From e4973367c6d71e336e54cfd000b23d616cc15f39 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ludovic Stephan <ludovic.stephan@ens.fr>
Date: Sat, 19 Sep 2020 12:14:43 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Add clean target

---
 kfet/static/kfet/src/kpsul/Makefile     |    9 +-
 kfet/static/kfet/src/kpsul/kpsul.src.js | 4087 -----------------------
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 4090 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 kfet/static/kfet/src/kpsul/kpsul.src.js

diff --git a/kfet/static/kfet/src/kpsul/Makefile b/kfet/static/kfet/src/kpsul/Makefile
index d460950f..0100549f 100644
--- a/kfet/static/kfet/src/kpsul/Makefile
+++ b/kfet/static/kfet/src/kpsul/Makefile
@@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ TARGET = ../../js/kpsul.min.js
 FLAGS = 
 
 
-build: concat minify
+build: concat minify clean
 # For dev use : we don't minify
-dev: concat cp
+dev: concat cp clean
 
 concat:
 	@cat $(LIBS) $(MODELS) $(MANAGERS) $(ENTRYPOINT) > $(CONCAT_FILE)
@@ -22,4 +22,7 @@ cp:
 	@cp $(CONCAT_FILE) $(TARGET)
 
 minify:
-	terser $(CONCAT_FILE) -o $(TARGET) $(FLAGS)
\ No newline at end of file
+	terser $(CONCAT_FILE) -o $(TARGET) $(FLAGS)
+
+clean: 
+	@rm $(CONCAT_FILE)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/kfet/static/kfet/src/kpsul/kpsul.src.js b/kfet/static/kfet/src/kpsul/kpsul.src.js
deleted file mode 100644
index c5bc4bf6..00000000
--- a/kfet/static/kfet/src/kpsul/kpsul.src.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4087 +0,0 @@
-//     Underscore.js 1.9.1
-//     http://underscorejs.org
-//     (c) 2009-2018 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors
-//     Underscore may be freely distributed under the MIT license.
-
-(function() {
-
-  // Baseline setup
-  // --------------
-
-  // Establish the root object, `window` (`self`) in the browser, `global`
-  // on the server, or `this` in some virtual machines. We use `self`
-  // instead of `window` for `WebWorker` support.
-  var root = typeof self == 'object' && self.self === self && self ||
-            typeof global == 'object' && global.global === global && global ||
-            this ||
-            {};
-
-  // Save the previous value of the `_` variable.
-  var previousUnderscore = root._;
-
-  // Save bytes in the minified (but not gzipped) version:
-  var ArrayProto = Array.prototype, ObjProto = Object.prototype;
-  var SymbolProto = typeof Symbol !== 'undefined' ? Symbol.prototype : null;
-
-  // Create quick reference variables for speed access to core prototypes.
-  var push = ArrayProto.push,
-      slice = ArrayProto.slice,
-      toString = ObjProto.toString,
-      hasOwnProperty = ObjProto.hasOwnProperty;
-
-  // All **ECMAScript 5** native function implementations that we hope to use
-  // are declared here.
-  var nativeIsArray = Array.isArray,
-      nativeKeys = Object.keys,
-      nativeCreate = Object.create;
-
-  // Naked function reference for surrogate-prototype-swapping.
-  var Ctor = function(){};
-
-  // Create a safe reference to the Underscore object for use below.
-  var _ = function(obj) {
-    if (obj instanceof _) return obj;
-    if (!(this instanceof _)) return new _(obj);
-    this._wrapped = obj;
-  };
-
-  // Export the Underscore object for **Node.js**, with
-  // backwards-compatibility for their old module API. If we're in
-  // the browser, add `_` as a global object.
-  // (`nodeType` is checked to ensure that `module`
-  // and `exports` are not HTML elements.)
-  if (typeof exports != 'undefined' && !exports.nodeType) {
-    if (typeof module != 'undefined' && !module.nodeType && module.exports) {
-      exports = module.exports = _;
-    }
-    exports._ = _;
-  } else {
-    root._ = _;
-  }
-
-  // Current version.
-  _.VERSION = '1.9.1';
-
-  // Internal function that returns an efficient (for current engines) version
-  // of the passed-in callback, to be repeatedly applied in other Underscore
-  // functions.
-  var optimizeCb = function(func, context, argCount) {
-    if (context === void 0) return func;
-    switch (argCount == null ? 3 : argCount) {
-      case 1: return function(value) {
-        return func.call(context, value);
-      };
-      // The 2-argument case is omitted because we’re not using it.
-      case 3: return function(value, index, collection) {
-        return func.call(context, value, index, collection);
-      };
-      case 4: return function(accumulator, value, index, collection) {
-        return func.call(context, accumulator, value, index, collection);
-      };
-    }
-    return function() {
-      return func.apply(context, arguments);
-    };
-  };
-
-  var builtinIteratee;
-
-  // An internal function to generate callbacks that can be applied to each
-  // element in a collection, returning the desired result — either `identity`,
-  // an arbitrary callback, a property matcher, or a property accessor.
-  var cb = function(value, context, argCount) {
-    if (_.iteratee !== builtinIteratee) return _.iteratee(value, context);
-    if (value == null) return _.identity;
-    if (_.isFunction(value)) return optimizeCb(value, context, argCount);
-    if (_.isObject(value) && !_.isArray(value)) return _.matcher(value);
-    return _.property(value);
-  };
-
-  // External wrapper for our callback generator. Users may customize
-  // `_.iteratee` if they want additional predicate/iteratee shorthand styles.
-  // This abstraction hides the internal-only argCount argument.
-  _.iteratee = builtinIteratee = function(value, context) {
-    return cb(value, context, Infinity);
-  };
-
-  // Some functions take a variable number of arguments, or a few expected
-  // arguments at the beginning and then a variable number of values to operate
-  // on. This helper accumulates all remaining arguments past the function’s
-  // argument length (or an explicit `startIndex`), into an array that becomes
-  // the last argument. Similar to ES6’s "rest parameter".
-  var restArguments = function(func, startIndex) {
-    startIndex = startIndex == null ? func.length - 1 : +startIndex;
-    return function() {
-      var length = Math.max(arguments.length - startIndex, 0),
-          rest = Array(length),
-          index = 0;
-      for (; index < length; index++) {
-        rest[index] = arguments[index + startIndex];
-      }
-      switch (startIndex) {
-        case 0: return func.call(this, rest);
-        case 1: return func.call(this, arguments[0], rest);
-        case 2: return func.call(this, arguments[0], arguments[1], rest);
-      }
-      var args = Array(startIndex + 1);
-      for (index = 0; index < startIndex; index++) {
-        args[index] = arguments[index];
-      }
-      args[startIndex] = rest;
-      return func.apply(this, args);
-    };
-  };
-
-  // An internal function for creating a new object that inherits from another.
-  var baseCreate = function(prototype) {
-    if (!_.isObject(prototype)) return {};
-    if (nativeCreate) return nativeCreate(prototype);
-    Ctor.prototype = prototype;
-    var result = new Ctor;
-    Ctor.prototype = null;
-    return result;
-  };
-
-  var shallowProperty = function(key) {
-    return function(obj) {
-      return obj == null ? void 0 : obj[key];
-    };
-  };
-
-  var has = function(obj, path) {
-    return obj != null && hasOwnProperty.call(obj, path);
-  }
-
-  var deepGet = function(obj, path) {
-    var length = path.length;
-    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-      if (obj == null) return void 0;
-      obj = obj[path[i]];
-    }
-    return length ? obj : void 0;
-  };
-
-  // Helper for collection methods to determine whether a collection
-  // should be iterated as an array or as an object.
-  // Related: http://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-tolength
-  // Avoids a very nasty iOS 8 JIT bug on ARM-64. #2094
-  var MAX_ARRAY_INDEX = Math.pow(2, 53) - 1;
-  var getLength = shallowProperty('length');
-  var isArrayLike = function(collection) {
-    var length = getLength(collection);
-    return typeof length == 'number' && length >= 0 && length <= MAX_ARRAY_INDEX;
-  };
-
-  // Collection Functions
-  // --------------------
-
-  // The cornerstone, an `each` implementation, aka `forEach`.
-  // Handles raw objects in addition to array-likes. Treats all
-  // sparse array-likes as if they were dense.
-  _.each = _.forEach = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
-    iteratee = optimizeCb(iteratee, context);
-    var i, length;
-    if (isArrayLike(obj)) {
-      for (i = 0, length = obj.length; i < length; i++) {
-        iteratee(obj[i], i, obj);
-      }
-    } else {
-      var keys = _.keys(obj);
-      for (i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
-        iteratee(obj[keys[i]], keys[i], obj);
-      }
-    }
-    return obj;
-  };
-
-  // Return the results of applying the iteratee to each element.
-  _.map = _.collect = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
-    iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
-    var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
-        length = (keys || obj).length,
-        results = Array(length);
-    for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
-      var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
-      results[index] = iteratee(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj);
-    }
-    return results;
-  };
-
-  // Create a reducing function iterating left or right.
-  var createReduce = function(dir) {
-    // Wrap code that reassigns argument variables in a separate function than
-    // the one that accesses `arguments.length` to avoid a perf hit. (#1991)
-    var reducer = function(obj, iteratee, memo, initial) {
-      var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
-          length = (keys || obj).length,
-          index = dir > 0 ? 0 : length - 1;
-      if (!initial) {
-        memo = obj[keys ? keys[index] : index];
-        index += dir;
-      }
-      for (; index >= 0 && index < length; index += dir) {
-        var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
-        memo = iteratee(memo, obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj);
-      }
-      return memo;
-    };
-
-    return function(obj, iteratee, memo, context) {
-      var initial = arguments.length >= 3;
-      return reducer(obj, optimizeCb(iteratee, context, 4), memo, initial);
-    };
-  };
-
-  // **Reduce** builds up a single result from a list of values, aka `inject`,
-  // or `foldl`.
-  _.reduce = _.foldl = _.inject = createReduce(1);
-
-  // The right-associative version of reduce, also known as `foldr`.
-  _.reduceRight = _.foldr = createReduce(-1);
-
-  // Return the first value which passes a truth test. Aliased as `detect`.
-  _.find = _.detect = function(obj, predicate, context) {
-    var keyFinder = isArrayLike(obj) ? _.findIndex : _.findKey;
-    var key = keyFinder(obj, predicate, context);
-    if (key !== void 0 && key !== -1) return obj[key];
-  };
-
-  // Return all the elements that pass a truth test.
-  // Aliased as `select`.
-  _.filter = _.select = function(obj, predicate, context) {
-    var results = [];
-    predicate = cb(predicate, context);
-    _.each(obj, function(value, index, list) {
-      if (predicate(value, index, list)) results.push(value);
-    });
-    return results;
-  };
-
-  // Return all the elements for which a truth test fails.
-  _.reject = function(obj, predicate, context) {
-    return _.filter(obj, _.negate(cb(predicate)), context);
-  };
-
-  // Determine whether all of the elements match a truth test.
-  // Aliased as `all`.
-  _.every = _.all = function(obj, predicate, context) {
-    predicate = cb(predicate, context);
-    var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
-        length = (keys || obj).length;
-    for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
-      var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
-      if (!predicate(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj)) return false;
-    }
-    return true;
-  };
-
-  // Determine if at least one element in the object matches a truth test.
-  // Aliased as `any`.
-  _.some = _.any = function(obj, predicate, context) {
-    predicate = cb(predicate, context);
-    var keys = !isArrayLike(obj) && _.keys(obj),
-        length = (keys || obj).length;
-    for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
-      var currentKey = keys ? keys[index] : index;
-      if (predicate(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj)) return true;
-    }
-    return false;
-  };
-
-  // Determine if the array or object contains a given item (using `===`).
-  // Aliased as `includes` and `include`.
-  _.contains = _.includes = _.include = function(obj, item, fromIndex, guard) {
-    if (!isArrayLike(obj)) obj = _.values(obj);
-    if (typeof fromIndex != 'number' || guard) fromIndex = 0;
-    return _.indexOf(obj, item, fromIndex) >= 0;
-  };
-
-  // Invoke a method (with arguments) on every item in a collection.
-  _.invoke = restArguments(function(obj, path, args) {
-    var contextPath, func;
-    if (_.isFunction(path)) {
-      func = path;
-    } else if (_.isArray(path)) {
-      contextPath = path.slice(0, -1);
-      path = path[path.length - 1];
-    }
-    return _.map(obj, function(context) {
-      var method = func;
-      if (!method) {
-        if (contextPath && contextPath.length) {
-          context = deepGet(context, contextPath);
-        }
-        if (context == null) return void 0;
-        method = context[path];
-      }
-      return method == null ? method : method.apply(context, args);
-    });
-  });
-
-  // Convenience version of a common use case of `map`: fetching a property.
-  _.pluck = function(obj, key) {
-    return _.map(obj, _.property(key));
-  };
-
-  // Convenience version of a common use case of `filter`: selecting only objects
-  // containing specific `key:value` pairs.
-  _.where = function(obj, attrs) {
-    return _.filter(obj, _.matcher(attrs));
-  };
-
-  // Convenience version of a common use case of `find`: getting the first object
-  // containing specific `key:value` pairs.
-  _.findWhere = function(obj, attrs) {
-    return _.find(obj, _.matcher(attrs));
-  };
-
-  // Return the maximum element (or element-based computation).
-  _.max = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
-    var result = -Infinity, lastComputed = -Infinity,
-        value, computed;
-    if (iteratee == null || typeof iteratee == 'number' && typeof obj[0] != 'object' && obj != null) {
-      obj = isArrayLike(obj) ? obj : _.values(obj);
-      for (var i = 0, length = obj.length; i < length; i++) {
-        value = obj[i];
-        if (value != null && value > result) {
-          result = value;
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
-      _.each(obj, function(v, index, list) {
-        computed = iteratee(v, index, list);
-        if (computed > lastComputed || computed === -Infinity && result === -Infinity) {
-          result = v;
-          lastComputed = computed;
-        }
-      });
-    }
-    return result;
-  };
-
-  // Return the minimum element (or element-based computation).
-  _.min = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
-    var result = Infinity, lastComputed = Infinity,
-        value, computed;
-    if (iteratee == null || typeof iteratee == 'number' && typeof obj[0] != 'object' && obj != null) {
-      obj = isArrayLike(obj) ? obj : _.values(obj);
-      for (var i = 0, length = obj.length; i < length; i++) {
-        value = obj[i];
-        if (value != null && value < result) {
-          result = value;
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
-      _.each(obj, function(v, index, list) {
-        computed = iteratee(v, index, list);
-        if (computed < lastComputed || computed === Infinity && result === Infinity) {
-          result = v;
-          lastComputed = computed;
-        }
-      });
-    }
-    return result;
-  };
-
-  // Shuffle a collection.
-  _.shuffle = function(obj) {
-    return _.sample(obj, Infinity);
-  };
-
-  // Sample **n** random values from a collection using the modern version of the
-  // [Fisher-Yates shuffle](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher–Yates_shuffle).
-  // If **n** is not specified, returns a single random element.
-  // The internal `guard` argument allows it to work with `map`.
-  _.sample = function(obj, n, guard) {
-    if (n == null || guard) {
-      if (!isArrayLike(obj)) obj = _.values(obj);
-      return obj[_.random(obj.length - 1)];
-    }
-    var sample = isArrayLike(obj) ? _.clone(obj) : _.values(obj);
-    var length = getLength(sample);
-    n = Math.max(Math.min(n, length), 0);
-    var last = length - 1;
-    for (var index = 0; index < n; index++) {
-      var rand = _.random(index, last);
-      var temp = sample[index];
-      sample[index] = sample[rand];
-      sample[rand] = temp;
-    }
-    return sample.slice(0, n);
-  };
-
-  // Sort the object's values by a criterion produced by an iteratee.
-  _.sortBy = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
-    var index = 0;
-    iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
-    return _.pluck(_.map(obj, function(value, key, list) {
-      return {
-        value: value,
-        index: index++,
-        criteria: iteratee(value, key, list)
-      };
-    }).sort(function(left, right) {
-      var a = left.criteria;
-      var b = right.criteria;
-      if (a !== b) {
-        if (a > b || a === void 0) return 1;
-        if (a < b || b === void 0) return -1;
-      }
-      return left.index - right.index;
-    }), 'value');
-  };
-
-  // An internal function used for aggregate "group by" operations.
-  var group = function(behavior, partition) {
-    return function(obj, iteratee, context) {
-      var result = partition ? [[], []] : {};
-      iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
-      _.each(obj, function(value, index) {
-        var key = iteratee(value, index, obj);
-        behavior(result, value, key);
-      });
-      return result;
-    };
-  };
-
-  // Groups the object's values by a criterion. Pass either a string attribute
-  // to group by, or a function that returns the criterion.
-  _.groupBy = group(function(result, value, key) {
-    if (has(result, key)) result[key].push(value); else result[key] = [value];
-  });
-
-  // Indexes the object's values by a criterion, similar to `groupBy`, but for
-  // when you know that your index values will be unique.
-  _.indexBy = group(function(result, value, key) {
-    result[key] = value;
-  });
-
-  // Counts instances of an object that group by a certain criterion. Pass
-  // either a string attribute to count by, or a function that returns the
-  // criterion.
