diff --git a/app/components/procedure/one_groupe_management_component.rb b/app/components/procedure/one_groupe_management_component.rb
index f1b8aa0e1..4fc003628 100644
--- a/app/components/procedure/one_groupe_management_component.rb
+++ b/app/components/procedure/one_groupe_management_component.rb
@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@ class Procedure::OneGroupeManagementComponent < ApplicationComponent
     @groupe_instructeur.routing_rule&.right || empty
   end
 
+  def operator_name
+    @groupe_instructeur.routing_rule&.class&.name || empty
+  end
+
   def targeted_champ_tag
     select_tag(
       'targeted_champ',
@@ -39,6 +43,21 @@ class Procedure::OneGroupeManagementComponent < ApplicationComponent
       .map { |tdc| [tdc.libelle, champ_value(tdc.stable_id).to_json] }
   end
 
+  def operator_tag
+    select_tag('operator_name',
+      options_for_select(
+        options_for_operator_tag,
+        selected: operator_name
+      ),
+      class: 'fr-select')
+  end
+
+  def options_for_operator_tag
+    [Eq, NotEq]
+      .map(&:name)
+      .map { |name| [t(name, scope: 'logic.operators'), name] }
+  end
+
   def value_tag
     select_tag(
       'value',
diff --git a/app/components/procedure/one_groupe_management_component/one_groupe_management_component.html.haml b/app/components/procedure/one_groupe_management_component/one_groupe_management_component.html.haml
index 3df93fb48..0aa12ca39 100644
--- a/app/components/procedure/one_groupe_management_component/one_groupe_management_component.html.haml
+++ b/app/components/procedure/one_groupe_management_component/one_groupe_management_component.html.haml
@@ -40,7 +40,8 @@
       .fr-mr-2w.no-wrap si le champ
       .target.fr-mr-2w
         = targeted_champ_tag
-      .operator.fr-mr-2w.no-wrap est égal à
+      .operator.fr-mr-2w.no-wrap
+        = operator_tag
       .value
         = value_tag
     .fr-hint-text
diff --git a/app/controllers/administrateurs/routing_controller.rb b/app/controllers/administrateurs/routing_controller.rb
index 0e87ede8b..3e047cdbf 100644
--- a/app/controllers/administrateurs/routing_controller.rb
+++ b/app/controllers/administrateurs/routing_controller.rb
@@ -9,7 +9,13 @@ module Administrateurs
 
       right = targeted_champ_changed? ? empty : value
 
-      groupe_instructeur.update!(routing_rule: ds_eq(left, right))
+      new_routing_rule = case operator_name
+      when Eq.name
+        ds_eq(left, right)
+      when NotEq.name
+        ds_not_eq(left, right)
+      end
+      groupe_instructeur.update!(routing_rule: new_routing_rule)
     end
 
     def update_defaut_groupe_instructeur
@@ -27,6 +33,10 @@ module Administrateurs
       Logic.from_json(params[:targeted_champ])
     end
 
+    def operator_name
+      params[:operator_name]
+    end
+
     def value
       Logic.from_json(params[:value])
     end
diff --git a/app/models/groupe_instructeur.rb b/app/models/groupe_instructeur.rb
index 59b3bcb14..0e48fb391 100644
--- a/app/models/groupe_instructeur.rb
+++ b/app/models/groupe_instructeur.rb
@@ -73,9 +73,12 @@ class GroupeInstructeur < ApplicationRecord
   end
 
   def invalid_rule?
-    rule = routing_rule
-    return true if !(rule.is_a?(Logic::Eq) && rule.left.is_a?(Logic::ChampValue) && rule.right.is_a?(Logic::Constant))
-    return true if !routing_rule_matches_tdc?
+    !valid_rule?
+  end
+
+  def valid_rule?
+    return false if routing_rule.nil?
+    ([routing_rule.left, routing_rule, routing_rule.right] in [ChampValue, Eq | NotEq, Constant]) && routing_rule_matches_tdc?
   end
 
   def non_unique_rule?
diff --git a/spec/controllers/administrateurs/routing_controller_spec.rb b/spec/controllers/administrateurs/routing_controller_spec.rb
index 03eb31d36..17eff6874 100644
--- a/spec/controllers/administrateurs/routing_controller_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/controllers/administrateurs/routing_controller_spec.rb
@@ -11,40 +11,82 @@ describe Administrateurs::RoutingController, type: :controller do
       {
         procedure_id: procedure.id,
         targeted_champ: champ_value(drop_down_tdc.stable_id).to_json,
+        operator_name: operator_name,
         value: empty.to_json,
         groupe_instructeur_id: gi_2.id
       }
     end
 
-    before do
-      post :update, params: params, format: :turbo_stream
-    end
-
-    it do
-      expect(gi_2.reload.routing_rule).to eq(ds_eq(champ_value(drop_down_tdc.stable_id), empty))
-    end
-
-    context '#update value' do
-      let(:value_updated_params) { params.merge(value: constant('Lyon').to_json) }
+    context 'with Eq operator' do
+      let(:operator_name) { Logic::Eq.name }
 
       before do
-        post :update, params: value_updated_params, format: :turbo_stream
+        post :update, params: params, format: :turbo_stream
       end
 
       it do
-        expect(gi_2.reload.routing_rule).to eq(ds_eq(champ_value(drop_down_tdc.stable_id), constant('Lyon')))
+        expect(gi_2.reload.routing_rule).to eq(ds_eq(champ_value(drop_down_tdc.stable_id), empty))
       end
 
