|
||||
... lots of paths ...</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
Also, Nix now remembers for each store path the derivation that
|
||||
built it (the "deriver"):
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
$ nix-store -qR $(which firefox)
|
||||
/nix/store/4b0jx7vq80l9aqcnkszxhymsf1ffa5jd-firefox-1.0.1.drv</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
So to see the build-time dependencies, you can do
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
$ nix-store -qR $(nix-store -qd $(which firefox))</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
or, in a nicer format:
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
$ nix-store -q --tree $(nix-store -qd $(which firefox))</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>File system references are also stored in reverse. For
|
||||
instance, you can query all paths that directly or indirectly use a
|
||||
certain Glibc:
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
$ nix-store -q --referers-closure \
|
||||
/nix/store/8lz9yc6zgmc0vlqmn2ipcpkjlmbi51vv-glibc-2.3.4</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>The concept of fixed-output derivations has been
|
||||
formalised. Previously, functions such as
|
||||
<function>fetchurl</function> in Nixpkgs used a hack (namely,
|
||||
explicitly specifying a store path hash) to prevent changes to, say,
|
||||
the URL of the file from propagating upwards through the dependency
|
||||
graph, causing rebuilds of everything. This can now be done cleanly
|
||||
by specifying the <varname>outputHash</varname> and
|
||||
<varname>outputHashAlgo</varname> attributes. Nix itself checks
|
||||
that the content of the output has the specified hash. (This is
|
||||
important for maintaining certain invariants necessary for future
|
||||
work on secure shared stores.)</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>One-click installation :-) It is now possible to
|
||||
install any top-level component in Nixpkgs directly, through the web
|
||||
- see, e.g., http://catamaran.labs.cs.uu.nl/dist/nixpkgs-0.8/. All
|
||||
you have to do is associate
|
||||
<filename>/nix/bin/nix-install-package</filename> with the MIME type
|
||||
<literal>application/nix-package</literal> (or the extension
|
||||
<filename>.nixpkg</filename>), and clicking on a package link will
|
||||
cause it to be installed, with all appropriate dependencies. If you
|
||||
just want to install some specific application, this is easier than
|
||||
subscribing to a channel.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para><command>nix-store -r
|
||||
<replaceable>PATHS</replaceable></command> now builds all the
|
||||
derivations PATHS in parallel. Previously it did them sequentially
|
||||
(though exploiting possible parallelism between subderivations).
|
||||
This is nice for build farms.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para><command>nix-channel</command> has new operations
|
||||
<option>--list</option> and
|
||||
<option>--remove</option>.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>New ways of installing components into user
|
||||
environments:
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Copy from another user environment:
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
$ nix-env -i --from-profile .../other-profile firefox</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Install a store derivation directly (bypassing the
|
||||
Nix expression language entirely):
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
$ nix-env -i /nix/store/z58v41v21xd3...-aterm-2.3.1.drv</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
(This is used to implement <command>nix-install-package</command>,
|
||||
which is therefore immune to evolution in the Nix expression
|
||||
language.)</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Install an already built store path directly:
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
$ nix-env -i /nix/store/hsyj5pbn0d9i...-aterm-2.3.1</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Install the result of a Nix expression specified
|
||||
as a command-line argument:
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>
|
||||
$ nix-env -f .../i686-linux.nix -i -E 'x: x.firefoxWrapper'</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
The difference with the normal installation mode is that
|
||||
<option>-E</option> does not use the <varname>name</varname>
|
||||
attributes of derivations. Therefore, this can be used to
|
||||
disambiguate multiple derivations with the same
|
||||
name.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist></para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>A hash of the contents of a store path is now stored
|
||||
in the database after a succesful build. This allows you to check
|
||||
whether store paths have been tampered with: <command>nix-store
|
||||
--verify --check-contents</command>.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Implemented a concurrent garbage collector. It is now
|
||||
always safe to run the garbage collector, even if other Nix
|
||||
operations are happening simultaneously.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>However, there can still be GC races if you use
|
||||
<command>nix-instantiate</command> and <command>nix-store
|
||||
--realise</command> directly to build things. To prevent races,
|
||||
use the <option>--add-root</option> flag of those commands.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>The garbage collector now finally deletes paths in
|
||||
the right order (i.e., topologically sorted under the
|
||||
<quote>references</quote> relation), thus making it safe to
|
||||
interrupt the collector without risking a store that violates the
|
||||
closure invariant.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Likewise, the substitute mechanism now downloads
|
||||
files in the right order, thus preserving the closure invariant at
|
||||
all times.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>The result of <command>nix-build</command> is now
|
||||
registered as a root of the garbage collector. If the
|
||||
<filename>./result</filename> link is deleted, the GC root
|
||||
disappears automatically.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The behaviour of the garbage collector can be changed
|
||||
globally by setting options in
|
||||
<filename>/nix/etc/nix/nix.conf</filename>.