-  _.countBy = group(function(result, value, key) {
-    if (has(result, key)) result[key]++; else result[key] = 1;
-  });
-
-  var reStrSymbol = /[^\ud800-\udfff]|[\ud800-\udbff][\udc00-\udfff]|[\ud800-\udfff]/g;
-  // Safely create a real, live array from anything iterable.
-  _.toArray = function(obj) {
-    if (!obj) return [];
-    if (_.isArray(obj)) return slice.call(obj);
-    if (_.isString(obj)) {
-      // Keep surrogate pair characters together
-      return obj.match(reStrSymbol);
-    }
-    if (isArrayLike(obj)) return _.map(obj, _.identity);
-    return _.values(obj);
-  };
-
-  // Return the number of elements in an object.
-  _.size = function(obj) {
-    if (obj == null) return 0;
-    return isArrayLike(obj) ? obj.length : _.keys(obj).length;
-  };
-
-  // Split a collection into two arrays: one whose elements all satisfy the given
-  // predicate, and one whose elements all do not satisfy the predicate.
-  _.partition = group(function(result, value, pass) {
-    result[pass ? 0 : 1].push(value);
-  }, true);
-
-  // Array Functions
-  // ---------------
-
-  // Get the first element of an array. Passing **n** will return the first N
-  // values in the array. Aliased as `head` and `take`. The **guard** check
-  // allows it to work with `_.map`.
-  _.first = _.head = _.take = function(array, n, guard) {
-    if (array == null || array.length < 1) return n == null ? void 0 : [];
-    if (n == null || guard) return array[0];
-    return _.initial(array, array.length - n);
-  };
-
-  // Returns everything but the last entry of the array. Especially useful on
-  // the arguments object. Passing **n** will return all the values in
-  // the array, excluding the last N.
-  _.initial = function(array, n, guard) {
-    return slice.call(array, 0, Math.max(0, array.length - (n == null || guard ? 1 : n)));
-  };
-
-  // Get the last element of an array. Passing **n** will return the last N
-  // values in the array.
-  _.last = function(array, n, guard) {
-    if (array == null || array.length < 1) return n == null ? void 0 : [];
-    if (n == null || guard) return array[array.length - 1];
-    return _.rest(array, Math.max(0, array.length - n));
-  };
-
-  // Returns everything but the first entry of the array. Aliased as `tail` and `drop`.
-  // Especially useful on the arguments object. Passing an **n** will return
-  // the rest N values in the array.
-  _.rest = _.tail = _.drop = function(array, n, guard) {
-    return slice.call(array, n == null || guard ? 1 : n);
-  };
-
-  // Trim out all falsy values from an array.
-  _.compact = function(array) {
-    return _.filter(array, Boolean);
-  };
-
-  // Internal implementation of a recursive `flatten` function.
-  var flatten = function(input, shallow, strict, output) {
-    output = output || [];
-    var idx = output.length;
-    for (var i = 0, length = getLength(input); i < length; i++) {
-      var value = input[i];
-      if (isArrayLike(value) && (_.isArray(value) || _.isArguments(value))) {
-        // Flatten current level of array or arguments object.
-        if (shallow) {
-          var j = 0, len = value.length;
-          while (j < len) output[idx++] = value[j++];
-        } else {
-          flatten(value, shallow, strict, output);
-          idx = output.length;
-        }
-      } else if (!strict) {
-        output[idx++] = value;
-      }
-    }
-    return output;
-  };
-
-  // Flatten out an array, either recursively (by default), or just one level.
-  _.flatten = function(array, shallow) {
-    return flatten(array, shallow, false);
-  };
-
-  // Return a version of the array that does not contain the specified value(s).
-  _.without = restArguments(function(array, otherArrays) {
-    return _.difference(array, otherArrays);
-  });
-
-  // Produce a duplicate-free version of the array. If the array has already
-  // been sorted, you have the option of using a faster algorithm.
-  // The faster algorithm will not work with an iteratee if the iteratee
-  // is not a one-to-one function, so providing an iteratee will disable
-  // the faster algorithm.
-  // Aliased as `unique`.
-  _.uniq = _.unique = function(array, isSorted, iteratee, context) {
-    if (!_.isBoolean(isSorted)) {
-      context = iteratee;
-      iteratee = isSorted;
-      isSorted = false;
-    }
-    if (iteratee != null) iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
-    var result = [];
-    var seen = [];
-    for (var i = 0, length = getLength(array); i < length; i++) {
-      var value = array[i],
-          computed = iteratee ? iteratee(value, i, array) : value;
-      if (isSorted && !iteratee) {
-        if (!i || seen !== computed) result.push(value);
-        seen = computed;
-      } else if (iteratee) {
-        if (!_.contains(seen, computed)) {
-          seen.push(computed);
-          result.push(value);
-        }
-      } else if (!_.contains(result, value)) {
-        result.push(value);
-      }
-    }
-    return result;
-  };
-
-  // Produce an array that contains the union: each distinct element from all of
-  // the passed-in arrays.
-  _.union = restArguments(function(arrays) {
-    return _.uniq(flatten(arrays, true, true));
-  });
-
-  // Produce an array that contains every item shared between all the
-  // passed-in arrays.
-  _.intersection = function(array) {
-    var result = [];
-    var argsLength = arguments.length;
-    for (var i = 0, length = getLength(array); i < length; i++) {
-      var item = array[i];
-      if (_.contains(result, item)) continue;
-      var j;
-      for (j = 1; j < argsLength; j++) {
-        if (!_.contains(arguments[j], item)) break;
-      }
-      if (j === argsLength) result.push(item);
-    }
-    return result;
-  };
-
-  // Take the difference between one array and a number of other arrays.
-  // Only the elements present in just the first array will remain.
-  _.difference = restArguments(function(array, rest) {
-    rest = flatten(rest, true, true);
-    return _.filter(array, function(value){
-      return !_.contains(rest, value);
-    });
-  });
-
-  // Complement of _.zip. Unzip accepts an array of arrays and groups
-  // each array's elements on shared indices.
-  _.unzip = function(array) {
-    var length = array && _.max(array, getLength).length || 0;
-    var result = Array(length);
-
-    for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
-      result[index] = _.pluck(array, index);
-    }
-    return result;
-  };
-
-  // Zip together multiple lists into a single array -- elements that share
-  // an index go together.
-  _.zip = restArguments(_.unzip);
-
-  // Converts lists into objects. Pass either a single array of `[key, value]`
-  // pairs, or two parallel arrays of the same length -- one of keys, and one of
-  // the corresponding values. Passing by pairs is the reverse of _.pairs.
-  _.object = function(list, values) {
-    var result = {};
-    for (var i = 0, length = getLength(list); i < length; i++) {
-      if (values) {
-        result[list[i]] = values[i];
-      } else {
-        result[list[i][0]] = list[i][1];
-      }
-    }
-    return result;
-  };
-
-  // Generator function to create the findIndex and findLastIndex functions.
-  var createPredicateIndexFinder = function(dir) {
-    return function(array, predicate, context) {
-      predicate = cb(predicate, context);
-      var length = getLength(array);
-      var index = dir > 0 ? 0 : length - 1;
-      for (; index >= 0 && index < length; index += dir) {
-        if (predicate(array[index], index, array)) return index;
-      }
-      return -1;
-    };
-  };
-
-  // Returns the first index on an array-like that passes a predicate test.
-  _.findIndex = createPredicateIndexFinder(1);
-  _.findLastIndex = createPredicateIndexFinder(-1);
-
-  // Use a comparator function to figure out the smallest index at which
-  // an object should be inserted so as to maintain order. Uses binary search.
-  _.sortedIndex = function(array, obj, iteratee, context) {
-    iteratee = cb(iteratee, context, 1);
-    var value = iteratee(obj);
-    var low = 0, high = getLength(array);
-    while (low < high) {
-      var mid = Math.floor((low + high) / 2);
-      if (iteratee(array[mid]) < value) low = mid + 1; else high = mid;
-    }
-    return low;
-  };
-
-  // Generator function to create the indexOf and lastIndexOf functions.
-  var createIndexFinder = function(dir, predicateFind, sortedIndex) {
-    return function(array, item, idx) {
-      var i = 0, length = getLength(array);
-      if (typeof idx == 'number') {
-        if (dir > 0) {
-          i = idx >= 0 ? idx : Math.max(idx + length, i);
-        } else {
-          length = idx >= 0 ? Math.min(idx + 1, length) : idx + length + 1;
-        }
-      } else if (sortedIndex && idx && length) {
-        idx = sortedIndex(array, item);
-        return array[idx] === item ? idx : -1;
-      }
-      if (item !== item) {
-        idx = predicateFind(slice.call(array, i, length), _.isNaN);
-        return idx >= 0 ? idx + i : -1;
-      }
-      for (idx = dir > 0 ? i : length - 1; idx >= 0 && idx < length; idx += dir) {
-        if (array[idx] === item) return idx;
-      }
-      return -1;
-    };
-  };
-
-  // Return the position of the first occurrence of an item in an array,
-  // or -1 if the item is not included in the array.
-  // If the array is large and already in sort order, pass `true`
-  // for **isSorted** to use binary search.
-  _.indexOf = createIndexFinder(1, _.findIndex, _.sortedIndex);
-  _.lastIndexOf = createIndexFinder(-1, _.findLastIndex);
-
-  // Generate an integer Array containing an arithmetic progression. A port of
-  // the native Python `range()` function. See
-  // [the Python documentation](http://docs.python.org/library/functions.html#range).
-  _.range = function(start, stop, step) {
-    if (stop == null) {
-      stop = start || 0;
-      start = 0;
-    }
-    if (!step) {
-      step = stop < start ? -1 : 1;
-    }
-
-    var length = Math.max(Math.ceil((stop - start) / step), 0);
-    var range = Array(length);
-
-    for (var idx = 0; idx < length; idx++, start += step) {
-      range[idx] = start;
-    }
-
-    return range;
-  };
-
-  // Chunk a single array into multiple arrays, each containing `count` or fewer
-  // items.
-  _.chunk = function(array, count) {
-    if (count == null || count < 1) return [];
-    var result = [];
-    var i = 0, length = array.length;
-    while (i < length) {
-      result.push(slice.call(array, i, i += count));
-    }
-    return result;
-  };
-
-  // Function (ahem) Functions
-  // ------------------
-
-  // Determines whether to execute a function as a constructor
-  // or a normal function with the provided arguments.
-  var executeBound = function(sourceFunc, boundFunc, context, callingContext, args) {
-    if (!(callingContext instanceof boundFunc)) return sourceFunc.apply(context, args);
-    var self = baseCreate(sourceFunc.prototype);
-    var result = sourceFunc.apply(self, args);
-    if (_.isObject(result)) return result;
-    return self;
-  };
-
-  // Create a function bound to a given object (assigning `this`, and arguments,
-  // optionally). Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Function.bind` if
-  // available.
-  _.bind = restArguments(function(func, context, args) {
-    if (!_.isFunction(func)) throw new TypeError('Bind must be called on a function');
-    var bound = restArguments(function(callArgs) {
-      return executeBound(func, bound, context, this, args.concat(callArgs));
-    });
-    return bound;
-  });
-
-  // Partially apply a function by creating a version that has had some of its
-  // arguments pre-filled, without changing its dynamic `this` context. _ acts
-  // as a placeholder by default, allowing any combination of arguments to be
-  // pre-filled. Set `_.partial.placeholder` for a custom placeholder argument.
-  _.partial = restArguments(function(func, boundArgs) {
-    var placeholder = _.partial.placeholder;
-    var bound = function() {
-      var position = 0, length = boundArgs.length;
-      var args = Array(length);
-      for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-        args[i] = boundArgs[i] === placeholder ? arguments[position++] : boundArgs[i];
-      }
-      while (position < arguments.length) args.push(arguments[position++]);
-      return executeBound(func, bound, this, this, args);
-    };
-    return bound;
-  });
-
-  _.partial.placeholder = _;
-
-  // Bind a number of an object's methods to that object. Remaining arguments
-  // are the method names to be bound. Useful for ensuring that all callbacks
-  // defined on an object belong to it.
-  _.bindAll = restArguments(function(obj, keys) {
-    keys = flatten(keys, false, false);
-    var index = keys.length;
-    if (index < 1) throw new Error('bindAll must be passed function names');
-    while (index--) {
-      var key = keys[index];
-      obj[key] = _.bind(obj[key], obj);
-    }
-  });
-
-  // Memoize an expensive function by storing its results.
-  _.memoize = function(func, hasher) {
-    var memoize = function(key) {
-      var cache = memoize.cache;
-      var address = '' + (hasher ? hasher.apply(this, arguments) : key);
-      if (!has(cache, address)) cache[address] = func.apply(this, arguments);
-      return cache[address];
-    };
-    memoize.cache = {};
-    return memoize;
-  };
-
-  // Delays a function for the given number of milliseconds, and then calls
-  // it with the arguments supplied.
-  _.delay = restArguments(function(func, wait, args) {
-    return setTimeout(function() {
-      return func.apply(null, args);
-    }, wait);
-  });
-
-  // Defers a function, scheduling it to run after the current call stack has
-  // cleared.
-  _.defer = _.partial(_.delay, _, 1);
-
-  // Returns a function, that, when invoked, will only be triggered at most once
-  // during a given window of time. Normally, the throttled function will run
-  // as much as it can, without ever going more than once per `wait` duration;
-  // but if you'd like to disable the execution on the leading edge, pass
-  // `{leading: false}`. To disable execution on the trailing edge, ditto.
-  _.throttle = function(func, wait, options) {
-    var timeout, context, args, result;
-    var previous = 0;
-    if (!options) options = {};
-
-    var later = function() {
-      previous = options.leading === false ? 0 : _.now();
-      timeout = null;
-      result = func.apply(context, args);
-      if (!timeout) context = args = null;
-    };
-
-    var throttled = function() {
-      var now = _.now();
-      if (!previous && options.leading === false) previous = now;
-      var remaining = wait - (now - previous);
-      context = this;
-      args = arguments;
-      if (remaining <= 0 || remaining > wait) {
-        if (timeout) {
-          clearTimeout(timeout);
-          timeout = null;
-        }
-        previous = now;
-        result = func.apply(context, args);
-        if (!timeout) context = args = null;
-      } else if (!timeout && options.trailing !== false) {
-        timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining);
-      }
-      return result;
-    };
-
-    throttled.cancel = function() {
-      clearTimeout(timeout);
-      previous = 0;
-      timeout = context = args = null;
-    };
-
-    return throttled;
-  };
-
-  // Returns a function, that, as long as it continues to be invoked, will not
-  // be triggered. The function will be called after it stops being called for
-  // N milliseconds. If `immediate` is passed, trigger the function on the
-  // leading edge, instead of the trailing.
-  _.debounce = function(func, wait, immediate) {
-    var timeout, result;
-
-    var later = function(context, args) {
-      timeout = null;
-      if (args) result = func.apply(context, args);
-    };
-
-    var debounced = restArguments(function(args) {
-      if (timeout) clearTimeout(timeout);
-      if (immediate) {
-        var callNow = !timeout;
-        timeout = setTimeout(later, wait);
-        if (callNow) result = func.apply(this, args);
-      } else {
-        timeout = _.delay(later, wait, this, args);
-      }
-
-      return result;
-    });
-
-    debounced.cancel = function() {
-      clearTimeout(timeout);
-      timeout = null;
-    };
-
-    return debounced;
-  };
-
-  // Returns the first function passed as an argument to the second,
-  // allowing you to adjust arguments, run code before and after, and
-  // conditionally execute the original function.
-  _.wrap = function(func, wrapper) {
-    return _.partial(wrapper, func);
-  };
-
-  // Returns a negated version of the passed-in predicate.
-  _.negate = function(predicate) {
-    return function() {
-      return !predicate.apply(this, arguments);
-    };
-  };
-
-  // Returns a function that is the composition of a list of functions, each
-  // consuming the return value of the function that follows.
-  _.compose = function() {
-    var args = arguments;
-    var start = args.length - 1;
-    return function() {
-      var i = start;
-      var result = args[start].apply(this, arguments);
-      while (i--) result = args[i].call(this, result);
-      return result;
-    };
-  };
-
-  // Returns a function that will only be executed on and after the Nth call.
-  _.after = function(times, func) {
-    return function() {
-      if (--times < 1) {
-        return func.apply(this, arguments);
-      }
-    };
-  };
-
-  // Returns a function that will only be executed up to (but not including) the Nth call.
-  _.before = function(times, func) {
-    var memo;
-    return function() {
-      if (--times > 0) {
-        memo = func.apply(this, arguments);
-      }
-      if (times <= 1) func = null;
-      return memo;
-    };
-  };
-
-  // Returns a function that will be executed at most one time, no matter how
-  // often you call it. Useful for lazy initialization.
-  _.once = _.partial(_.before, 2);
-
-  _.restArguments = restArguments;
-
-  // Object Functions
-  // ----------------
-
-  // Keys in IE < 9 that won't be iterated by `for key in ...` and thus missed.
-  var hasEnumBug = !{toString: null}.propertyIsEnumerable('toString');
-  var nonEnumerableProps = ['valueOf', 'isPrototypeOf', 'toString',
-    'propertyIsEnumerable', 'hasOwnProperty', 'toLocaleString'];
-
-  var collectNonEnumProps = function(obj, keys) {
-    var nonEnumIdx = nonEnumerableProps.length;
-    var constructor = obj.constructor;
-    var proto = _.isFunction(constructor) && constructor.prototype || ObjProto;
-
-    // Constructor is a special case.