-      context 'targeted champ changed' do
-        let(:last_tdc) { procedure.draft_revision.types_de_champ.last }
+      context '#update value' do
+        let(:value_updated_params) { params.merge(value: constant('Lyon').to_json) }
 
         before do
-          targeted_champ_updated_params = value_updated_params.merge(targeted_champ: champ_value(last_tdc.stable_id).to_json)
-          post :update, params: targeted_champ_updated_params, format: :turbo_stream
+          post :update, params: value_updated_params, format: :turbo_stream
         end
 
         it do
-          expect(gi_2.reload.routing_rule).to eq(ds_eq(champ_value(last_tdc.stable_id), empty))
+          expect(gi_2.reload.routing_rule).to eq(ds_eq(champ_value(drop_down_tdc.stable_id), constant('Lyon')))
+        end
+
+        context 'targeted champ changed' do
+          let(:last_tdc) { procedure.draft_revision.types_de_champ.last }
+
+          before do
+            targeted_champ_updated_params = value_updated_params.merge(targeted_champ: champ_value(last_tdc.stable_id).to_json)
+            post :update, params: targeted_champ_updated_params, format: :turbo_stream
+          end
+
+          it do
+            expect(gi_2.reload.routing_rule).to eq(ds_eq(champ_value(last_tdc.stable_id), empty))
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'with NotEq operator' do
+      let(:operator_name) { Logic::NotEq.name }
+
+      before do
+        post :update, params: params, format: :turbo_stream
+      end
+
+      it do
+        expect(gi_2.reload.routing_rule).to eq(ds_not_eq(champ_value(drop_down_tdc.stable_id), empty))
+      end
+
+      context '#update value' do
+        let(:value_updated_params) { params.merge(value: constant('Lyon').to_json) }
+
+        before do
+          post :update, params: value_updated_params, format: :turbo_stream
+        end
+
+        it do
+          expect(gi_2.reload.routing_rule).to eq(ds_not_eq(champ_value(drop_down_tdc.stable_id), constant('Lyon')))
+        end
+
+        context 'targeted champ changed' do
+          let(:last_tdc) { procedure.draft_revision.types_de_champ.last }
+
+          before do
+            targeted_champ_updated_params = value_updated_params.merge(targeted_champ: champ_value(last_tdc.stable_id).to_json)
+            post :update, params: targeted_champ_updated_params, format: :turbo_stream
+          end
+
+          it do
+            expect(gi_2.reload.routing_rule).to eq(ds_not_eq(champ_value(last_tdc.stable_id), empty))
+          end
         end
       end
     end
diff --git a/spec/models/routing_engine_spec.rb b/spec/models/routing_engine_spec.rb
index 3095da91f..38468ebb6 100644
--- a/spec/models/routing_engine_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/routing_engine_spec.rb
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ describe RoutingEngine, type: :model do
   describe '.compute' do
     let(:dossier) { create(:dossier, procedure:) }
     let(:defaut_groupe) { procedure.defaut_groupe_instructeur }
-    let(:gi_2) { procedure.groupe_instructeurs.find_by(label: 'a second group') }
+    let(:gi_2) { procedure.groupe_instructeurs.create(label: 'a second group') }
 
     subject do
       RoutingEngine.compute(dossier)
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ describe RoutingEngine, type: :model do
       let(:procedure) do
         create(:procedure,
           types_de_champ_public: [{ type: :drop_down_list, libelle: 'Votre ville', options: ['Paris', 'Lyon', 'Marseille'] }]).tap do |p|
-          p.groupe_instructeurs.create(label: 'a second group')
           p.groupe_instructeurs.create(label: 'a third group')
         end
       end
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ describe RoutingEngine, type: :model do
       context 'without any matching rules' do
         before do
           procedure.groupe_instructeurs.each do |gi|
-            gi.update(routing_rule: constant(false))
+            gi.update(routing_rule: ds_eq(constant(false), constant(false)))
           end
         end
 
@@ -60,12 +59,23 @@ describe RoutingEngine, type: :model do
 
         it { is_expected.to eq(defaut_groupe) }
       end
+
+      context 'with a non equals rule' do
+        before do
+          gi_2.update(routing_rule: ds_not_eq(champ_value(drop_down_tdc.stable_id), constant('Lyon')))
+          dossier.champs.first.update(value: 'Paris')
+        end
+
+        it do
+          is_expected.not_to eq(defaut_groupe)
+          is_expected.to eq(gi_2)
+        end
+      end
     end
 
     context 'with a departements type de champ' do
       let(:procedure) do
         create(:procedure, types_de_champ_public: [{ type: :departements }]).tap do |p|
-          p.groupe_instructeurs.create(label: 'a second group')
           p.groupe_instructeurs.create(label: 'a third group')
         end
       end
@@ -81,5 +91,31 @@ describe RoutingEngine, type: :model do
         it { is_expected.to eq(gi_2) }
       end
     end
+
+    context 'routing rules priorities' do
+      let(:procedure) do
+        create(:procedure,
+          types_de_champ_public: [{ type: :drop_down_list, libelle: 'Ville', options: ['Paris', 'Lyon', 'Marseille'] }]).tap do |p|
+          p.groupe_instructeurs.create(label: 'c')
+        end
+      end
+
+      let(:drop_down_tdc) { procedure.draft_revision.types_de_champ.first }
+
+      let!(:gi_3) { procedure.groupe_instructeurs.find_by(label: 'c') }
+
+      context 'not eq rule coming first' do
+        before do
+          defaut_groupe.update(label: 'a')
+          gi_2.update(label: 'b', routing_rule: ds_not_eq(champ_value(drop_down_tdc.stable_id), constant('Lyon')))
+          gi_3.update(routing_rule: ds_eq(champ_value(drop_down_tdc.stable_id), constant('Marseille')))
+          dossier.champs.first.update(value: 'Marseille')
+        end
+
+        it 'computes by groups label order' do
+          is_expected.to eq(gi_2)
+        end
+      end
+    end
   end
 end