diff --git a/app/models/procedure.rb b/app/models/procedure.rb
index 437fbd2a7..1d87dd735 100644
--- a/app/models/procedure.rb
+++ b/app/models/procedure.rb
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ class Procedure < ApplicationRecord
   end
 
   has_many :administrateurs_procedures, dependent: :delete_all
-  has_many :administrateurs, through: :administrateurs_procedures, after_remove: -> (procedure, _admin) { procedure.validate! }
+  has_many :administrateurs, through: :administrateurs_procedures, before_remove: :check_administrateur_minimal_presence
   has_many :groupe_instructeurs, -> { order(:label) }, inverse_of: :procedure, dependent: :destroy
   has_many :instructeurs, through: :groupe_instructeurs
   has_many :export_templates, through: :groupe_instructeurs
@@ -318,6 +318,12 @@ class Procedure < ApplicationRecord
     end
   end
 
+  def check_administrateur_minimal_presence(_object)
+    if self.administrateurs.count <= 1
+      raise ActiveRecord::RecordNotDestroyed.new("Cannot remove the last administrateur of procedure #{self.libelle} (#{self.id})")
+    end
+  end
+
   def dossiers_close_to_expiration
     dossiers.close_to_expiration.count
   end
diff --git a/spec/models/procedure_spec.rb b/spec/models/procedure_spec.rb
index a5adf5280..ba22d25b1 100644
--- a/spec/models/procedure_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/procedure_spec.rb
@@ -210,6 +210,20 @@ describe Procedure do
       it { is_expected.not_to allow_value([]).for(:administrateurs) }
     end
 
+    context 'before_remove callback for minimal administrator presence' do
+      let(:procedure) { create(:procedure) }
+
+      it 'raises an error when trying to remove the last administrateur' do
+        expect(procedure.administrateurs.count).to eq(1)
+        expect {
+          procedure.administrateurs.destroy(procedure.administrateurs.first)
+        }.to raise_error(
+          ActiveRecord::RecordNotDestroyed,
+          "Cannot remove the last administrateur of procedure #{procedure.libelle} (#{procedure.id})"
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
     context 'juridique' do
       it { is_expected.not_to allow_value(nil).on(:publication).for(:cadre_juridique) }
       it { is_expected.to allow_value('text').on(:publication).for(:cadre_juridique) }