-    var prop = 'constructor';
-    if (has(obj, prop) && !_.contains(keys, prop)) keys.push(prop);
-
-    while (nonEnumIdx--) {
-      prop = nonEnumerableProps[nonEnumIdx];
-      if (prop in obj && obj[prop] !== proto[prop] && !_.contains(keys, prop)) {
-        keys.push(prop);
-      }
-    }
-  };
-
-  // Retrieve the names of an object's own properties.
-  // Delegates to **ECMAScript 5**'s native `Object.keys`.
-  _.keys = function(obj) {
-    if (!_.isObject(obj)) return [];
-    if (nativeKeys) return nativeKeys(obj);
-    var keys = [];
-    for (var key in obj) if (has(obj, key)) keys.push(key);
-    // Ahem, IE < 9.
-    if (hasEnumBug) collectNonEnumProps(obj, keys);
-    return keys;
-  };
-
-  // Retrieve all the property names of an object.
-  _.allKeys = function(obj) {
-    if (!_.isObject(obj)) return [];
-    var keys = [];
-    for (var key in obj) keys.push(key);
-    // Ahem, IE < 9.
-    if (hasEnumBug) collectNonEnumProps(obj, keys);
-    return keys;
-  };
-
-  // Retrieve the values of an object's properties.
-  _.values = function(obj) {
-    var keys = _.keys(obj);
-    var length = keys.length;
-    var values = Array(length);
-    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-      values[i] = obj[keys[i]];
-    }
-    return values;
-  };
-
-  // Returns the results of applying the iteratee to each element of the object.
-  // In contrast to _.map it returns an object.
-  _.mapObject = function(obj, iteratee, context) {
-    iteratee = cb(iteratee, context);
-    var keys = _.keys(obj),
-        length = keys.length,
-        results = {};
-    for (var index = 0; index < length; index++) {
-      var currentKey = keys[index];
-      results[currentKey] = iteratee(obj[currentKey], currentKey, obj);
-    }
-    return results;
-  };
-
-  // Convert an object into a list of `[key, value]` pairs.
-  // The opposite of _.object.
-  _.pairs = function(obj) {
-    var keys = _.keys(obj);
-    var length = keys.length;
-    var pairs = Array(length);
-    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-      pairs[i] = [keys[i], obj[keys[i]]];
-    }
-    return pairs;
-  };
-
-  // Invert the keys and values of an object. The values must be serializable.
-  _.invert = function(obj) {
-    var result = {};
-    var keys = _.keys(obj);
-    for (var i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
-      result[obj[keys[i]]] = keys[i];
-    }
-    return result;
-  };
-
-  // Return a sorted list of the function names available on the object.
-  // Aliased as `methods`.
-  _.functions = _.methods = function(obj) {
-    var names = [];
-    for (var key in obj) {
-      if (_.isFunction(obj[key])) names.push(key);
-    }
-    return names.sort();
-  };
-
-  // An internal function for creating assigner functions.
-  var createAssigner = function(keysFunc, defaults) {
-    return function(obj) {
-      var length = arguments.length;
-      if (defaults) obj = Object(obj);
-      if (length < 2 || obj == null) return obj;
-      for (var index = 1; index < length; index++) {
-        var source = arguments[index],
-            keys = keysFunc(source),
-            l = keys.length;
-        for (var i = 0; i < l; i++) {
-          var key = keys[i];
-          if (!defaults || obj[key] === void 0) obj[key] = source[key];
-        }
-      }
-      return obj;
-    };
-  };
-
-  // Extend a given object with all the properties in passed-in object(s).
-  _.extend = createAssigner(_.allKeys);
-
-  // Assigns a given object with all the own properties in the passed-in object(s).
-  // (https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/assign)
-  _.extendOwn = _.assign = createAssigner(_.keys);
-
-  // Returns the first key on an object that passes a predicate test.
-  _.findKey = function(obj, predicate, context) {
-    predicate = cb(predicate, context);
-    var keys = _.keys(obj), key;
-    for (var i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
-      key = keys[i];
-      if (predicate(obj[key], key, obj)) return key;
-    }
-  };
-
-  // Internal pick helper function to determine if `obj` has key `key`.
-  var keyInObj = function(value, key, obj) {
-    return key in obj;
-  };
-
-  // Return a copy of the object only containing the whitelisted properties.
-  _.pick = restArguments(function(obj, keys) {
-    var result = {}, iteratee = keys[0];
-    if (obj == null) return result;
-    if (_.isFunction(iteratee)) {
-      if (keys.length > 1) iteratee = optimizeCb(iteratee, keys[1]);
-      keys = _.allKeys(obj);
-    } else {
-      iteratee = keyInObj;
-      keys = flatten(keys, false, false);
-      obj = Object(obj);
-    }
-    for (var i = 0, length = keys.length; i < length; i++) {
-      var key = keys[i];
-      var value = obj[key];
-      if (iteratee(value, key, obj)) result[key] = value;
-    }
-    return result;
-  });
-
-  // Return a copy of the object without the blacklisted properties.
-  _.omit = restArguments(function(obj, keys) {
-    var iteratee = keys[0], context;
-    if (_.isFunction(iteratee)) {
-      iteratee = _.negate(iteratee);
-      if (keys.length > 1) context = keys[1];
-    } else {
-      keys = _.map(flatten(keys, false, false), String);
-      iteratee = function(value, key) {
-        return !_.contains(keys, key);
-      };
-    }
-    return _.pick(obj, iteratee, context);
-  });
-
-  // Fill in a given object with default properties.
-  _.defaults = createAssigner(_.allKeys, true);
-
-  // Creates an object that inherits from the given prototype object.
-  // If additional properties are provided then they will be added to the
-  // created object.
-  _.create = function(prototype, props) {
-    var result = baseCreate(prototype);
-    if (props) _.extendOwn(result, props);
-    return result;
-  };
-
-  // Create a (shallow-cloned) duplicate of an object.
-  _.clone = function(obj) {
-    if (!_.isObject(obj)) return obj;
-    return _.isArray(obj) ? obj.slice() : _.extend({}, obj);
-  };
-
-  // Invokes interceptor with the obj, and then returns obj.
-  // The primary purpose of this method is to "tap into" a method chain, in
-  // order to perform operations on intermediate results within the chain.
-  _.tap = function(obj, interceptor) {
-    interceptor(obj);
-    return obj;
-  };
-
-  // Returns whether an object has a given set of `key:value` pairs.
-  _.isMatch = function(object, attrs) {
-    var keys = _.keys(attrs), length = keys.length;
-    if (object == null) return !length;
-    var obj = Object(object);
-    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-      var key = keys[i];
-      if (attrs[key] !== obj[key] || !(key in obj)) return false;
-    }
-    return true;
-  };
-
-
-  // Internal recursive comparison function for `isEqual`.
-  var eq, deepEq;
-  eq = function(a, b, aStack, bStack) {
-    // Identical objects are equal. `0 === -0`, but they aren't identical.
-    // See the [Harmony `egal` proposal](http://wiki.ecmascript.org/doku.php?id=harmony:egal).
-    if (a === b) return a !== 0 || 1 / a === 1 / b;
-    // `null` or `undefined` only equal to itself (strict comparison).
-    if (a == null || b == null) return false;
-    // `NaN`s are equivalent, but non-reflexive.
-    if (a !== a) return b !== b;
-    // Exhaust primitive checks
-    var type = typeof a;
-    if (type !== 'function' && type !== 'object' && typeof b != 'object') return false;
-    return deepEq(a, b, aStack, bStack);
-  };
-
-  // Internal recursive comparison function for `isEqual`.
-  deepEq = function(a, b, aStack, bStack) {
-    // Unwrap any wrapped objects.
-    if (a instanceof _) a = a._wrapped;
-    if (b instanceof _) b = b._wrapped;
-    // Compare `[[Class]]` names.
-    var className = toString.call(a);
-    if (className !== toString.call(b)) return false;
-    switch (className) {
-      // Strings, numbers, regular expressions, dates, and booleans are compared by value.
-      case '[object RegExp]':
-      // RegExps are coerced to strings for comparison (Note: '' + /a/i === '/a/i')
-      case '[object String]':
-        // Primitives and their corresponding object wrappers are equivalent; thus, `"5"` is
-        // equivalent to `new String("5")`.
-        return '' + a === '' + b;
-      case '[object Number]':
-        // `NaN`s are equivalent, but non-reflexive.
-        // Object(NaN) is equivalent to NaN.
-        if (+a !== +a) return +b !== +b;
-        // An `egal` comparison is performed for other numeric values.
-        return +a === 0 ? 1 / +a === 1 / b : +a === +b;
-      case '[object Date]':
-      case '[object Boolean]':
-        // Coerce dates and booleans to numeric primitive values. Dates are compared by their
-        // millisecond representations. Note that invalid dates with millisecond representations
-        // of `NaN` are not equivalent.
-        return +a === +b;
-      case '[object Symbol]':
-        return SymbolProto.valueOf.call(a) === SymbolProto.valueOf.call(b);
-    }
-
-    var areArrays = className === '[object Array]';
-    if (!areArrays) {
-      if (typeof a != 'object' || typeof b != 'object') return false;
-
-      // Objects with different constructors are not equivalent, but `Object`s or `Array`s
-      // from different frames are.
-      var aCtor = a.constructor, bCtor = b.constructor;
-      if (aCtor !== bCtor && !(_.isFunction(aCtor) && aCtor instanceof aCtor &&
-                               _.isFunction(bCtor) && bCtor instanceof bCtor)
-                          && ('constructor' in a && 'constructor' in b)) {
-        return false;
-      }
-    }
-    // Assume equality for cyclic structures. The algorithm for detecting cyclic
-    // structures is adapted from ES 5.1 section 15.12.3, abstract operation `JO`.
-
-    // Initializing stack of traversed objects.
-    // It's done here since we only need them for objects and arrays comparison.
-    aStack = aStack || [];
-    bStack = bStack || [];
-    var length = aStack.length;
-    while (length--) {
-      // Linear search. Performance is inversely proportional to the number of
-      // unique nested structures.
-      if (aStack[length] === a) return bStack[length] === b;
-    }
-
-    // Add the first object to the stack of traversed objects.
-    aStack.push(a);
-    bStack.push(b);
-
-    // Recursively compare objects and arrays.
-    if (areArrays) {
-      // Compare array lengths to determine if a deep comparison is necessary.
-      length = a.length;
-      if (length !== b.length) return false;
-      // Deep compare the contents, ignoring non-numeric properties.
-      while (length--) {
-        if (!eq(a[length], b[length], aStack, bStack)) return false;
-      }
-    } else {
-      // Deep compare objects.
-      var keys = _.keys(a), key;
-      length = keys.length;
-      // Ensure that both objects contain the same number of properties before comparing deep equality.
-      if (_.keys(b).length !== length) return false;
-      while (length--) {
-        // Deep compare each member
-        key = keys[length];
-        if (!(has(b, key) && eq(a[key], b[key], aStack, bStack))) return false;
-      }
-    }
-    // Remove the first object from the stack of traversed objects.
-    aStack.pop();
-    bStack.pop();
-    return true;
-  };
-
-  // Perform a deep comparison to check if two objects are equal.
-  _.isEqual = function(a, b) {
-    return eq(a, b);
-  };
-
-  // Is a given array, string, or object empty?
-  // An "empty" object has no enumerable own-properties.
-  _.isEmpty = function(obj) {
-    if (obj == null) return true;
-    if (isArrayLike(obj) && (_.isArray(obj) || _.isString(obj) || _.isArguments(obj))) return obj.length === 0;
-    return _.keys(obj).length === 0;
-  };
-
-  // Is a given value a DOM element?
-  _.isElement = function(obj) {
-    return !!(obj && obj.nodeType === 1);
-  };
-
-  // Is a given value an array?
-  // Delegates to ECMA5's native Array.isArray
-  _.isArray = nativeIsArray || function(obj) {
-    return toString.call(obj) === '[object Array]';
-  };
-
-  // Is a given variable an object?
-  _.isObject = function(obj) {
-    var type = typeof obj;
-    return type === 'function' || type === 'object' && !!obj;
-  };
-
-  // Add some isType methods: isArguments, isFunction, isString, isNumber, isDate, isRegExp, isError, isMap, isWeakMap, isSet, isWeakSet.
-  _.each(['Arguments', 'Function', 'String', 'Number', 'Date', 'RegExp', 'Error', 'Symbol', 'Map', 'WeakMap', 'Set', 'WeakSet'], function(name) {
-    _['is' + name] = function(obj) {
-      return toString.call(obj) === '[object ' + name + ']';
-    };
-  });
-
-  // Define a fallback version of the method in browsers (ahem, IE < 9), where
-  // there isn't any inspectable "Arguments" type.
-  if (!_.isArguments(arguments)) {
-    _.isArguments = function(obj) {
-      return has(obj, 'callee');
-    };
-  }
-
-  // Optimize `isFunction` if appropriate. Work around some typeof bugs in old v8,
-  // IE 11 (#1621), Safari 8 (#1929), and PhantomJS (#2236).
-  var nodelist = root.document && root.document.childNodes;
-  if (typeof /./ != 'function' && typeof Int8Array != 'object' && typeof nodelist != 'function') {
-    _.isFunction = function(obj) {
-      return typeof obj == 'function' || false;
-    };
-  }
-
-  // Is a given object a finite number?
-  _.isFinite = function(obj) {
-    return !_.isSymbol(obj) && isFinite(obj) && !isNaN(parseFloat(obj));
-  };
-
-  // Is the given value `NaN`?
-  _.isNaN = function(obj) {
-    return _.isNumber(obj) && isNaN(obj);
-  };
-
-  // Is a given value a boolean?
-  _.isBoolean = function(obj) {
-    return obj === true || obj === false || toString.call(obj) === '[object Boolean]';
-  };
-
-  // Is a given value equal to null?
-  _.isNull = function(obj) {
-    return obj === null;
-  };
-
-  // Is a given variable undefined?
-  _.isUndefined = function(obj) {
-    return obj === void 0;
-  };
-
-  // Shortcut function for checking if an object has a given property directly
-  // on itself (in other words, not on a prototype).
-  _.has = function(obj, path) {
-    if (!_.isArray(path)) {
-      return has(obj, path);
-    }
-    var length = path.length;
-    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-      var key = path[i];
-      if (obj == null || !hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) {
-        return false;
-      }
-      obj = obj[key];
-    }
-    return !!length;
-  };
-
-  // Utility Functions
-  // -----------------
-
-  // Run Underscore.js in *noConflict* mode, returning the `_` variable to its
-  // previous owner. Returns a reference to the Underscore object.
-  _.noConflict = function() {
-    root._ = previousUnderscore;
-    return this;
-  };
-
-  // Keep the identity function around for default iteratees.
-  _.identity = function(value) {
-    return value;
-  };
-
-  // Predicate-generating functions. Often useful outside of Underscore.
-  _.constant = function(value) {
-    return function() {
-      return value;
-    };
-  };
-
-  _.noop = function(){};
-
-  // Creates a function that, when passed an object, will traverse that object’s
-  // properties down the given `path`, specified as an array of keys or indexes.
-  _.property = function(path) {
-    if (!_.isArray(path)) {
-      return shallowProperty(path);
-    }
-    return function(obj) {
-      return deepGet(obj, path);
-    };
-  };
-
-  // Generates a function for a given object that returns a given property.
-  _.propertyOf = function(obj) {
-    if (obj == null) {
-      return function(){};
-    }
-    return function(path) {
-      return !_.isArray(path) ? obj[path] : deepGet(obj, path);
-    };
-  };
-
-  // Returns a predicate for checking whether an object has a given set of
-  // `key:value` pairs.
-  _.matcher = _.matches = function(attrs) {
-    attrs = _.extendOwn({}, attrs);
-    return function(obj) {
-      return _.isMatch(obj, attrs);
-    };
-  };
-
-  // Run a function **n** times.
-  _.times = function(n, iteratee, context) {
-    var accum = Array(Math.max(0, n));
-    iteratee = optimizeCb(iteratee, context, 1);
-    for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) accum[i] = iteratee(i);
-    return accum;
-  };
-
-  // Return a random integer between min and max (inclusive).
-  _.random = function(min, max) {
-    if (max == null) {
-      max = min;
-      min = 0;
-    }
-    return min + Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1));
-  };
-
-  // A (possibly faster) way to get the current timestamp as an integer.
-  _.now = Date.now || function() {
-    return new Date().getTime();
-  };
-
-  // List of HTML entities for escaping.
-  var escapeMap = {
-    '&': '&amp;',
-    '<': '&lt;',
-    '>': '&gt;',
-    '"': '&quot;',
-    "'": '&#x27;',
-    '`': '&#x60;'
-  };
-  var unescapeMap = _.invert(escapeMap);
-
-  // Functions for escaping and unescaping strings to/from HTML interpolation.
-  var createEscaper = function(map) {
-    var escaper = function(match) {
-      return map[match];
-    };
-    // Regexes for identifying a key that needs to be escaped.