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para><literal>gc-keep-derivations</literal> specifies
|
||||
whether deriver links should be followed when searching for live
|
||||
paths.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para><literal>gc-keep-outputs</literal> specifies
|
||||
whether outputs of derivations should be followed when searching
|
||||
for live paths.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para><literal>env-keep-derivations</literal>
|
||||
specifies whether user environments should store the paths of
|
||||
derivations when they are added (thus keeping the derivations
|
||||
alive).</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>New <command>nix-env</command> query flags
|
||||
<option>--drv-path</option> and
|
||||
<option>--out-path</option>.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para><command>fetchurl</command> allows SHA-1 and SHA-256
|
||||
in addition to MD5. Just specify the attribute
|
||||
<varname>sha1</varname> or <varname>sha256</varname> instead of
|
||||
<varname>md5</varname>.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Manual updates.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<section><title>Release 0.7 (January 12, 2005)</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Binary patching. When upgrading components using
|
||||
pre-built binaries (through nix-pull / nix-channel), Nix can
|
||||
automatically download and apply binary patches to already installed
|
||||
components instead of full downloads. Patching is "smart": if there
|
||||
is a *sequence* of patches to an installed component, Nix will use
|
||||
it. Patches are currently generated automatically between Nixpkgs
|
||||
(pre-)releases.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Simplifications to the substitute
|
||||
mechanism.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Nix-pull now stores downloaded manifests in
|
||||
/nix/var/nix/manifests.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Metadata on files in the Nix store is canonicalised
|
||||
after builds: the last-modified timestamp is set to 0 (00:00:00
|
||||
1/1/1970), the mode is set to 0444 or 0555 (readable and possibly
|
||||
executable by all; setuid/setgid bits are dropped), and the group is
|
||||
set to the default. This ensures that the result of a build and an
|
||||
installation through a substitute is the same; and that timestamp
|
||||
dependencies are revealed.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<section><title>Release 0.6 (November 14, 2004)</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Rewrite of the normalisation engine.
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Multiple builds can now be performed in parallel
|
||||
(option <option>-j</option>).</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Distributed builds. Nix can now call a shell
|
||||
script to forward builds to Nix installations on remote
|
||||
machines, which may or may not be of the same platform
|
||||
type.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Option <option>--fallback</option> allows
|
||||
recovery from broken substitutes.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Option <option>--keep-going</option> causes
|
||||
building of other (unaffected) derivations to continue if one
|
||||
failed.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Improvements to the garbage collector (i.e., it
|
||||
should actually work now).</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Setuid Nix installations allow a Nix store to be
|
||||
shared among multiple users.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Substitute registration is much faster
|
||||
now.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>A utility <command>nix-build</command> to build a
|
||||
Nix expression and create a symlink to the result int the current
|
||||
directory; useful for testing Nix derivations.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Manual updates.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><command>nix-env</command> changes:
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Derivations for other platforms are filtered out
|
||||
(which can be overriden using
|
||||
<option>--system-filter</option>).</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para><option>--install</option> by default now
|
||||
uninstall previous derivations with the same
|
||||
name.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para><option>--upgrade</option> allows upgrading to a
|
||||
specific version.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>New operation
|
||||
<option>--delete-generations</option> to remove profile
|
||||
generations (necessary for effective garbage
|
||||
collection).</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Nicer output (sorted,
|
||||
columnised).</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>More sensible verbosity levels all around (builder
|
||||
output is now shown always, unless <option>-Q</option> is
|
||||
given).</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Nix expression language changes:
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>New language construct: <literal>with
|
||||
<replaceable>E1</replaceable>;
|
||||
<replaceable>E2</replaceable></literal> brings all attributes
|
||||
defined in the attribute set <replaceable>E1</replaceable> in
|
||||
scope in <replaceable>E2</replaceable>.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Added a <function>map</function>
|
||||
function.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Various new operators (e.g., string
|
||||
concatenation).</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Expression evaluation is much
|
||||
faster.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>An Emacs mode for editing Nix expressions (with
|
||||
syntax highlighting and indentation) has been
|
||||
added.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem><para>Many bug fixes.</para></listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<section><title>Release 0.5 and earlier</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Please refer to the Subversion commit log messages.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1046,6 +1046,11 @@ weakest binding).</para>
|
|||
contains an attribute named
|
||||
<replaceable>id</replaceable>.</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry><replaceable>e1</replaceable> ++ <replaceable>e2</replaceable></entry>
|
||||
<entry>right</entry>
|
||||
<entry>List concatenation.</entry>
|
||||
</row>
|
||||
<row>
|
||||
<entry><replaceable>e1</replaceable> + <replaceable>e2</replaceable></entry>
|
||||
<entry>left</entry>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue