diff --git a/hostapd/ctrl_iface.c b/hostapd/ctrl_iface.c
index 6e8352f2f..87f2cb17e 100644
--- a/hostapd/ctrl_iface.c
+++ b/hostapd/ctrl_iface.c
@@ -1428,6 +1428,8 @@ static int hostapd_ctrl_iface_set(struct hostapd_data *hapd, char *cmd)
 		hapd->dpp_ignore_netaccesskey_mismatch = atoi(value);
 	} else if (os_strcasecmp(cmd, "dpp_test") == 0) {
 		dpp_test = atoi(value);
+	} else if (os_strcasecmp(cmd, "dpp_version_override") == 0) {
+		dpp_version_override = atoi(value);
 #endif /* CONFIG_DPP */
 #endif /* CONFIG_TESTING_OPTIONS */
 #ifdef CONFIG_MBO
@@ -4193,6 +4195,11 @@ static void hostapd_ctrl_iface_flush(struct hapd_interfaces *interfaces)
 #ifdef CONFIG_TESTING_OPTIONS
 #ifdef CONFIG_DPP
 	dpp_test = DPP_TEST_DISABLED;
+#ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
+	dpp_version_override = 2;
+#else /* CONFIG_DPP2 */
+	dpp_version_override = 1;
+#endif /* CONFIG_DPP2 */
 #endif /* CONFIG_DPP */
 #endif /* CONFIG_TESTING_OPTIONS */
 
diff --git a/src/ap/dpp_hostapd.c b/src/ap/dpp_hostapd.c
index 77518cbdf..0926a7659 100644
--- a/src/ap/dpp_hostapd.c
+++ b/src/ap/dpp_hostapd.c
@@ -1286,10 +1286,12 @@ skip_connector:
 #endif /* CONFIG_TESTING_OPTIONS */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
-	/* Protocol Version */
-	wpabuf_put_le16(msg, DPP_ATTR_PROTOCOL_VERSION);
-	wpabuf_put_le16(msg, 1);
-	wpabuf_put_u8(msg, 2);
+	if (DPP_VERSION > 1) {
+		/* Protocol Version */
+		wpabuf_put_le16(msg, DPP_ATTR_PROTOCOL_VERSION);
+		wpabuf_put_le16(msg, 1);
+		wpabuf_put_u8(msg, DPP_VERSION);
+	}
 #endif /* CONFIG_DPP2 */
 
 	wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "DPP: Send Peer Discovery Response to " MACSTR
diff --git a/src/ap/ieee802_11.c b/src/ap/ieee802_11.c
index 28ac7aa4b..15e44b912 100644
--- a/src/ap/ieee802_11.c
+++ b/src/ap/ieee802_11.c
@@ -3365,7 +3365,8 @@ static int check_assoc_ies(struct hostapd_data *hapd, struct sta_info *sta,
 		dpp_pfs_free(sta->dpp_pfs);
 		sta->dpp_pfs = NULL;
 
-		if ((hapd->conf->wpa_key_mgmt & WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP) &&
+		if (DPP_VERSION > 1 &&
+		    (hapd->conf->wpa_key_mgmt & WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP) &&
 		    hapd->conf->dpp_netaccesskey && sta->wpa_sm &&
 		    wpa_auth_sta_key_mgmt(sta->wpa_sm) == WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP &&
 		    elems.owe_dh) {
@@ -3843,7 +3844,7 @@ rsnxe_done:
 #endif /* CONFIG_OWE */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
-	if ((hapd->conf->wpa_key_mgmt & WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP) &&
+	if (DPP_VERSION > 1 && (hapd->conf->wpa_key_mgmt & WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP) &&
 	    sta && sta->dpp_pfs && status_code == WLAN_STATUS_SUCCESS &&
 	    wpa_auth_sta_key_mgmt(sta->wpa_sm) == WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP) {
 		os_memcpy(p, wpabuf_head(sta->dpp_pfs->ie),
diff --git a/src/ap/wpa_auth.c b/src/ap/wpa_auth.c
index cbaf9f738..019e5357e 100644
--- a/src/ap/wpa_auth.c
+++ b/src/ap/wpa_auth.c
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "utils/bitfield.h"
 #include "common/ieee802_11_defs.h"
 #include "common/ocv.h"
+#include "common/dpp.h"
 #include "crypto/aes.h"
 #include "crypto/aes_wrap.h"
 #include "crypto/aes_siv.h"
@@ -3080,7 +3081,7 @@ SM_STATE(WPA_PTK, PTKCALCNEGOTIATING)
 #endif /* CONFIG_P2P */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
-	if (kde.dpp_kde) {
+	if (DPP_VERSION > 1 && kde.dpp_kde) {
 		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
 			   "DPP: peer Protocol Version %u Flags 0x%x",
 			   kde.dpp_kde[0], kde.dpp_kde[1]);
@@ -3516,10 +3517,10 @@ SM_STATE(WPA_PTK, PTKINITNEGOTIATING)
 				  &conf->transition_disable, 1, NULL, 0);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
-	if (sm->wpa_key_mgmt == WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP) {
+	if (DPP_VERSION > 1 && sm->wpa_key_mgmt == WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP) {
 		u8 payload[2];
 
-		payload[0] = 2; /* Protocol Version */
+		payload[0] = DPP_VERSION; /* Protocol Version */
 		payload[1] = 0; /* Flags */
 		if (conf->dpp_pfs == 0)
 			payload[1] |= DPP_KDE_PFS_ALLOWED;
diff --git a/src/common/dpp.c b/src/common/dpp.c
index 080c86aab..f8b13d6f5 100644
--- a/src/common/dpp.c
+++ b/src/common/dpp.c
@@ -37,6 +37,11 @@
 static const char * dpp_netrole_str(enum dpp_netrole netrole);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_TESTING_OPTIONS
+#ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
+int dpp_version_override = 2;
+#else
+int dpp_version_override = 1;
+#endif
 enum dpp_test_behavior dpp_test = DPP_TEST_DISABLED;
 u8 dpp_pkex_own_mac_override[ETH_ALEN] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
 u8 dpp_pkex_peer_mac_override[ETH_ALEN] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
@@ -1850,7 +1855,7 @@ static struct wpabuf * dpp_auth_build_req(struct dpp_authentication *auth,
 	/* Protocol Version */
 	wpabuf_put_le16(msg, DPP_ATTR_PROTOCOL_VERSION);
 	wpabuf_put_le16(msg, 1);
-	wpabuf_put_u8(msg, 2);
+	wpabuf_put_u8(msg, DPP_VERSION);
 #endif /* CONFIG_DPP2 */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_TESTING_OPTIONS
@@ -2014,7 +2019,7 @@ static struct wpabuf * dpp_auth_build_resp(struct dpp_authentication *auth,
 	if (auth->peer_version >= 2) {
 		wpabuf_put_le16(msg, DPP_ATTR_PROTOCOL_VERSION);
 		wpabuf_put_le16(msg, 1);
-		wpabuf_put_u8(msg, 2);
+		wpabuf_put_u8(msg, DPP_VERSION);
 	}
 #endif /* CONFIG_DPP2 */
 
@@ -3352,7 +3357,7 @@ dpp_auth_req_rx(struct dpp_global *dpp, void *msg_ctx, u8 dpp_allowed_roles,
 #ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
 	version = dpp_get_attr(attr_start, attr_len, DPP_ATTR_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
 			       &version_len);
-	if (version) {
+	if (version && DPP_VERSION > 1) {
 		if (version_len < 1 || version[0] == 0) {
 			dpp_auth_fail(auth,
 				      "Invalid Protocol Version attribute");
@@ -3968,7 +3973,7 @@ dpp_auth_resp_rx(struct dpp_authentication *auth, const u8 *hdr,
 #ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
 	version = dpp_get_attr(attr_start, attr_len, DPP_ATTR_PROTOCOL_VERSION,
 			       &version_len);
-	if (version) {
+	if (version && DPP_VERSION > 1) {
 		if (version_len < 1 || version[0] == 0) {
 			dpp_auth_fail(auth,
 				      "Invalid Protocol Version attribute");
diff --git a/src/common/dpp.h b/src/common/dpp.h
index afbedc554..e6cdf1103 100644
--- a/src/common/dpp.h
+++ b/src/common/dpp.h
@@ -21,6 +21,17 @@ struct crypto_ecdh;
 struct hostapd_ip_addr;
 struct dpp_global;
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_TESTING_OPTIONS
+#define DPP_VERSION (dpp_version_override)
+extern int dpp_version_override;
+#else /* CONFIG_TESTING_OPTIONS */
+#ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
+#define DPP_VERSION 2
+#else
+#define DPP_VERSION 1
+#endif
+#endif /* CONFIG_TESTING_OPTIONS */
+
 #define DPP_HDR_LEN (4 + 2) /* OUI, OUI Type, Crypto Suite, DPP frame type */
 #define DPP_TCP_PORT 7871
 