-    var source = '(?:' + _.keys(map).join('|') + ')';
-    var testRegexp = RegExp(source);
-    var replaceRegexp = RegExp(source, 'g');
-    return function(string) {
-      string = string == null ? '' : '' + string;
-      return testRegexp.test(string) ? string.replace(replaceRegexp, escaper) : string;
-    };
-  };
-  _.escape = createEscaper(escapeMap);
-  _.unescape = createEscaper(unescapeMap);
-
-  // Traverses the children of `obj` along `path`. If a child is a function, it
-  // is invoked with its parent as context. Returns the value of the final
-  // child, or `fallback` if any child is undefined.
-  _.result = function(obj, path, fallback) {
-    if (!_.isArray(path)) path = [path];
-    var length = path.length;
-    if (!length) {
-      return _.isFunction(fallback) ? fallback.call(obj) : fallback;
-    }
-    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
-      var prop = obj == null ? void 0 : obj[path[i]];
-      if (prop === void 0) {
-        prop = fallback;
-        i = length; // Ensure we don't continue iterating.
-      }
-      obj = _.isFunction(prop) ? prop.call(obj) : prop;
-    }
-    return obj;
-  };
-
-  // Generate a unique integer id (unique within the entire client session).
-  // Useful for temporary DOM ids.
-  var idCounter = 0;
-  _.uniqueId = function(prefix) {
-    var id = ++idCounter + '';
-    return prefix ? prefix + id : id;
-  };
-
-  // By default, Underscore uses ERB-style template delimiters, change the
-  // following template settings to use alternative delimiters.
-  _.templateSettings = {
-    evaluate: /<%([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
-    interpolate: /<%=([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
-    escape: /<%-([\s\S]+?)%>/g
-  };
-
-  // When customizing `templateSettings`, if you don't want to define an
-  // interpolation, evaluation or escaping regex, we need one that is
-  // guaranteed not to match.
-  var noMatch = /(.)^/;
-
-  // Certain characters need to be escaped so that they can be put into a
-  // string literal.
-  var escapes = {
-    "'": "'",
-    '\\': '\\',
-    '\r': 'r',
-    '\n': 'n',
-    '\u2028': 'u2028',
-    '\u2029': 'u2029'
-  };
-
-  var escapeRegExp = /\\|'|\r|\n|\u2028|\u2029/g;
-
-  var escapeChar = function(match) {
-    return '\\' + escapes[match];
-  };
-
-  // JavaScript micro-templating, similar to John Resig's implementation.
-  // Underscore templating handles arbitrary delimiters, preserves whitespace,
-  // and correctly escapes quotes within interpolated code.
-  // NB: `oldSettings` only exists for backwards compatibility.
-  _.template = function(text, settings, oldSettings) {
-    if (!settings && oldSettings) settings = oldSettings;
-    settings = _.defaults({}, settings, _.templateSettings);
-
-    // Combine delimiters into one regular expression via alternation.
-    var matcher = RegExp([
-      (settings.escape || noMatch).source,
-      (settings.interpolate || noMatch).source,
-      (settings.evaluate || noMatch).source
-    ].join('|') + '|$', 'g');
-
-    // Compile the template source, escaping string literals appropriately.
-    var index = 0;
-    var source = "__p+='";
-    text.replace(matcher, function(match, escape, interpolate, evaluate, offset) {
-      source += text.slice(index, offset).replace(escapeRegExp, escapeChar);
-      index = offset + match.length;
-
-      if (escape) {
-        source += "'+\n((__t=(" + escape + "))==null?'':_.escape(__t))+\n'";
-      } else if (interpolate) {
-        source += "'+\n((__t=(" + interpolate + "))==null?'':__t)+\n'";
-      } else if (evaluate) {
-        source += "';\n" + evaluate + "\n__p+='";
-      }
-
-      // Adobe VMs need the match returned to produce the correct offset.
-      return match;
-    });
-    source += "';\n";
-
-    // If a variable is not specified, place data values in local scope.
-    if (!settings.variable) source = 'with(obj||{}){\n' + source + '}\n';
-
-    source = "var __t,__p='',__j=Array.prototype.join," +
-      "print=function(){__p+=__j.call(arguments,'');};\n" +
-      source + 'return __p;\n';
-
-    var render;
-    try {
-      render = new Function(settings.variable || 'obj', '_', source);
-    } catch (e) {
-      e.source = source;
-      throw e;
-    }
-
-    var template = function(data) {
-      return render.call(this, data, _);
-    };
-
-    // Provide the compiled source as a convenience for precompilation.
-    var argument = settings.variable || 'obj';
-    template.source = 'function(' + argument + '){\n' + source + '}';
-
-    return template;
-  };
-
-  // Add a "chain" function. Start chaining a wrapped Underscore object.
-  _.chain = function(obj) {
-    var instance = _(obj);
-    instance._chain = true;
-    return instance;
-  };
-
-  // OOP
-  // ---------------
-  // If Underscore is called as a function, it returns a wrapped object that
-  // can be used OO-style. This wrapper holds altered versions of all the
-  // underscore functions. Wrapped objects may be chained.
-
-  // Helper function to continue chaining intermediate results.
-  var chainResult = function(instance, obj) {
-    return instance._chain ? _(obj).chain() : obj;
-  };
-
-  // Add your own custom functions to the Underscore object.
-  _.mixin = function(obj) {
-    _.each(_.functions(obj), function(name) {
-      var func = _[name] = obj[name];
-      _.prototype[name] = function() {
-        var args = [this._wrapped];
-        push.apply(args, arguments);
-        return chainResult(this, func.apply(_, args));
-      };
-    });
-    return _;
-  };
-
-  // Add all of the Underscore functions to the wrapper object.
-  _.mixin(_);
-
-  // Add all mutator Array functions to the wrapper.
-  _.each(['pop', 'push', 'reverse', 'shift', 'sort', 'splice', 'unshift'], function(name) {
-    var method = ArrayProto[name];
-    _.prototype[name] = function() {
-      var obj = this._wrapped;
-      method.apply(obj, arguments);
-      if ((name === 'shift' || name === 'splice') && obj.length === 0) delete obj[0];
-      return chainResult(this, obj);
-    };
-  });
-
-  // Add all accessor Array functions to the wrapper.
-  _.each(['concat', 'join', 'slice'], function(name) {
-    var method = ArrayProto[name];
-    _.prototype[name] = function() {
-      return chainResult(this, method.apply(this._wrapped, arguments));
-    };
-  });
-
-  // Extracts the result from a wrapped and chained object.
-  _.prototype.value = function() {
-    return this._wrapped;
-  };
-
-  // Provide unwrapping proxy for some methods used in engine operations
-  // such as arithmetic and JSON stringification.
-  _.prototype.valueOf = _.prototype.toJSON = _.prototype.value;
-
-  _.prototype.toString = function() {
-    return String(this._wrapped);
-  };
-
-  // AMD registration happens at the end for compatibility with AMD loaders
-  // that may not enforce next-turn semantics on modules. Even though general
-  // practice for AMD registration is to be anonymous, underscore registers
-  // as a named module because, like jQuery, it is a base library that is
-  // popular enough to be bundled in a third party lib, but not be part of
-  // an AMD load request. Those cases could generate an error when an
-  // anonymous define() is called outside of a loader request.
-  if (typeof define == 'function' && define.amd) {
-    define('underscore', [], function() {
-      return _;
-    });
-  }
-}());
-//     Backbone.js 1.4.0
-
-//     (c) 2010-2019 Jeremy Ashkenas and DocumentCloud
-//     Backbone may be freely distributed under the MIT license.
-//     For all details and documentation:
-//     http://backbonejs.org
-
-(function(factory) {
-
-  // Establish the root object, `window` (`self`) in the browser, or `global` on the server.
-  // We use `self` instead of `window` for `WebWorker` support.
-  var root = typeof self == 'object' && self.self === self && self ||
-            typeof global == 'object' && global.global === global && global;
-
-  // Set up Backbone appropriately for the environment. Start with AMD.
-  if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
-    define(['underscore', 'jquery', 'exports'], function(_, $, exports) {
-      // Export global even in AMD case in case this script is loaded with
-      // others that may still expect a global Backbone.
-      root.Backbone = factory(root, exports, _, $);
-    });
-
-  // Next for Node.js or CommonJS. jQuery may not be needed as a module.
-  } else if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {
-    var _ = require('underscore'), $;
-    try { $ = require('jquery'); } catch (e) {}
-    factory(root, exports, _, $);
-
-  // Finally, as a browser global.
-  } else {
-    root.Backbone = factory(root, {}, root._, root.jQuery || root.Zepto || root.ender || root.$);
-  }
-
-})(function(root, Backbone, _, $) {
-
-  // Initial Setup
-  // -------------
-
-  // Save the previous value of the `Backbone` variable, so that it can be
-  // restored later on, if `noConflict` is used.
-  var previousBackbone = root.Backbone;
-
-  // Create a local reference to a common array method we'll want to use later.
-  var slice = Array.prototype.slice;
-
-  // Current version of the library. Keep in sync with `package.json`.
-  Backbone.VERSION = '1.4.0';
-
-  // For Backbone's purposes, jQuery, Zepto, Ender, or My Library (kidding) owns
-  // the `$` variable.
-  Backbone.$ = $;
-
-  // Runs Backbone.js in *noConflict* mode, returning the `Backbone` variable
-  // to its previous owner. Returns a reference to this Backbone object.
-  Backbone.noConflict = function() {
-    root.Backbone = previousBackbone;
-    return this;
-  };
-
-  // Turn on `emulateHTTP` to support legacy HTTP servers. Setting this option
-  // will fake `"PATCH"`, `"PUT"` and `"DELETE"` requests via the `_method` parameter and
-  // set a `X-Http-Method-Override` header.
-  Backbone.emulateHTTP = false;
-
-  // Turn on `emulateJSON` to support legacy servers that can't deal with direct
-  // `application/json` requests ... this will encode the body as
-  // `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` instead and will send the model in a
-  // form param named `model`.
-  Backbone.emulateJSON = false;
-
-  // Backbone.Events
-  // ---------------
-
-  // A module that can be mixed in to *any object* in order to provide it with
-  // a custom event channel. You may bind a callback to an event with `on` or
-  // remove with `off`; `trigger`-ing an event fires all callbacks in
-  // succession.
-  //
-  //     var object = {};
-  //     _.extend(object, Backbone.Events);
-  //     object.on('expand', function(){ alert('expanded'); });
-  //     object.trigger('expand');
-  //
-  var Events = Backbone.Events = {};
-
-  // Regular expression used to split event strings.
-  var eventSplitter = /\s+/;
-
-  // A private global variable to share between listeners and listenees.
-  var _listening;
-
-  // Iterates over the standard `event, callback` (as well as the fancy multiple
-  // space-separated events `"change blur", callback` and jQuery-style event
-  // maps `{event: callback}`).
-  var eventsApi = function(iteratee, events, name, callback, opts) {
-    var i = 0, names;
-    if (name && typeof name === 'object') {
-      // Handle event maps.
-      if (callback !== void 0 && 'context' in opts && opts.context === void 0) opts.context = callback;
-      for (names = _.keys(name); i < names.length ; i++) {
-        events = eventsApi(iteratee, events, names[i], name[names[i]], opts);
-      }
-    } else if (name && eventSplitter.test(name)) {
-      // Handle space-separated event names by delegating them individually.
-      for (names = name.split(eventSplitter); i < names.length; i++) {
-        events = iteratee(events, names[i], callback, opts);
-      }
-    } else {
-      // Finally, standard events.
-      events = iteratee(events, name, callback, opts);
-    }
-    return events;
-  };
-
-  // Bind an event to a `callback` function. Passing `"all"` will bind
-  // the callback to all events fired.
-  Events.on = function(name, callback, context) {
-    this._events = eventsApi(onApi, this._events || {}, name, callback, {
-      context: context,
-      ctx: this,
-      listening: _listening
-    });
-
-    if (_listening) {
-      var listeners = this._listeners || (this._listeners = {});
-      listeners[_listening.id] = _listening;
-      // Allow the listening to use a counter, instead of tracking
-      // callbacks for library interop
-      _listening.interop = false;
-    }
-
-    return this;
-  };
-
-  // Inversion-of-control versions of `on`. Tell *this* object to listen to
-  // an event in another object... keeping track of what it's listening to
-  // for easier unbinding later.
-  Events.listenTo = function(obj, name, callback) {
-    if (!obj) return this;
-    var id = obj._listenId || (obj._listenId = _.uniqueId('l'));
-    var listeningTo = this._listeningTo || (this._listeningTo = {});
-    var listening = _listening = listeningTo[id];
-
-    // This object is not listening to any other events on `obj` yet.
-    // Setup the necessary references to track the listening callbacks.
-    if (!listening) {
-      this._listenId || (this._listenId = _.uniqueId('l'));
-      listening = _listening = listeningTo[id] = new Listening(this, obj);
-    }
-
-    // Bind callbacks on obj.
-    var error = tryCatchOn(obj, name, callback, this);
-    _listening = void 0;
-
-    if (error) throw error;
-    // If the target obj is not Backbone.Events, track events manually.
-    if (listening.interop) listening.on(name, callback);
-
-    return this;
-  };
-
-  // The reducing API that adds a callback to the `events` object.
-  var onApi = function(events, name, callback, options) {
-    if (callback) {
-      var handlers = events[name] || (events[name] = []);
-      var context = options.context, ctx = options.ctx, listening = options.listening;
-      if (listening) listening.count++;
-
-      handlers.push({callback: callback, context: context, ctx: context || ctx, listening: listening});
-    }
-    return events;
-  };
-
-  // An try-catch guarded #on function, to prevent poisoning the global
-  // `_listening` variable.
-  var tryCatchOn = function(obj, name, callback, context) {
-    try {
-      obj.on(name, callback, context);
-    } catch (e) {
-      return e;
-    }
-  };
-
-  // Remove one or many callbacks. If `context` is null, removes all
-  // callbacks with that function. If `callback` is null, removes all
-  // callbacks for the event. If `name` is null, removes all bound
-  // callbacks for all events.
-  Events.off = function(name, callback, context) {
-    if (!this._events) return this;
-    this._events = eventsApi(offApi, this._events, name, callback, {
-      context: context,
-      listeners: this._listeners
-    });
-
-    return this;
-  };
-
-  // Tell this object to stop listening to either specific events ... or
-  // to every object it's currently listening to.
-  Events.stopListening = function(obj, name, callback) {
-    var listeningTo = this._listeningTo;
-    if (!listeningTo) return this;
-
-    var ids = obj ? [obj._listenId] : _.keys(listeningTo);
-    for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
-      var listening = listeningTo[ids[i]];
-
-      // If listening doesn't exist, this object is not currently
-      // listening to obj. Break out early.
-      if (!listening) break;
-
-      listening.obj.off(name, callback, this);
-      if (listening.interop) listening.off(name, callback);
-    }
-    if (_.isEmpty(listeningTo)) this._listeningTo = void 0;
-
-    return this;
-  };
-
-  // The reducing API that removes a callback from the `events` object.
-  var offApi = function(events, name, callback, options) {
-    if (!events) return;
-
-    var context = options.context, listeners = options.listeners;
-    var i = 0, names;
-
-    // Delete all event listeners and "drop" events.
-    if (!name && !context && !callback) {
-      for (names = _.keys(listeners); i < names.length; i++) {
-        listeners[names[i]].cleanup();
-      }
-      return;
-    }
-
-    names = name ? [name] : _.keys(events);
-    for (; i < names.length; i++) {
-      name = names[i];
-      var handlers = events[name];
-
-      // Bail out if there are no events stored.
-      if (!handlers) break;
-
-      // Find any remaining events.
-      var remaining = [];
-      for (var j = 0; j < handlers.length; j++) {
-        var handler = handlers[j];
-        if (
-          callback && callback !== handler.callback &&
-            callback !== handler.callback._callback ||
-              context && context !== handler.context
-        ) {
-          remaining.push(handler);
-        } else {
-          var listening = handler.listening;
-          if (listening) listening.off(name, callback);
-        }
-      }
-
-      // Replace events if there are any remaining.  Otherwise, clean up.
-      if (remaining.length) {
-        events[name] = remaining;
-      } else {
-        delete events[name];
-      }
-    }
-
-    return events;
-  };
-
-  // Bind an event to only be triggered a single time. After the first time
-  // the callback is invoked, its listener will be removed. If multiple events
-  // are passed in using the space-separated syntax, the handler will fire
-  // once for each event, not once for a combination of all events.
-  Events.once = function(name, callback, context) {
-    // Map the event into a `{event: once}` object.
-    var events = eventsApi(onceMap, {}, name, callback, this.off.bind(this));
-    if (typeof name === 'string' && context == null) callback = void 0;
-    return this.on(events, callback, context);
-  };
-
-  // Inversion-of-control versions of `once`.
-  Events.listenToOnce = function(obj, name, callback) {
-    // Map the event into a `{event: once}` object.
-    var events = eventsApi(onceMap, {}, name, callback, this.stopListening.bind(this, obj));
-    return this.listenTo(obj, events);
-  };
-
-  // Reduces the event callbacks into a map of `{event: onceWrapper}`.
-  // `offer` unbinds the `onceWrapper` after it has been called.
-  var onceMap = function(map, name, callback, offer) {
-    if (callback) {
-      var once = map[name] = _.once(function() {
-        offer(name, once);
-        callback.apply(this, arguments);
-      });
-      once._callback = callback;
-    }
-    return map;
-  };
-
-  // Trigger one or many events, firing all bound callbacks. Callbacks are
-  // passed the same arguments as `trigger` is, apart from the event name
-  // (unless you're listening on `"all"`, which will cause your callback to
-  // receive the true name of the event as the first argument).
-  Events.trigger = function(name) {
-    if (!this._events) return this;
-
-    var length = Math.max(0, arguments.length - 1);
-    var args = Array(length);
-    for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) args[i] = arguments[i + 1];
-
-    eventsApi(triggerApi, this._events, name, void 0, args);
-    return this;
-  };
-
-  // Handles triggering the appropriate event callbacks.
-  var triggerApi = function(objEvents, name, callback, args) {
-    if (objEvents) {
-      var events = objEvents[name];
-      var allEvents = objEvents.all;
-      if (events && allEvents) allEvents = allEvents.slice();
-      if (events) triggerEvents(events, args);
-      if (allEvents) triggerEvents(allEvents, [name].concat(args));
-    }
-    return objEvents;
-  };
-
-  // A difficult-to-believe, but optimized internal dispatch function for
-  // triggering events. Tries to keep the usual cases speedy (most internal
-  // Backbone events have 3 arguments).
-  var triggerEvents = function(events, args) {
-    var ev, i = -1, l = events.length, a1 = args[0], a2 = args[1], a3 = args[2];
-    switch (args.length) {
-      case 0: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx); return;
-      case 1: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx, a1); return;
-      case 2: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx, a1, a2); return;
-      case 3: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx, a1, a2, a3); return;
-      default: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.apply(ev.ctx, args); return;
-    }
-  };
-
-  // A listening class that tracks and cleans up memory bindings
-  // when all callbacks have been offed.
-  var Listening = function(listener, obj) {
-    this.id = listener._listenId;
-    this.listener = listener;
-    this.obj = obj;
-    this.interop = true;
-    this.count = 0;
-    this._events = void 0;
-  };
-
-  Listening.prototype.on = Events.on;
-
-  // Offs a callback (or several).
-  // Uses an optimized counter if the listenee uses Backbone.Events.
-  // Otherwise, falls back to manual tracking to support events
-  // library interop.
-  Listening.prototype.off = function(name, callback) {
-    var cleanup;
-    if (this.interop) {
-      this._events = eventsApi(offApi, this._events, name, callback, {
-        context: void 0,
-        listeners: void 0
-      });
-      cleanup = !this._events;
-    } else {
-      this.count--;
-      cleanup = this.count === 0;
-    }
-    if (cleanup) this.cleanup();
-  };
-
-  // Cleans up memory bindings between the listener and the listenee.
-  Listening.prototype.cleanup = function() {
-    delete this.listener._listeningTo[this.obj._listenId];
-    if (!this.interop) delete this.obj._listeners[this.id];
-  };
-
-  // Aliases for backwards compatibility.
-  Events.bind   = Events.on;
-  Events.unbind = Events.off;
-
-  // Allow the `Backbone` object to serve as a global event bus, for folks who
-  // want global "pubsub" in a convenient place.
-  _.extend(Backbone, Events);
-
-  // Backbone.Model
-  // --------------
-
-  // Backbone **Models** are the basic data object in the framework --
-  // frequently representing a row in a table in a database on your server.
-  // A discrete chunk of data and a bunch of useful, related methods for
-  // performing computations and transformations on that data.
-
-  // Create a new model with the specified attributes. A client id (`cid`)
-  // is automatically generated and assigned for you.
-  var Model = Backbone.Model = function(attributes, options) {
-    var attrs = attributes || {};
-    options || (options = {});
-    this.preinitialize.apply(this, arguments);
-    this.cid = _.uniqueId(this.cidPrefix);
-    this.attributes = {};
-    if (options.collection) this.collection = options.collection;
-    if (options.parse) attrs = this.parse(attrs, options) || {};
-    var defaults = _.result(this, 'defaults');
-    attrs = _.defaults(_.extend({}, defaults, attrs), defaults);
-    this.set(attrs, options);
-    this.changed = {};
-    this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
-  };
-
-  // Attach all inheritable methods to the Model prototype.
-  _.extend(Model.prototype, Events, {
-
-    // A hash of attributes whose current and previous value differ.
-    changed: null,
-
-    // The value returned during the last failed validation.
-    validationError: null,
-
-    // The default name for the JSON `id` attribute is `"id"`. MongoDB and
-    // CouchDB users may want to set this to `"_id"`.
-    idAttribute: 'id',
-
-    // The prefix is used to create the client id which is used to identify models locally.
-    // You may want to override this if you're experiencing name clashes with model ids.
-    cidPrefix: 'c',
-
-    // preinitialize is an empty function by default. You can override it with a function
-    // or object.  preinitialize will run before any instantiation logic is run in the Model.
-    preinitialize: function(){},
-
-    // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
-    // initialization logic.
-    initialize: function(){},
-
-    // Return a copy of the model's `attributes` object.
-    toJSON: function(options) {
-      return _.clone(this.attributes);
-    },
-
-    // Proxy `Backbone.sync` by default -- but override this if you need
-    // custom syncing semantics for *this* particular model.
-    sync: function() {
-      return Backbone.sync.apply(this, arguments);
-    },
-
-    // Get the value of an attribute.
-    get: function(attr) {
-      return this.attributes[attr];
-    },
-
-    // Get the HTML-escaped value of an attribute.
-    escape: function(attr) {
-      return _.escape(this.get(attr));
-    },
-
-    // Returns `true` if the attribute contains a value that is not null
-    // or undefined.
-    has: function(attr) {
-      return this.get(attr) != null;
-    },
-
-    // Special-cased proxy to underscore's `_.matches` method.
-    matches: function(attrs) {
-      return !!_.iteratee(attrs, this)(this.attributes);
-    },
-
-    // Set a hash of model attributes on the object, firing `"change"`. This is
-    // the core primitive operation of a model, updating the data and notifying
-    // anyone who needs to know about the change in state. The heart of the beast.
-    set: function(key, val, options) {
-      if (key == null) return this;
-
-      // Handle both `"key", value` and `{key: value}` -style arguments.
-      var attrs;
-      if (typeof key === 'object') {
-        attrs = key;
-        options = val;
-      } else {
-        (attrs = {})[key] = val;
-      }
-
-      options || (options = {});
-
-      // Run validation.
-      if (!this._validate(attrs, options)) return false;
-
-      // Extract attributes and options.
-      var unset      = options.unset;
-      var silent     = options.silent;
-      var changes    = [];
-      var changing   = this._changing;
-      this._changing = true;
-
-      if (!changing) {
-        this._previousAttributes = _.clone(this.attributes);
-        this.changed = {};
-      }
-
-      var current = this.attributes;
-      var changed = this.changed;
-      var prev    = this._previousAttributes;
-
-      // For each `set` attribute, update or delete the current value.
-      for (var attr in attrs) {
-        val = attrs[attr];
-        if (!_.isEqual(current[attr], val)) changes.push(attr);
-        if (!_.isEqual(prev[attr], val)) {
-          changed[attr] = val;
-        } else {
-          delete changed[attr];
-        }
-        unset ? delete current[attr] : current[attr] = val;
-      }
-
-      // Update the `id`.
-      if (this.idAttribute in attrs) this.id = this.get(this.idAttribute);
-
-      // Trigger all relevant attribute changes.
-      if (!silent) {
-        if (changes.length) this._pending = options;
-        for (var i = 0; i < changes.length; i++) {
-          this.trigger('change:' + changes[i], this, current[changes[i]], options);
-        }
-      }
-
-      // You might be wondering why there's a `while` loop here. Changes can
-      // be recursively nested within `"change"` events.
-      if (changing) return this;
-      if (!silent) {
-        while (this._pending) {
-          options = this._pending;
-          this._pending = false;
-          this.trigger('change', this, options);
-        }
-      }
-      this._pending = false;
-      this._changing = false;
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Remove an attribute from the model, firing `"change"`. `unset` is a noop
-    // if the attribute doesn't exist.
-    unset: function(attr, options) {
-      return this.set(attr, void 0, _.extend({}, options, {unset: true}));
-    },
-
-    // Clear all attributes on the model, firing `"change"`.
-    clear: function(options) {
-      var attrs = {};
-      for (var key in this.attributes) attrs[key] = void 0;
-      return this.set(attrs, _.extend({}, options, {unset: true}));
-    },
-
-    // Determine if the model has changed since the last `"change"` event.
-    // If you specify an attribute name, determine if that attribute has changed.
-    hasChanged: function(attr) {
-      if (attr == null) return !_.isEmpty(this.changed);
-      return _.has(this.changed, attr);
-    },
-
-    // Return an object containing all the attributes that have changed, or
-    // false if there are no changed attributes. Useful for determining what
-    // parts of a view need to be updated and/or what attributes need to be
-    // persisted to the server. Unset attributes will be set to undefined.
-    // You can also pass an attributes object to diff against the model,
-    // determining if there *would be* a change.
-    changedAttributes: function(diff) {
-      if (!diff) return this.hasChanged() ? _.clone(this.changed) : false;
-      var old = this._changing ? this._previousAttributes : this.attributes;
-      var changed = {};
-      var hasChanged;
-      for (var attr in diff) {
-        var val = diff[attr];
-        if (_.isEqual(old[attr], val)) continue;
-        changed[attr] = val;
-        hasChanged = true;
-      }
-      return hasChanged ? changed : false;
-    },
-
-    // Get the previous value of an attribute, recorded at the time the last
-    // `"change"` event was fired.
-    previous: function(attr) {
-      if (attr == null || !this._previousAttributes) return null;
-      return this._previousAttributes[attr];
-    },
-
-    // Get all of the attributes of the model at the time of the previous
-    // `"change"` event.
-    previousAttributes: function() {
-      return _.clone(this._previousAttributes);
-    },
-
-    // Fetch the model from the server, merging the response with the model's
-    // local attributes. Any changed attributes will trigger a "change" event.
-    fetch: function(options) {
-      options = _.extend({parse: true}, options);
-      var model = this;
-      var success = options.success;
-      options.success = function(resp) {
-        var serverAttrs = options.parse ? model.parse(resp, options) : resp;
-        if (!model.set(serverAttrs, options)) return false;
-        if (success) success.call(options.context, model, resp, options);
-        model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options);
-      };
-      wrapError(this, options);
-      return this.sync('read', this, options);
-    },
-
-    // Set a hash of model attributes, and sync the model to the server.
-    // If the server returns an attributes hash that differs, the model's
-    // state will be `set` again.
-    save: function(key, val, options) {
-      // Handle both `"key", value` and `{key: value}` -style arguments.
-      var attrs;
-      if (key == null || typeof key === 'object') {
-        attrs = key;
-        options = val;
-      } else {
-        (attrs = {})[key] = val;
-      }
-
-      options = _.extend({validate: true, parse: true}, options);
-      var wait = options.wait;
-
-      // If we're not waiting and attributes exist, save acts as
-      // `set(attr).save(null, opts)` with validation. Otherwise, check if
-      // the model will be valid when the attributes, if any, are set.
-      if (attrs && !wait) {
-        if (!this.set(attrs, options)) return false;
-      } else if (!this._validate(attrs, options)) {
-        return false;
-      }
-
-      // After a successful server-side save, the client is (optionally)
-      // updated with the server-side state.
-      var model = this;
-      var success = options.success;
-      var attributes = this.attributes;
-      options.success = function(resp) {
-        // Ensure attributes are restored during synchronous saves.
-        model.attributes = attributes;
-        var serverAttrs = options.parse ? model.parse(resp, options) : resp;
-        if (wait) serverAttrs = _.extend({}, attrs, serverAttrs);
-        if (serverAttrs && !model.set(serverAttrs, options)) return false;
-        if (success) success.call(options.context, model, resp, options);
-        model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options);
-      };
-      wrapError(this, options);
-
-      // Set temporary attributes if `{wait: true}` to properly find new ids.
-      if (attrs && wait) this.attributes = _.extend({}, attributes, attrs);
-
-      var method = this.isNew() ? 'create' : options.patch ? 'patch' : 'update';
-      if (method === 'patch' && !options.attrs) options.attrs = attrs;
-      var xhr = this.sync(method, this, options);
-
-      // Restore attributes.
-      this.attributes = attributes;
-
-      return xhr;
-    },
-
-    // Destroy this model on the server if it was already persisted.
-    // Optimistically removes the model from its collection, if it has one.
-    // If `wait: true` is passed, waits for the server to respond before removal.
-    destroy: function(options) {
-      options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
-      var model = this;
-      var success = options.success;
-      var wait = options.wait;
-
-      var destroy = function() {
-        model.stopListening();
-        model.trigger('destroy', model, model.collection, options);
-      };
-
-      options.success = function(resp) {
-        if (wait) destroy();
-        if (success) success.call(options.context, model, resp, options);
-        if (!model.isNew()) model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options);
-      };
-
-      var xhr = false;
-      if (this.isNew()) {
-        _.defer(options.success);
-      } else {
-        wrapError(this, options);
-        xhr = this.sync('delete', this, options);
-      }
-      if (!wait) destroy();
-      return xhr;
-    },
-
-    // Default URL for the model's representation on the server -- if you're
-    // using Backbone's restful methods, override this to change the endpoint
-    // that will be called.
-    url: function() {
-      var base =
-        _.result(this, 'urlRoot') ||
-        _.result(this.collection, 'url') ||
-        urlError();
-      if (this.isNew()) return base;
-      var id = this.get(this.idAttribute);
-      return base.replace(/[^\/]$/, '$&/') + encodeURIComponent(id);
-    },
-
-    // **parse** converts a response into the hash of attributes to be `set` on
-    // the model. The default implementation is just to pass the response along.
-    parse: function(resp, options) {
-      return resp;
-    },
-
-    // Create a new model with identical attributes to this one.
-    clone: function() {
-      return new this.constructor(this.attributes);
-    },
-
-    // A model is new if it has never been saved to the server, and lacks an id.
-    isNew: function() {
-      return !this.has(this.idAttribute);
-    },
-
-    // Check if the model is currently in a valid state.
-    isValid: function(options) {
-      return this._validate({}, _.extend({}, options, {validate: true}));
-    },
-
-    // Run validation against the next complete set of model attributes,
-    // returning `true` if all is well. Otherwise, fire an `"invalid"` event.
-    _validate: function(attrs, options) {
-      if (!options.validate || !this.validate) return true;
-      attrs = _.extend({}, this.attributes, attrs);
-      var error = this.validationError = this.validate(attrs, options) || null;
-      if (!error) return true;
-      this.trigger('invalid', this, error, _.extend(options, {validationError: error}));
-      return false;
-    }
-
-  });
-
-  // Backbone.Collection
-  // -------------------
-
-  // If models tend to represent a single row of data, a Backbone Collection is
-  // more analogous to a table full of data ... or a small slice or page of that
-  // table, or a collection of rows that belong together for a particular reason
-  // -- all of the messages in this particular folder, all of the documents
-  // belonging to this particular author, and so on. Collections maintain
-  // indexes of their models, both in order, and for lookup by `id`.
-
-  // Create a new **Collection**, perhaps to contain a specific type of `model`.
-  // If a `comparator` is specified, the Collection will maintain
-  // its models in sort order, as they're added and removed.
-  var Collection = Backbone.Collection = function(models, options) {
-    options || (options = {});
-    this.preinitialize.apply(this, arguments);
-    if (options.model) this.model = options.model;
-    if (options.comparator !== void 0) this.comparator = options.comparator;
-    this._reset();
-    this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
-    if (models) this.reset(models, _.extend({silent: true}, options));
-  };
-
-  // Default options for `Collection#set`.
-  var setOptions = {add: true, remove: true, merge: true};
-  var addOptions = {add: true, remove: false};
-
-  // Splices `insert` into `array` at index `at`.
-  var splice = function(array, insert, at) {
-    at = Math.min(Math.max(at, 0), array.length);
-    var tail = Array(array.length - at);
-    var length = insert.length;
-    var i;
-    for (i = 0; i < tail.length; i++) tail[i] = array[i + at];
-    for (i = 0; i < length; i++) array[i + at] = insert[i];
-    for (i = 0; i < tail.length; i++) array[i + length + at] = tail[i];
-  };
-
-  // Define the Collection's inheritable methods.
-  _.extend(Collection.prototype, Events, {
-
-    // The default model for a collection is just a **Backbone.Model**.
-    // This should be overridden in most cases.
-    model: Model,
-
-
-    // preinitialize is an empty function by default. You can override it with a function
-    // or object.  preinitialize will run before any instantiation logic is run in the Collection.
-    preinitialize: function(){},
-
-    // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
-    // initialization logic.
-    initialize: function(){},
-
-    // The JSON representation of a Collection is an array of the
-    // models' attributes.
-    toJSON: function(options) {
-      return this.map(function(model) { return model.toJSON(options); });
-    },
-
-    // Proxy `Backbone.sync` by default.
-    sync: function() {
-      return Backbone.sync.apply(this, arguments);
-    },
-
-    // Add a model, or list of models to the set. `models` may be Backbone
-    // Models or raw JavaScript objects to be converted to Models, or any
-    // combination of the two.
-    add: function(models, options) {
-      return this.set(models, _.extend({merge: false}, options, addOptions));
-    },
-
-    // Remove a model, or a list of models from the set.
-    remove: function(models, options) {
-      options = _.extend({}, options);
-      var singular = !_.isArray(models);
-      models = singular ? [models] : models.slice();
-      var removed = this._removeModels(models, options);
-      if (!options.silent && removed.length) {
-        options.changes = {added: [], merged: [], removed: removed};
-        this.trigger('update', this, options);
-      }
-      return singular ? removed[0] : removed;
-    },
-
-    // Update a collection by `set`-ing a new list of models, adding new ones,
-    // removing models that are no longer present, and merging models that
-    // already exist in the collection, as necessary. Similar to **Model#set**,
-    // the core operation for updating the data contained by the collection.
-    set: function(models, options) {
-      if (models == null) return;
-
-      options = _.extend({}, setOptions, options);
-      if (options.parse && !this._isModel(models)) {
-        models = this.parse(models, options) || [];
-      }
-
-      var singular = !_.isArray(models);
-      models = singular ? [models] : models.slice();
-
-      var at = options.at;
-      if (at != null) at = +at;
-      if (at > this.length) at = this.length;
-      if (at < 0) at += this.length + 1;
-
-      var set = [];
-      var toAdd = [];
-      var toMerge = [];
-      var toRemove = [];
-      var modelMap = {};
-
-      var add = options.add;
-      var merge = options.merge;
-      var remove = options.remove;
-
-      var sort = false;
-      var sortable = this.comparator && at == null && options.sort !== false;
-      var sortAttr = _.isString(this.comparator) ? this.comparator : null;
-
-      // Turn bare objects into model references, and prevent invalid models
-      // from being added.
-      var model, i;
-      for (i = 0; i < models.length; i++) {
-        model = models[i];
-
-        // If a duplicate is found, prevent it from being added and
-        // optionally merge it into the existing model.
-        var existing = this.get(model);
-        if (existing) {
-          if (merge && model !== existing) {
-            var attrs = this._isModel(model) ? model.attributes : model;
-            if (options.parse) attrs = existing.parse(attrs, options);
-            existing.set(attrs, options);
-            toMerge.push(existing);
-            if (sortable && !sort) sort = existing.hasChanged(sortAttr);
-          }
-          if (!modelMap[existing.cid]) {
-            modelMap[existing.cid] = true;
-            set.push(existing);
-          }
-          models[i] = existing;
-
-        // If this is a new, valid model, push it to the `toAdd` list.
-        } else if (add) {
-          model = models[i] = this._prepareModel(model, options);
-          if (model) {
-            toAdd.push(model);
-            this._addReference(model, options);
-            modelMap[model.cid] = true;
-            set.push(model);
-          }
-        }
-      }
-
-      // Remove stale models.
-      if (remove) {
-        for (i = 0; i < this.length; i++) {
-          model = this.models[i];
-          if (!modelMap[model.cid]) toRemove.push(model);
-        }
-        if (toRemove.length) this._removeModels(toRemove, options);
-      }
-
-      // See if sorting is needed, update `length` and splice in new models.
-      var orderChanged = false;
-      var replace = !sortable && add && remove;
-      if (set.length && replace) {
-        orderChanged = this.length !== set.length || _.some(this.models, function(m, index) {
-          return m !== set[index];
-        });
-        this.models.length = 0;
-        splice(this.models, set, 0);
-        this.length = this.models.length;
-      } else if (toAdd.length) {
-        if (sortable) sort = true;
-        splice(this.models, toAdd, at == null ? this.length : at);
-        this.length = this.models.length;
-      }
-
-      // Silently sort the collection if appropriate.
-      if (sort) this.sort({silent: true});
-
-      // Unless silenced, it's time to fire all appropriate add/sort/update events.
-      if (!options.silent) {
-        for (i = 0; i < toAdd.length; i++) {
-          if (at != null) options.index = at + i;
-          model = toAdd[i];
-          model.trigger('add', model, this, options);
-        }
-        if (sort || orderChanged) this.trigger('sort', this, options);
-        if (toAdd.length || toRemove.length || toMerge.length) {
-          options.changes = {
-            added: toAdd,
-            removed: toRemove,
-            merged: toMerge
-          };
-          this.trigger('update', this, options);
-        }
-      }
-
-      // Return the added (or merged) model (or models).
-      return singular ? models[0] : models;
-    },
-
-    // When you have more items than you want to add or remove individually,
-    // you can reset the entire set with a new list of models, without firing
-    // any granular `add` or `remove` events. Fires `reset` when finished.
-    // Useful for bulk operations and optimizations.
-    reset: function(models, options) {
-      options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
-      for (var i = 0; i < this.models.length; i++) {
-        this._removeReference(this.models[i], options);
-      }
-      options.previousModels = this.models;
-      this._reset();
-      models = this.add(models, _.extend({silent: true}, options));
-      if (!options.silent) this.trigger('reset', this, options);
-      return models;
-    },
-
-    // Add a model to the end of the collection.
-    push: function(model, options) {
-      return this.add(model, _.extend({at: this.length}, options));
-    },
-
-    // Remove a model from the end of the collection.
-    pop: function(options) {
-      var model = this.at(this.length - 1);
-      return this.remove(model, options);
-    },
-
-    // Add a model to the beginning of the collection.
-    unshift: function(model, options) {
-      return this.add(model, _.extend({at: 0}, options));
-    },
-
-    // Remove a model from the beginning of the collection.
-    shift: function(options) {
-      var model = this.at(0);
-      return this.remove(model, options);
-    },
-
-    // Slice out a sub-array of models from the collection.
-    slice: function() {
-      return slice.apply(this.models, arguments);
-    },
-
-    // Get a model from the set by id, cid, model object with id or cid
-    // properties, or an attributes object that is transformed through modelId.
-    get: function(obj) {
-      if (obj == null) return void 0;
-      return this._byId[obj] ||
-        this._byId[this.modelId(this._isModel(obj) ? obj.attributes : obj)] ||
-        obj.cid && this._byId[obj.cid];
-    },
-
-    // Returns `true` if the model is in the collection.
-    has: function(obj) {
-      return this.get(obj) != null;
-    },
-
-    // Get the model at the given index.
-    at: function(index) {
-      if (index < 0) index += this.length;
-      return this.models[index];
-    },
-
-    // Return models with matching attributes. Useful for simple cases of
-    // `filter`.
-    where: function(attrs, first) {
-      return this[first ? 'find' : 'filter'](attrs);
-    },
-
-    // Return the first model with matching attributes. Useful for simple cases
-    // of `find`.
-    findWhere: function(attrs) {
-      return this.where(attrs, true);
-    },
-
-    // Force the collection to re-sort itself. You don't need to call this under
-    // normal circumstances, as the set will maintain sort order as each item
-    // is added.
-    sort: function(options) {
-      var comparator = this.comparator;
-      if (!comparator) throw new Error('Cannot sort a set without a comparator');
-      options || (options = {});
-
-      var length = comparator.length;
-      if (_.isFunction(comparator)) comparator = comparator.bind(this);
-
-      // Run sort based on type of `comparator`.
-      if (length === 1 || _.isString(comparator)) {
-        this.models = this.sortBy(comparator);
-      } else {
-        this.models.sort(comparator);
-      }
-      if (!options.silent) this.trigger('sort', this, options);
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Pluck an attribute from each model in the collection.
-    pluck: function(attr) {
-      return this.map(attr + '');
-    },
-
-    // Fetch the default set of models for this collection, resetting the
-    // collection when they arrive. If `reset: true` is passed, the response
-    // data will be passed through the `reset` method instead of `set`.
-    fetch: function(options) {
-      options = _.extend({parse: true}, options);
-      var success = options.success;
-      var collection = this;
-      options.success = function(resp) {
-        var method = options.reset ? 'reset' : 'set';
-        collection[method](resp, options);
-        if (success) success.call(options.context, collection, resp, options);
-        collection.trigger('sync', collection, resp, options);
-      };
-      wrapError(this, options);
-      return this.sync('read', this, options);
-    },
-
-    // Create a new instance of a model in this collection. Add the model to the
-    // collection immediately, unless `wait: true` is passed, in which case we
-    // wait for the server to agree.
-    create: function(model, options) {
-      options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
-      var wait = options.wait;
-      model = this._prepareModel(model, options);
-      if (!model) return false;
-      if (!wait) this.add(model, options);
-      var collection = this;
-      var success = options.success;
-      options.success = function(m, resp, callbackOpts) {
-        if (wait) collection.add(m, callbackOpts);
-        if (success) success.call(callbackOpts.context, m, resp, callbackOpts);
-      };
-      model.save(null, options);
-      return model;
-    },
-
-    // **parse** converts a response into a list of models to be added to the
-    // collection. The default implementation is just to pass it through.
-    parse: function(resp, options) {
-      return resp;
-    },
-
-    // Create a new collection with an identical list of models as this one.
-    clone: function() {
-      return new this.constructor(this.models, {
-        model: this.model,
-        comparator: this.comparator
-      });
-    },
-
-    // Define how to uniquely identify models in the collection.
-    modelId: function(attrs) {
-      return attrs[this.model.prototype.idAttribute || 'id'];
-    },
-
-    // Get an iterator of all models in this collection.
-    values: function() {
-      return new CollectionIterator(this, ITERATOR_VALUES);
-    },
-
-    // Get an iterator of all model IDs in this collection.
-    keys: function() {
-      return new CollectionIterator(this, ITERATOR_KEYS);
-    },
-
-    // Get an iterator of all [ID, model] tuples in this collection.
-    entries: function() {
-      return new CollectionIterator(this, ITERATOR_KEYSVALUES);
-    },
-
-    // Private method to reset all internal state. Called when the collection
-    // is first initialized or reset.
-    _reset: function() {
-      this.length = 0;
-      this.models = [];
-      this._byId  = {};
-    },
-
-    // Prepare a hash of attributes (or other model) to be added to this
-    // collection.
-    _prepareModel: function(attrs, options) {
-      if (this._isModel(attrs)) {
-        if (!attrs.collection) attrs.collection = this;
-        return attrs;
-      }
-      options = options ? _.clone(options) : {};
-      options.collection = this;
-      var model = new this.model(attrs, options);
-      if (!model.validationError) return model;
-      this.trigger('invalid', this, model.validationError, options);
-      return false;
-    },
-
-    // Internal method called by both remove and set.
-    _removeModels: function(models, options) {
-      var removed = [];
-      for (var i = 0; i < models.length; i++) {
-        var model = this.get(models[i]);
-        if (!model) continue;
-
-        var index = this.indexOf(model);
-        this.models.splice(index, 1);
-        this.length--;
-
-        // Remove references before triggering 'remove' event to prevent an
-        // infinite loop. #3693
-        delete this._byId[model.cid];
-        var id = this.modelId(model.attributes);
-        if (id != null) delete this._byId[id];
-
-        if (!options.silent) {
-          options.index = index;
-          model.trigger('remove', model, this, options);
-        }
-
-        removed.push(model);
-        this._removeReference(model, options);
-      }
-      return removed;
-    },
-
-    // Method for checking whether an object should be considered a model for
-    // the purposes of adding to the collection.
-    _isModel: function(model) {
-      return model instanceof Model;
-    },
-
-    // Internal method to create a model's ties to a collection.
-    _addReference: function(model, options) {
-      this._byId[model.cid] = model;
-      var id = this.modelId(model.attributes);
-      if (id != null) this._byId[id] = model;
-      model.on('all', this._onModelEvent, this);
-    },
-
-    // Internal method to sever a model's ties to a collection.
-    _removeReference: function(model, options) {
-      delete this._byId[model.cid];
-      var id = this.modelId(model.attributes);
-      if (id != null) delete this._byId[id];
-      if (this === model.collection) delete model.collection;
-      model.off('all', this._onModelEvent, this);
-    },
-
-    // Internal method called every time a model in the set fires an event.
-    // Sets need to update their indexes when models change ids. All other
-    // events simply proxy through. "add" and "remove" events that originate
-    // in other collections are ignored.
-    _onModelEvent: function(event, model, collection, options) {
-      if (model) {
-        if ((event === 'add' || event === 'remove') && collection !== this) return;
-        if (event === 'destroy') this.remove(model, options);
-        if (event === 'change') {
-          var prevId = this.modelId(model.previousAttributes());
-          var id = this.modelId(model.attributes);
-          if (prevId !== id) {
-            if (prevId != null) delete this._byId[prevId];
-            if (id != null) this._byId[id] = model;
-          }
-        }
-      }
-      this.trigger.apply(this, arguments);
-    }
-
-  });
-
-  // Defining an @@iterator method implements JavaScript's Iterable protocol.
-  // In modern ES2015 browsers, this value is found at Symbol.iterator.
-  /* global Symbol */
-  var $$iterator = typeof Symbol === 'function' && Symbol.iterator;
-  if ($$iterator) {
-    Collection.prototype[$$iterator] = Collection.prototype.values;
-  }
-
-  // CollectionIterator
-  // ------------------
-
-  // A CollectionIterator implements JavaScript's Iterator protocol, allowing the
-  // use of `for of` loops in modern browsers and interoperation between
-  // Backbone.Collection and other JavaScript functions and third-party libraries
-  // which can operate on Iterables.
-  var CollectionIterator = function(collection, kind) {
-    this._collection = collection;
-    this._kind = kind;
-    this._index = 0;
-  };
-
-  // This "enum" defines the three possible kinds of values which can be emitted
-  // by a CollectionIterator that correspond to the values(), keys() and entries()
-  // methods on Collection, respectively.
-  var ITERATOR_VALUES = 1;
-  var ITERATOR_KEYS = 2;
-  var ITERATOR_KEYSVALUES = 3;
-
-  // All Iterators should themselves be Iterable.
-  if ($$iterator) {
-    CollectionIterator.prototype[$$iterator] = function() {
-      return this;
-    };
-  }
-
-  CollectionIterator.prototype.next = function() {
-    if (this._collection) {
-
-      // Only continue iterating if the iterated collection is long enough.
-      if (this._index < this._collection.length) {
-        var model = this._collection.at(this._index);
-        this._index++;
-
-        // Construct a value depending on what kind of values should be iterated.
-        var value;
-        if (this._kind === ITERATOR_VALUES) {
-          value = model;
-        } else {
-          var id = this._collection.modelId(model.attributes);
-          if (this._kind === ITERATOR_KEYS) {
-            value = id;
-          } else { // ITERATOR_KEYSVALUES
-            value = [id, model];
-          }
-        }
-        return {value: value, done: false};
-      }
-
-      // Once exhausted, remove the reference to the collection so future
-      // calls to the next method always return done.
-      this._collection = void 0;
-    }
-
-    return {value: void 0, done: true};
-  };
-
-  // Backbone.View
-  // -------------
-
-  // Backbone Views are almost more convention than they are actual code. A View
-  // is simply a JavaScript object that represents a logical chunk of UI in the
-  // DOM. This might be a single item, an entire list, a sidebar or panel, or
-  // even the surrounding frame which wraps your whole app. Defining a chunk of
-  // UI as a **View** allows you to define your DOM events declaratively, without
-  // having to worry about render order ... and makes it easy for the view to
-  // react to specific changes in the state of your models.
-
-  // Creating a Backbone.View creates its initial element outside of the DOM,
-  // if an existing element is not provided...
-  var View = Backbone.View = function(options) {
-    this.cid = _.uniqueId('view');
-    this.preinitialize.apply(this, arguments);
-    _.extend(this, _.pick(options, viewOptions));
-    this._ensureElement();
-    this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
-  };
-
-  // Cached regex to split keys for `delegate`.
-  var delegateEventSplitter = /^(\S+)\s*(.*)$/;
-
-  // List of view options to be set as properties.
-  var viewOptions = ['model', 'collection', 'el', 'id', 'attributes', 'className', 'tagName', 'events'];
-
-  // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.View** properties and methods.
-  _.extend(View.prototype, Events, {
-
-    // The default `tagName` of a View's element is `"div"`.
-    tagName: 'div',
-
-    // jQuery delegate for element lookup, scoped to DOM elements within the
-    // current view. This should be preferred to global lookups where possible.
-    $: function(selector) {
-      return this.$el.find(selector);
-    },
-
-    // preinitialize is an empty function by default. You can override it with a function
-    // or object.  preinitialize will run before any instantiation logic is run in the View
-    preinitialize: function(){},
-
-    // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
-    // initialization logic.
-    initialize: function(){},
-
-    // **render** is the core function that your view should override, in order
-    // to populate its element (`this.el`), with the appropriate HTML. The
-    // convention is for **render** to always return `this`.
-    render: function() {
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Remove this view by taking the element out of the DOM, and removing any
-    // applicable Backbone.Events listeners.
-    remove: function() {
-      this._removeElement();
-      this.stopListening();
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Remove this view's element from the document and all event listeners
-    // attached to it. Exposed for subclasses using an alternative DOM
-    // manipulation API.
-    _removeElement: function() {
-      this.$el.remove();
-    },
-
-    // Change the view's element (`this.el` property) and re-delegate the
-    // view's events on the new element.
-    setElement: function(element) {
-      this.undelegateEvents();
-      this._setElement(element);
-      this.delegateEvents();
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Creates the `this.el` and `this.$el` references for this view using the
-    // given `el`. `el` can be a CSS selector or an HTML string, a jQuery
-    // context or an element. Subclasses can override this to utilize an
-    // alternative DOM manipulation API and are only required to set the
-    // `this.el` property.