diff --git a/src/rsn_supp/wpa.c b/src/rsn_supp/wpa.c
index 84ff1e1bd..a9e2e2474 100644
--- a/src/rsn_supp/wpa.c
+++ b/src/rsn_supp/wpa.c
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include "common/ieee802_11_defs.h"
 #include "common/ieee802_11_common.h"
 #include "common/ocv.h"
+#include "common/dpp.h"
 #include "eap_common/eap_defs.h"
 #include "eapol_supp/eapol_supp_sm.h"
 #include "drivers/driver.h"
@@ -784,7 +785,7 @@ static void wpa_supplicant_process_1_of_4(struct wpa_sm *sm,
 #endif /* CONFIG_P2P */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
-	if (sm->key_mgmt == WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP) {
+	if (DPP_VERSION > 1 && sm->key_mgmt == WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP) {
 		u8 *pos;
 
 		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG, "DPP: Add DPP KDE into EAPOL-Key 2/4");
@@ -793,7 +794,7 @@ static void wpa_supplicant_process_1_of_4(struct wpa_sm *sm,
 		*pos++ = RSN_SELECTOR_LEN + 2;
 		RSN_SELECTOR_PUT(pos, WFA_KEY_DATA_DPP);
 		pos += RSN_SELECTOR_LEN;
-		*pos++ = 2; /* Protocol Version */
+		*pos++ = DPP_VERSION; /* Protocol Version */
 		*pos = 0; /* Flags */
 		if (sm->dpp_pfs == 0)
 			*pos |= DPP_KDE_PFS_ALLOWED;
@@ -1716,7 +1717,7 @@ static void wpa_supplicant_process_3_of_4(struct wpa_sm *sm,
 #endif /* CONFIG_OCV */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
-	if (ie.dpp_kde) {
+	if (DPP_VERSION > 1 && ie.dpp_kde) {
 		wpa_printf(MSG_DEBUG,
 			   "DPP: peer Protocol Version %u Flags 0x%x",
 			   ie.dpp_kde[0], ie.dpp_kde[1]);
diff --git a/wpa_supplicant/ctrl_iface.c b/wpa_supplicant/ctrl_iface.c
index 90504948a..6e673fe36 100644
--- a/wpa_supplicant/ctrl_iface.c
+++ b/wpa_supplicant/ctrl_iface.c
@@ -696,6 +696,8 @@ static int wpa_supplicant_ctrl_iface_set(struct wpa_supplicant *wpa_s,
 			ret = -1;
 		else
 			dpp_nonce_override_len = hex_len / 2;
+	} else if (os_strcasecmp(cmd, "dpp_version_override") == 0) {
+		dpp_version_override = atoi(value);
 #endif /* CONFIG_TESTING_OPTIONS */
 #endif /* CONFIG_DPP */
 #ifdef CONFIG_TESTING_OPTIONS
@@ -8160,6 +8162,11 @@ static void wpa_supplicant_ctrl_iface_flush(struct wpa_supplicant *wpa_s)
 	dpp_pkex_ephemeral_key_override_len = 0;
 	dpp_protocol_key_override_len = 0;
 	dpp_nonce_override_len = 0;
+#ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
+	dpp_version_override = 2;
+#else /* CONFIG_DPP2 */
+	dpp_version_override = 1;
+#endif /* CONFIG_DPP2 */
 #endif /* CONFIG_TESTING_OPTIONS */
 #endif /* CONFIG_DPP */
 
diff --git a/wpa_supplicant/dpp_supplicant.c b/wpa_supplicant/dpp_supplicant.c
index a846c7c65..eae62e289 100644
--- a/wpa_supplicant/dpp_supplicant.c
+++ b/wpa_supplicant/dpp_supplicant.c
@@ -2580,10 +2580,12 @@ skip_connector:
 #endif /* CONFIG_TESTING_OPTIONS */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
-	/* Protocol Version */
-	wpabuf_put_le16(msg, DPP_ATTR_PROTOCOL_VERSION);
-	wpabuf_put_le16(msg, 1);
-	wpabuf_put_u8(msg, 2);
+	if (DPP_VERSION > 1) {
+		/* Protocol Version */
+		wpabuf_put_le16(msg, DPP_ATTR_PROTOCOL_VERSION);
+		wpabuf_put_le16(msg, 1);
+		wpabuf_put_u8(msg, DPP_VERSION);
+	}
 #endif /* CONFIG_DPP2 */
 
 	/* TODO: Timeout on AP response */
diff --git a/wpa_supplicant/events.c b/wpa_supplicant/events.c
index 61f875742..a25b43db0 100644
--- a/wpa_supplicant/events.c
+++ b/wpa_supplicant/events.c
@@ -2703,7 +2703,8 @@ static int wpa_supplicant_event_associnfo(struct wpa_supplicant *wpa_s,
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
 	wpa_sm_set_dpp_z(wpa_s->wpa, NULL);
-	if (wpa_s->key_mgmt == WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP && wpa_s->dpp_pfs) {
+	if (DPP_VERSION > 1 && wpa_s->key_mgmt == WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP &&
+	    wpa_s->dpp_pfs) {
 		struct ieee802_11_elems elems;
 
 		if (ieee802_11_parse_elems(data->assoc_info.resp_ies,
@@ -4373,7 +4374,7 @@ static void wpas_event_assoc_reject(struct wpa_supplicant *wpa_s,
 	 * the status code defined in the DPP R2 tech spec.
 	 * WLAN_STATUS_AKMP_NOT_VALID is addressed in the same manner as an
 	 * interoperability workaround with older hostapd implementation. */
-	if (wpa_s->current_ssid &&
+	if (DPP_VERSION > 1 && wpa_s->current_ssid &&
 	    wpa_s->current_ssid->key_mgmt == WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP &&
 	    wpa_s->current_ssid->dpp_pfs == 0 &&
 	    (data->assoc_reject.status_code ==
diff --git a/wpa_supplicant/sme.c b/wpa_supplicant/sme.c
index c7e5fcd5a..d06f6e298 100644
--- a/wpa_supplicant/sme.c
+++ b/wpa_supplicant/sme.c
@@ -1793,7 +1793,7 @@ void sme_associate(struct wpa_supplicant *wpa_s, enum wpas_mode mode,
 #endif /* CONFIG_OWE */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
-	if (wpa_s->key_mgmt == WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP && ssid &&
+	if (DPP_VERSION > 1 && wpa_s->key_mgmt == WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP && ssid &&
 	    ssid->dpp_netaccesskey && ssid->dpp_pfs != 2 &&
 	    !ssid->dpp_pfs_fallback) {
 		struct rsn_pmksa_cache_entry *pmksa;
diff --git a/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.c b/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.c
index 53f8c9466..af4e7eb3a 100644
--- a/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.c
+++ b/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.c
@@ -3087,7 +3087,8 @@ static u8 * wpas_populate_assoc_ies(
 #endif /* CONFIG_OWE */
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_DPP2
-	if (wpa_sm_get_key_mgmt(wpa_s->wpa) == WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP &&
+	if (DPP_VERSION > 1 &&
+	    wpa_sm_get_key_mgmt(wpa_s->wpa) == WPA_KEY_MGMT_DPP &&
 	    ssid->dpp_netaccesskey &&
 	    ssid->dpp_pfs != 2 && !ssid->dpp_pfs_fallback) {
 		struct rsn_pmksa_cache_entry *pmksa;