-    _setElement: function(el) {
-      this.$el = el instanceof Backbone.$ ? el : Backbone.$(el);
-      this.el = this.$el[0];
-    },
-
-    // Set callbacks, where `this.events` is a hash of
-    //
-    // *{"event selector": "callback"}*
-    //
-    //     {
-    //       'mousedown .title':  'edit',
-    //       'click .button':     'save',
-    //       'click .open':       function(e) { ... }
-    //     }
-    //
-    // pairs. Callbacks will be bound to the view, with `this` set properly.
-    // Uses event delegation for efficiency.
-    // Omitting the selector binds the event to `this.el`.
-    delegateEvents: function(events) {
-      events || (events = _.result(this, 'events'));
-      if (!events) return this;
-      this.undelegateEvents();
-      for (var key in events) {
-        var method = events[key];
-        if (!_.isFunction(method)) method = this[method];
-        if (!method) continue;
-        var match = key.match(delegateEventSplitter);
-        this.delegate(match[1], match[2], method.bind(this));
-      }
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Add a single event listener to the view's element (or a child element
-    // using `selector`). This only works for delegate-able events: not `focus`,
-    // `blur`, and not `change`, `submit`, and `reset` in Internet Explorer.
-    delegate: function(eventName, selector, listener) {
-      this.$el.on(eventName + '.delegateEvents' + this.cid, selector, listener);
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Clears all callbacks previously bound to the view by `delegateEvents`.
-    // You usually don't need to use this, but may wish to if you have multiple
-    // Backbone views attached to the same DOM element.
-    undelegateEvents: function() {
-      if (this.$el) this.$el.off('.delegateEvents' + this.cid);
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // A finer-grained `undelegateEvents` for removing a single delegated event.
-    // `selector` and `listener` are both optional.
-    undelegate: function(eventName, selector, listener) {
-      this.$el.off(eventName + '.delegateEvents' + this.cid, selector, listener);
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Produces a DOM element to be assigned to your view. Exposed for
-    // subclasses using an alternative DOM manipulation API.
-    _createElement: function(tagName) {
-      return document.createElement(tagName);
-    },
-
-    // Ensure that the View has a DOM element to render into.
-    // If `this.el` is a string, pass it through `$()`, take the first
-    // matching element, and re-assign it to `el`. Otherwise, create
-    // an element from the `id`, `className` and `tagName` properties.
-    _ensureElement: function() {
-      if (!this.el) {
-        var attrs = _.extend({}, _.result(this, 'attributes'));
-        if (this.id) attrs.id = _.result(this, 'id');
-        if (this.className) attrs['class'] = _.result(this, 'className');
-        this.setElement(this._createElement(_.result(this, 'tagName')));
-        this._setAttributes(attrs);
-      } else {
-        this.setElement(_.result(this, 'el'));
-      }
-    },
-
-    // Set attributes from a hash on this view's element.  Exposed for
-    // subclasses using an alternative DOM manipulation API.
-    _setAttributes: function(attributes) {
-      this.$el.attr(attributes);
-    }
-
-  });
-
-  // Proxy Backbone class methods to Underscore functions, wrapping the model's
-  // `attributes` object or collection's `models` array behind the scenes.
-  //
-  // collection.filter(function(model) { return model.get('age') > 10 });
-  // collection.each(this.addView);
-  //
-  // `Function#apply` can be slow so we use the method's arg count, if we know it.
-  var addMethod = function(base, length, method, attribute) {
-    switch (length) {
-      case 1: return function() {
-        return base[method](this[attribute]);
-      };
-      case 2: return function(value) {
-        return base[method](this[attribute], value);
-      };
-      case 3: return function(iteratee, context) {
-        return base[method](this[attribute], cb(iteratee, this), context);
-      };
-      case 4: return function(iteratee, defaultVal, context) {
-        return base[method](this[attribute], cb(iteratee, this), defaultVal, context);
-      };
-      default: return function() {
-        var args = slice.call(arguments);
-        args.unshift(this[attribute]);
-        return base[method].apply(base, args);
-      };
-    }
-  };
-
-  var addUnderscoreMethods = function(Class, base, methods, attribute) {
-    _.each(methods, function(length, method) {
-      if (base[method]) Class.prototype[method] = addMethod(base, length, method, attribute);
-    });
-  };
-
-  // Support `collection.sortBy('attr')` and `collection.findWhere({id: 1})`.
-  var cb = function(iteratee, instance) {
-    if (_.isFunction(iteratee)) return iteratee;
-    if (_.isObject(iteratee) && !instance._isModel(iteratee)) return modelMatcher(iteratee);
-    if (_.isString(iteratee)) return function(model) { return model.get(iteratee); };
-    return iteratee;
-  };
-  var modelMatcher = function(attrs) {
-    var matcher = _.matches(attrs);
-    return function(model) {
-      return matcher(model.attributes);
-    };
-  };
-
-  // Underscore methods that we want to implement on the Collection.
-  // 90% of the core usefulness of Backbone Collections is actually implemented
-  // right here:
-  var collectionMethods = {forEach: 3, each: 3, map: 3, collect: 3, reduce: 0,
-    foldl: 0, inject: 0, reduceRight: 0, foldr: 0, find: 3, detect: 3, filter: 3,
-    select: 3, reject: 3, every: 3, all: 3, some: 3, any: 3, include: 3, includes: 3,
-    contains: 3, invoke: 0, max: 3, min: 3, toArray: 1, size: 1, first: 3,
-    head: 3, take: 3, initial: 3, rest: 3, tail: 3, drop: 3, last: 3,
-    without: 0, difference: 0, indexOf: 3, shuffle: 1, lastIndexOf: 3,
-    isEmpty: 1, chain: 1, sample: 3, partition: 3, groupBy: 3, countBy: 3,
-    sortBy: 3, indexBy: 3, findIndex: 3, findLastIndex: 3};
-
-
-  // Underscore methods that we want to implement on the Model, mapped to the
-  // number of arguments they take.
-  var modelMethods = {keys: 1, values: 1, pairs: 1, invert: 1, pick: 0,
-    omit: 0, chain: 1, isEmpty: 1};
-
-  // Mix in each Underscore method as a proxy to `Collection#models`.
-
-  _.each([
-    [Collection, collectionMethods, 'models'],
-    [Model, modelMethods, 'attributes']
-  ], function(config) {
-    var Base = config[0],
-        methods = config[1],
-        attribute = config[2];
-
-    Base.mixin = function(obj) {
-      var mappings = _.reduce(_.functions(obj), function(memo, name) {
-        memo[name] = 0;
-        return memo;
-      }, {});
-      addUnderscoreMethods(Base, obj, mappings, attribute);
-    };
-
-    addUnderscoreMethods(Base, _, methods, attribute);
-  });
-
-  // Backbone.sync
-  // -------------
-
-  // Override this function to change the manner in which Backbone persists
-  // models to the server. You will be passed the type of request, and the
-  // model in question. By default, makes a RESTful Ajax request
-  // to the model's `url()`. Some possible customizations could be:
-  //
-  // * Use `setTimeout` to batch rapid-fire updates into a single request.
-  // * Send up the models as XML instead of JSON.
-  // * Persist models via WebSockets instead of Ajax.
-  //
-  // Turn on `Backbone.emulateHTTP` in order to send `PUT` and `DELETE` requests
-  // as `POST`, with a `_method` parameter containing the true HTTP method,
-  // as well as all requests with the body as `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`
-  // instead of `application/json` with the model in a param named `model`.
-  // Useful when interfacing with server-side languages like **PHP** that make
-  // it difficult to read the body of `PUT` requests.
-  Backbone.sync = function(method, model, options) {
-    var type = methodMap[method];
-
-    // Default options, unless specified.
-    _.defaults(options || (options = {}), {
-      emulateHTTP: Backbone.emulateHTTP,
-      emulateJSON: Backbone.emulateJSON
-    });
-
-    // Default JSON-request options.
-    var params = {type: type, dataType: 'json'};
-
-    // Ensure that we have a URL.
-    if (!options.url) {
-      params.url = _.result(model, 'url') || urlError();
-    }
-
-    // Ensure that we have the appropriate request data.
-    if (options.data == null && model && (method === 'create' || method === 'update' || method === 'patch')) {
-      params.contentType = 'application/json';
-      params.data = JSON.stringify(options.attrs || model.toJSON(options));
-    }
-
-    // For older servers, emulate JSON by encoding the request into an HTML-form.
-    if (options.emulateJSON) {
-      params.contentType = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded';
-      params.data = params.data ? {model: params.data} : {};
-    }
-
-    // For older servers, emulate HTTP by mimicking the HTTP method with `_method`
-    // And an `X-HTTP-Method-Override` header.
-    if (options.emulateHTTP && (type === 'PUT' || type === 'DELETE' || type === 'PATCH')) {
-      params.type = 'POST';
-      if (options.emulateJSON) params.data._method = type;
-      var beforeSend = options.beforeSend;
-      options.beforeSend = function(xhr) {
-        xhr.setRequestHeader('X-HTTP-Method-Override', type);
-        if (beforeSend) return beforeSend.apply(this, arguments);
-      };
-    }
-
-    // Don't process data on a non-GET request.
-    if (params.type !== 'GET' && !options.emulateJSON) {
-      params.processData = false;
-    }
-
-    // Pass along `textStatus` and `errorThrown` from jQuery.
-    var error = options.error;
-    options.error = function(xhr, textStatus, errorThrown) {
-      options.textStatus = textStatus;
-      options.errorThrown = errorThrown;
-      if (error) error.call(options.context, xhr, textStatus, errorThrown);
-    };
-
-    // Make the request, allowing the user to override any Ajax options.
-    var xhr = options.xhr = Backbone.ajax(_.extend(params, options));
-    model.trigger('request', model, xhr, options);
-    return xhr;
-  };
-
-  // Map from CRUD to HTTP for our default `Backbone.sync` implementation.
-  var methodMap = {
-    create: 'POST',
-    update: 'PUT',
-    patch: 'PATCH',
-    delete: 'DELETE',
-    read: 'GET'
-  };
-
-  // Set the default implementation of `Backbone.ajax` to proxy through to `$`.
-  // Override this if you'd like to use a different library.
-  Backbone.ajax = function() {
-    return Backbone.$.ajax.apply(Backbone.$, arguments);
-  };
-
-  // Backbone.Router
-  // ---------------
-
-  // Routers map faux-URLs to actions, and fire events when routes are
-  // matched. Creating a new one sets its `routes` hash, if not set statically.
-  var Router = Backbone.Router = function(options) {
-    options || (options = {});
-    this.preinitialize.apply(this, arguments);
-    if (options.routes) this.routes = options.routes;
-    this._bindRoutes();
-    this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
-  };
-
-  // Cached regular expressions for matching named param parts and splatted
-  // parts of route strings.
-  var optionalParam = /\((.*?)\)/g;
-  var namedParam    = /(\(\?)?:\w+/g;
-  var splatParam    = /\*\w+/g;
-  var escapeRegExp  = /[\-{}\[\]+?.,\\\^$|#\s]/g;
-
-  // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.Router** properties and methods.
-  _.extend(Router.prototype, Events, {
-
-    // preinitialize is an empty function by default. You can override it with a function
-    // or object.  preinitialize will run before any instantiation logic is run in the Router.
-    preinitialize: function(){},
-
-    // Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
-    // initialization logic.
-    initialize: function(){},
-
-    // Manually bind a single named route to a callback. For example:
-    //
-    //     this.route('search/:query/p:num', 'search', function(query, num) {
-    //       ...
-    //     });
-    //
-    route: function(route, name, callback) {
-      if (!_.isRegExp(route)) route = this._routeToRegExp(route);
-      if (_.isFunction(name)) {
-        callback = name;
-        name = '';
-      }
-      if (!callback) callback = this[name];
-      var router = this;
-      Backbone.history.route(route, function(fragment) {
-        var args = router._extractParameters(route, fragment);
-        if (router.execute(callback, args, name) !== false) {
-          router.trigger.apply(router, ['route:' + name].concat(args));
-          router.trigger('route', name, args);
-          Backbone.history.trigger('route', router, name, args);
-        }
-      });
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Execute a route handler with the provided parameters.  This is an
-    // excellent place to do pre-route setup or post-route cleanup.
-    execute: function(callback, args, name) {
-      if (callback) callback.apply(this, args);
-    },
-
-    // Simple proxy to `Backbone.history` to save a fragment into the history.
-    navigate: function(fragment, options) {
-      Backbone.history.navigate(fragment, options);
-      return this;
-    },
-
-    // Bind all defined routes to `Backbone.history`. We have to reverse the
-    // order of the routes here to support behavior where the most general
-    // routes can be defined at the bottom of the route map.
-    _bindRoutes: function() {
-      if (!this.routes) return;
-      this.routes = _.result(this, 'routes');
-      var route, routes = _.keys(this.routes);
-      while ((route = routes.pop()) != null) {
-        this.route(route, this.routes[route]);
-      }
-    },
-
-    // Convert a route string into a regular expression, suitable for matching
-    // against the current location hash.
-    _routeToRegExp: function(route) {
-      route = route.replace(escapeRegExp, '\\$&')
-        .replace(optionalParam, '(?:$1)?')
-        .replace(namedParam, function(match, optional) {
-          return optional ? match : '([^/?]+)';
-        })
-        .replace(splatParam, '([^?]*?)');
-      return new RegExp('^' + route + '(?:\\?([\\s\\S]*))?$');
-    },
-
-    // Given a route, and a URL fragment that it matches, return the array of
-    // extracted decoded parameters. Empty or unmatched parameters will be
-    // treated as `null` to normalize cross-browser behavior.
-    _extractParameters: function(route, fragment) {
-      var params = route.exec(fragment).slice(1);
-      return _.map(params, function(param, i) {
-        // Don't decode the search params.
-        if (i === params.length - 1) return param || null;
-        return param ? decodeURIComponent(param) : null;
-      });
-    }
-
-  });
-
-  // Backbone.History
-  // ----------------
-
-  // Handles cross-browser history management, based on either
-  // [pushState](http://diveintohtml5.info/history.html) and real URLs, or
-  // [onhashchange](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/window.onhashchange)
-  // and URL fragments. If the browser supports neither (old IE, natch),
-  // falls back to polling.
-  var History = Backbone.History = function() {
-    this.handlers = [];
-    this.checkUrl = this.checkUrl.bind(this);
-
-    // Ensure that `History` can be used outside of the browser.
-    if (typeof window !== 'undefined') {
-      this.location = window.location;
-      this.history = window.history;
-    }
-  };
-
-  // Cached regex for stripping a leading hash/slash and trailing space.
-  var routeStripper = /^[#\/]|\s+$/g;
-
-  // Cached regex for stripping leading and trailing slashes.
-  var rootStripper = /^\/+|\/+$/g;
-
-  // Cached regex for stripping urls of hash.
-  var pathStripper = /#.*$/;
-
-  // Has the history handling already been started?
-  History.started = false;
-
-  // Set up all inheritable **Backbone.History** properties and methods.
-  _.extend(History.prototype, Events, {
-
-    // The default interval to poll for hash changes, if necessary, is
-    // twenty times a second.
-    interval: 50,
-
-    // Are we at the app root?
-    atRoot: function() {
-      var path = this.location.pathname.replace(/[^\/]$/, '$&/');
-      return path === this.root && !this.getSearch();
-    },
-
-    // Does the pathname match the root?
-    matchRoot: function() {
-      var path = this.decodeFragment(this.location.pathname);
-      var rootPath = path.slice(0, this.root.length - 1) + '/';
-      return rootPath === this.root;
-    },
-
-    // Unicode characters in `location.pathname` are percent encoded so they're
-    // decoded for comparison. `%25` should not be decoded since it may be part
-    // of an encoded parameter.
-    decodeFragment: function(fragment) {
-      return decodeURI(fragment.replace(/%25/g, '%2525'));
-    },
-
-    // In IE6, the hash fragment and search params are incorrect if the
-    // fragment contains `?`.
-    getSearch: function() {
-      var match = this.location.href.replace(/#.*/, '').match(/\?.+/);
-      return match ? match[0] : '';
-    },
-
-    // Gets the true hash value. Cannot use location.hash directly due to bug
-    // in Firefox where location.hash will always be decoded.
-    getHash: function(window) {
-      var match = (window || this).location.href.match(/#(.*)$/);
-      return match ? match[1] : '';
-    },
-
-    // Get the pathname and search params, without the root.
-    getPath: function() {
-      var path = this.decodeFragment(
-        this.location.pathname + this.getSearch()
-      ).slice(this.root.length - 1);
-      return path.charAt(0) === '/' ? path.slice(1) : path;
-    },
-
-    // Get the cross-browser normalized URL fragment from the path or hash.
-    getFragment: function(fragment) {
-      if (fragment == null) {
-        if (this._usePushState || !this._wantsHashChange) {
-          fragment = this.getPath();
-        } else {
-          fragment = this.getHash();
-        }
-      }
-      return fragment.replace(routeStripper, '');
-    },
-
-    // Start the hash change handling, returning `true` if the current URL matches
-    // an existing route, and `false` otherwise.
-    start: function(options) {
-      if (History.started) throw new Error('Backbone.history has already been started');
-      History.started = true;
-
-      // Figure out the initial configuration. Do we need an iframe?
-      // Is pushState desired ... is it available?
-      this.options          = _.extend({root: '/'}, this.options, options);
-      this.root             = this.options.root;
-      this._wantsHashChange = this.options.hashChange !== false;
-      this._hasHashChange   = 'onhashchange' in window && (document.documentMode === void 0 || document.documentMode > 7);
-      this._useHashChange   = this._wantsHashChange && this._hasHashChange;
-      this._wantsPushState  = !!this.options.pushState;
-      this._hasPushState    = !!(this.history && this.history.pushState);
-      this._usePushState    = this._wantsPushState && this._hasPushState;
-      this.fragment         = this.getFragment();
-
-      // Normalize root to always include a leading and trailing slash.
-      this.root = ('/' + this.root + '/').replace(rootStripper, '/');
-
-      // Transition from hashChange to pushState or vice versa if both are
-      // requested.
-      if (this._wantsHashChange && this._wantsPushState) {
-
-        // If we've started off with a route from a `pushState`-enabled
-        // browser, but we're currently in a browser that doesn't support it...
-        if (!this._hasPushState && !this.atRoot()) {
-          var rootPath = this.root.slice(0, -1) || '/';
-          this.location.replace(rootPath + '#' + this.getPath());
-          // Return immediately as browser will do redirect to new url
-          return true;
-
-        // Or if we've started out with a hash-based route, but we're currently
-        // in a browser where it could be `pushState`-based instead...
-        } else if (this._hasPushState && this.atRoot()) {
-          this.navigate(this.getHash(), {replace: true});
-        }
-
-      }
-
-      // Proxy an iframe to handle location events if the browser doesn't
-      // support the `hashchange` event, HTML5 history, or the user wants
-      // `hashChange` but not `pushState`.
-      if (!this._hasHashChange && this._wantsHashChange && !this._usePushState) {
-        this.iframe = document.createElement('iframe');
-        this.iframe.src = 'javascript:0';
-        this.iframe.style.display = 'none';
-        this.iframe.tabIndex = -1;
-        var body = document.body;
-        // Using `appendChild` will throw on IE < 9 if the document is not ready.
-        var iWindow = body.insertBefore(this.iframe, body.firstChild).contentWindow;
-        iWindow.document.open();
-        iWindow.document.close();
-        iWindow.location.hash = '#' + this.fragment;
-      }
-
-      // Add a cross-platform `addEventListener` shim for older browsers.
-      var addEventListener = window.addEventListener || function(eventName, listener) {
-        return attachEvent('on' + eventName, listener);
-      };
-
-      // Depending on whether we're using pushState or hashes, and whether
-      // 'onhashchange' is supported, determine how we check the URL state.
-      if (this._usePushState) {
-        addEventListener('popstate', this.checkUrl, false);
-      } else if (this._useHashChange && !this.iframe) {
-        addEventListener('hashchange', this.checkUrl, false);
-      } else if (this._wantsHashChange) {
-        this._checkUrlInterval = setInterval(this.checkUrl, this.interval);
-      }
-
-      if (!this.options.silent) return this.loadUrl();
-    },
-
-    // Disable Backbone.history, perhaps temporarily. Not useful in a real app,
-    // but possibly useful for unit testing Routers.
-    stop: function() {
-      // Add a cross-platform `removeEventListener` shim for older browsers.
-      var removeEventListener = window.removeEventListener || function(eventName, listener) {
-        return detachEvent('on' + eventName, listener);
-      };
-
-      // Remove window listeners.
-      if (this._usePushState) {
-        removeEventListener('popstate', this.checkUrl, false);
-      } else if (this._useHashChange && !this.iframe) {
-        removeEventListener('hashchange', this.checkUrl, false);
-      }
-
-      // Clean up the iframe if necessary.
-      if (this.iframe) {
-        document.body.removeChild(this.iframe);
-        this.iframe = null;
-      }
-
-      // Some environments will throw when clearing an undefined interval.
-      if (this._checkUrlInterval) clearInterval(this._checkUrlInterval);
-      History.started = false;
-    },
-
-    // Add a route to be tested when the fragment changes. Routes added later
-    // may override previous routes.
-    route: function(route, callback) {
-      this.handlers.unshift({route: route, callback: callback});
-    },
-
-    // Checks the current URL to see if it has changed, and if it has,
-    // calls `loadUrl`, normalizing across the hidden iframe.
-    checkUrl: function(e) {
-      var current = this.getFragment();
-
-      // If the user pressed the back button, the iframe's hash will have
-      // changed and we should use that for comparison.
-      if (current === this.fragment && this.iframe) {
-        current = this.getHash(this.iframe.contentWindow);
-      }
-
-      if (current === this.fragment) return false;
-      if (this.iframe) this.navigate(current);
-      this.loadUrl();
-    },
-
-    // Attempt to load the current URL fragment. If a route succeeds with a
-    // match, returns `true`. If no defined routes matches the fragment,
-    // returns `false`.
-    loadUrl: function(fragment) {
-      // If the root doesn't match, no routes can match either.
-      if (!this.matchRoot()) return false;
-      fragment = this.fragment = this.getFragment(fragment);
-      return _.some(this.handlers, function(handler) {
-        if (handler.route.test(fragment)) {
-          handler.callback(fragment);
-          return true;
-        }
-      });
-    },
-
-    // Save a fragment into the hash history, or replace the URL state if the
-    // 'replace' option is passed. You are responsible for properly URL-encoding
-    // the fragment in advance.
-    //
-    // The options object can contain `trigger: true` if you wish to have the
-    // route callback be fired (not usually desirable), or `replace: true`, if
-    // you wish to modify the current URL without adding an entry to the history.
-    navigate: function(fragment, options) {
-      if (!History.started) return false;
-      if (!options || options === true) options = {trigger: !!options};
-
-      // Normalize the fragment.
-      fragment = this.getFragment(fragment || '');
-
-      // Don't include a trailing slash on the root.
-      var rootPath = this.root;
-      if (fragment === '' || fragment.charAt(0) === '?') {
-        rootPath = rootPath.slice(0, -1) || '/';
-      }
-      var url = rootPath + fragment;
-
-      // Strip the fragment of the query and hash for matching.
-      fragment = fragment.replace(pathStripper, '');
-
-      // Decode for matching.
-      var decodedFragment = this.decodeFragment(fragment);
-
-      if (this.fragment === decodedFragment) return;
-      this.fragment = decodedFragment;
-
-      // If pushState is available, we use it to set the fragment as a real URL.
-      if (this._usePushState) {
-        this.history[options.replace ? 'replaceState' : 'pushState']({}, document.title, url);
-
-      // If hash changes haven't been explicitly disabled, update the hash
-      // fragment to store history.
-      } else if (this._wantsHashChange) {
-        this._updateHash(this.location, fragment, options.replace);
-        if (this.iframe && fragment !== this.getHash(this.iframe.contentWindow)) {
-          var iWindow = this.iframe.contentWindow;
-
-          // Opening and closing the iframe tricks IE7 and earlier to push a
-          // history entry on hash-tag change.  When replace is true, we don't
-          // want this.
-          if (!options.replace) {
-            iWindow.document.open();
-            iWindow.document.close();
-          }
-
-          this._updateHash(iWindow.location, fragment, options.replace);
-        }
-
-      // If you've told us that you explicitly don't want fallback hashchange-
-      // based history, then `navigate` becomes a page refresh.
-      } else {
-        return this.location.assign(url);
-      }
-      if (options.trigger) return this.loadUrl(fragment);
-    },
-
-    // Update the hash location, either replacing the current entry, or adding
-    // a new one to the browser history.
-    _updateHash: function(location, fragment, replace) {
-      if (replace) {
-        var href = location.href.replace(/(javascript:|#).*$/, '');
-        location.replace(href + '#' + fragment);
-      } else {
-        // Some browsers require that `hash` contains a leading #.
-        location.hash = '#' + fragment;
-      }
-    }
-
-  });
-
-  // Create the default Backbone.history.
-  Backbone.history = new History;
-
-  // Helpers
-  // -------
-
-  // Helper function to correctly set up the prototype chain for subclasses.
-  // Similar to `goog.inherits`, but uses a hash of prototype properties and
-  // class properties to be extended.
-  var extend = function(protoProps, staticProps) {
-    var parent = this;
-    var child;
-
-    // The constructor function for the new subclass is either defined by you
-    // (the "constructor" property in your `extend` definition), or defaulted
-    // by us to simply call the parent constructor.
-    if (protoProps && _.has(protoProps, 'constructor')) {
-      child = protoProps.constructor;
-    } else {
-      child = function(){ return parent.apply(this, arguments); };
-    }
-
-    // Add static properties to the constructor function, if supplied.
-    _.extend(child, parent, staticProps);
-
-    // Set the prototype chain to inherit from `parent`, without calling
-    // `parent`'s constructor function and add the prototype properties.
-    child.prototype = _.create(parent.prototype, protoProps);
-    child.prototype.constructor = child;
-
-    // Set a convenience property in case the parent's prototype is needed
-    // later.
-    child.__super__ = parent.prototype;
-
-    return child;
-  };
-
-  // Set up inheritance for the model, collection, router, view and history.
-  Model.extend = Collection.extend = Router.extend = View.extend = History.extend = extend;
-
-  // Throw an error when a URL is needed, and none is supplied.
-  var urlError = function() {
-    throw new Error('A "url" property or function must be specified');
-  };
-
-  // Wrap an optional error callback with a fallback error event.
-  var wrapError = function(model, options) {
-    var error = options.error;
-    options.error = function(resp) {
-      if (error) error.call(options.context, model, resp, options);
-      model.trigger('error', model, resp, options);
-    };
-  };
-
-  return Backbone;
-});
-var Account = Backbone.Model.extend({
-
-    defaults: {
-        'id': 0,
-        'name': '',
-        'email': '',
-        'is_cof': '',
-        'promo': '',
-        'balance': '',
-        'is_frozen': false,
-        'departement': '',
-        'nickname': '',
-    },
-
-    url: function () {
-        return django_urls["kfet.account.read.json"](encodeURIComponent(this.get("trigramme")))
-    },
-
-    reset: function () {
-        // Réinitialise les attributs du modèle à leurs défaults, sauf le trigramme qui est bind à l'input.
-        // On n'utilise pas .clear() car on ne veut pas clear le trigramme.
-        this.set(this.defaults)
-    },
-
-    parse: function (resp, options) {
-        if (_.has(resp, 'balance')) {
-            return _.extend(resp, { 'balance': parseFloat(resp.balance) });
-        } else {
-            return resp;
-        }
-    },
-
-    view: function () {
-        var view_class;
-        if (!this.is_empty_account()) {
-            view_class = EmptyAccountView
-        } else if (this.get("trigramme") == 'LIQ') {
-            view_class = LIQView
-        } else {
-            view_class = AccountView
-        }
-        return new view_class({ model: this })
-    },
-
-    render: function () {
-        this.view().render();
-    },
-
-    is_empty_account: function () {
-        return (this.id != 0)
-    },
-})
-
-var AccountView = Backbone.View.extend({
-
-    el: '#account',
-    buttons: '.buttons',
-    id_field: "#id_on_acc",
-
-    props: _.keys(Account.prototype.defaults),
-
-    get: function (property) {
-        /* If the function this.get_<property> is defined,
-        we call it ; else we call this.model.<property>. */
-        var getter_name = `get_${property}`;
-        if (_.functions(this).includes(getter_name))
-            return this[getter_name]()
-        else
-            return this.model.get(property)
-    },
-
-    get_is_cof: function () {
-        return this.model.get("is_cof") ? 'COF' : 'Non-COF';
-    },
-
-    get_balance: function () {
-        return amountToUKF(this.model.get("balance"), this.model.get("is_cof"), true);
-    },
-
-    attr_data_balance: function () {
-        // Cette fonction est utilisée uniquement sur un compte valide
-        if (this.model.get("balance") < 0) {
-            return 'neg';
-        } else if (this.model.get("balance") <= 5) {
-            return 'low';
-        } else {
-            return 'ok';
-        }
-    },
-
-    get_buttons: function () {
-        var url = django_urls["kfet.account.read"](this.model.get("trigramme"));
-
-        return `<a href="${url}" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank" title="Modifier"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-cog"></span></a>`;
-    },
-
-    render: function () {
-        for (let prop of this.props) {
-            var selector = "#account-" + prop;
-            this.$(selector).text(this.get(prop));
-        }
-
-        this.$el.attr("data-balance", this.attr_data_balance());
-        this.$(this.buttons).html(this.get_buttons());
-        $(this.id_field).val(this.get("id"));
-    },
-})
-
-var LIQView = AccountView.extend({
-    get_balance: function () {
-        return "";
-    },
-
-    attr_data_balance: function () {
-        return 'ok';
-    }
-})
-
-var EmptyAccountView = AccountView.extend({
-    get: function () {
-        return '';
-    },
-
-    attr_data_balance: function () {
-        return '';
-    },
-
-    get_buttons: function () {
-        /* Léger changement de fonctionnement :
-        on affiche *toujours* le bouton de recherche si
-        le compte est invalide */
-        var buttons = '<button class="btn btn-primary search" title="Rechercher"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-search"></span></button>';
-        var trigramme = this.model.get("trigramme")
-        if (trigramme.is_valid_trigramme()) {
-            trigramme = encodeURIComponent(trigramme);
-            var url_base = django_urls["kfet.account.create"]();
-            var url = `${url_base}?trigramme=${trigramme}`;
-            buttons += `<a href="${url}" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank" title="Créer"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus"></span></a>`;
-        }
-
-        return buttons
-    }
-})
-class AccountManager {
-    // Classe pour gérer la partie "compte" de K-Psul
-    // Devrait être la seule interface entre le JS de K-Psul et la logique des comptes.
-    constructor() {
-        // jQuery elements
-        this._$input = $("#id_trigramme");
-        this._$container = $("#account");
-        this._$article_select = $("#article_autocomplete")
-
-        // Subordinated classes
-        this.account = new Account({ "trigramme": "" });
-        this.search = new AccountSearch(this)
-
-        // Initialization
-        this._init_events();
-    }
-
-    get data() {
-        return this.account.toJSON();
-    }
-
-    _init_events() {
-        var that = this;
-
-        // L'input change ; on met à jour le compte
-        this._$input.on("input", () => this.update())
-
-        // Raccourci LIQ
-        this._$input.on("keydown", function (e) {
-            if (e.key == "ArrowDown") {
-                that.set("LIQ")
-            }
-        })
-
-        // Fonction de recherche
-        this._$container.on('click', '.search', function () {
-            that.search.open();
-        });
-
-        this._$container.on('keydown', function (e) {
-            if (e.key == "f" && e.ctrlKey) {
-                // Ctrl + F : universal search shortcut
-                that.search.open();
-                e.preventDefault();
-            }
-        });
-    }
-
-    set(trigramme) {
-        this._$input.val(trigramme);
-        this.update();
-    }
-
-    update() {
-        var trigramme = this._$input.val().format_trigramme();
-        this.account.set({ "trigramme": trigramme })
-        if (trigramme.is_valid_trigramme()) {
-            this.account.fetch({
-                "success": this._on_success.bind(this),
-                "error": this.reset.bind(this, false),
-            })
-        } else {
-            this.reset()
-        }
-    }
-
-    _on_success() {
-        // On utilise l'objet global window pour accéder aux fonctions nécessaires
-        this.account.render();
-        this._$article_select.focus();
-        window.updateBasketAmount();
-        window.updateBasketRel();
-    }
-
-    reset(hard_reset = false) {
-        this.account.reset();
-        this.account.render();
-
-        if (hard_reset) {
-            this._$input.val("");
-            this.update()
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-class AccountSearch {
-
-    constructor(manager) {
-        this.manager = manager;
-
-        this._content = '<input type="text" name="q" id="search_autocomplete" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false" autofocus><div id="account_results"></div>';
-        this._input = '#search_autocomplete';
-        this._results_container = '#account_results';
-
-    }
-
-    open() {
-        var that = this;
-        this._$dialog = $.dialog({
-            title: 'Recherche de compte',
-            content: this._content,
-            backgroundDismiss: true,
-            animation: 'top',
-            closeAnimation: 'bottom',
-            keyboardEnabled: true,
-            onOpen: function () {
-                that._$input = $(that._input);
-                that._$results_container = $(that._results_container);
-                that._init_form()
-                    ._init_events();
-            },
-        });
-    }
-
-    _init_form() {
-        var that = this;
-
-        this._$input.yourlabsAutocomplete({
-            url: django_urls['kfet.account.search.autocomplete'](),
-            minimumCharacters: 2,
-            id: 'search_autocomplete',
-            choiceSelector: '.autocomplete-value',
-            placeholder: "Chercher un utilisateur K-Fêt",
-            container: that._$results_container,
-            box: that._$results_container,
-            fixPosition: function () { },
-        });
-
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    _init_events() {
-        this._$input.bind('selectChoice',
-            (e, choice, autocomplete) => this._on_select(e, choice, autocomplete)
-        );
-        return this;
-    }
-
-    _on_select(e, choice, autocomplete) {
-        // Une option est de la forme "<User> (<trigramme>)"
-        var choice_text = choice.text().trim();
-        var trigramme_regex = /\((.{3})\)$/;
-        // le match est de la forme [<global match>, <group match>]
-        var trigramme = choice_text.match(trigramme_regex)[1]
-        this.manager.set(trigramme);
-        this.close();
-    }
-
-    close() {
-        if (this._$dialog !== undefined) {
-            this._$dialog.close();
-        }
-    }
-}$(function () {
-    self.account_manager = new AccountManager();
-})
\ No newline at end of file